What is the central idea of Darwinian evolution?

Competitive selection is the core of Darwin's theory of evolution. The Chinese interpretation is that organisms compete with each other and those who can adapt to life are chosen to survive. In biological evolution it means that each organism reproduces the next generation with genetic variation.

If the variation is favorable to the organism's betterment, then the favorable variation will be retained by the environment through the selection of the "survival of the fittest".

Extended Information

First, species are variable and organisms evolve. The vast majority of biologists who read On the Origin of Species at the time were quick to accept this fact, and evolution has since replaced creationism as the cornerstone of biological research. Even at that time, the debate about whether organisms evolved or not was primarily between biologists and Christian evangelists, rather than within the biological community.

Second, natural selection is the driving force behind biological evolution. Organisms have a tendency to overpopulate, and since living space and food are limited, they must "fight for survival".

There are variations among individuals in the same population, and those with favorable variations that can be adapted to the environment will survive and reproduce, while those without favorable variations will be eliminated. If the changes in natural conditions are directional, then in the course of history, after a long period of natural selection, small variations are accumulated and become significant. This may lead to the formation of subspecies and new species.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Natural Selection

Baidu Encyclopedia - Darwin's Theory of Evolution