Characteristics of the development of modern science and technology

The characteristics of the development of modern science and technology are that the market is the decisive factor to promote the progress of science and technology, and science and technology should adapt to the objective law of the socialization of productive forces, and science and technology should promote the development of both material and spiritual productive forces.

1. Market is the decisive factor to promote scientific and technological progress.

1, the purpose of scientific and technological progress is to meet people's needs. The most direct embodiment of demand is the market. The market mentioned here includes not only the current market demand, but also the possible market demand in the future, and also the new market demand developed due to scientific and technological progress.

2. Why can the market mechanism promote scientific and technological progress to the greatest extent? Marxist political economy tells us that the pursuit of profit maximization is the goal of market economy. There are two ways for entrepreneurs to get profits: one is from absolute surplus value, that is, to extend workers' working hours and improve labor intensity; Second, it comes from relative surplus value, which is a more effective way to improve labor productivity, which depends on scientific and technological progress.

3. Encouraged by the market economy, the decision-makers of enterprises are constantly turning to scientific and technological progress. Therefore, the market demand orientation also determines the field of rapid development of science and technology. To study and predict the development of contemporary science and technology, we must first predict and study what kind of demand the market will develop.

Second, science and technology should adapt to the objective law of socialization of productive forces.

1. In addition to meeting the needs of the market, there is also a unique law of productivity development. The first is the law of continuous socialization of productive forces. In the past, people often understood socialization as mass production, and thought that the larger the enterprise scale, the higher the degree of socialization of productive forces.

2. With the deepening of people's understanding, it is further realized that socialization is an organized mass production of the whole society. The highly organized division of labor and cooperation in small-scale production through commodity exchange is also socialized. The optimal combination of capital, technology, energy, land, labor and other productive factors from different regions is a more advanced socialization.

There are many multinational companies in the world today, and all countries have successively implemented the open policy and carried out international cooperation. The reason lies in the optimal combination of various factors of productivity, which is an irresistible and inevitable law. The socialization of productive forces will inevitably bring about the circulation of materials, personnel and information and the unified deployment of energy, which is often the forerunner of the development of productive forces.

4. China's economic development is often restricted by the development of transportation, communication and energy, which is related to China's lack of understanding of the law of socialization in the past. Conversely, science and technology should promote the development of these "small projects".

Third, science and technology should not only promote material productivity, but also promote the development of spiritual productivity.

1, Marxism divides productivity into two parts, material productivity and spiritual productivity. People's needs are manifold. When the survival needs are initially met, we should pay more attention to the satisfaction of spiritual needs. Material needs are limited, while spiritual needs can be said to be infinite.

2. Now in developed countries, the information industry has accounted for 60%-70% of the total output value! In recent years, the concept of knowledge economy has emerged. Industry is not only labor-intensive, resource-intensive and capital-intensive, but also technology-intensive, and its further development is knowledge-intensive industry. The rapid development of knowledge-intensive industries is precisely because the knowledge economy has brought these industries excess profits, even monopoly profits.

3. It is precisely because knowledge plays an increasingly important role in industrial development that the generation, dissemination, transmission and application of knowledge become an industry. At present, China has only achieved food and clothing for its people, but even so, about 200 million color and black-and-white TV sets have been sold in urban and rural areas. If the average is 2,000 yuan, then urban and rural residents have invested at least 400 billion yuan to obtain information. This is 2-3 times the annual investment in education in China.