Write 200 words diary on the topic of shadow puppets

Shadow theater in China has many branches, the most famous when the Tangshan shadow.

Tangshan shadow, also known as shadow play, is one of the folk local theater in Luannan County, began to be called Luanzhou shadow or Leting shadow and Jidong shadow, in the area of Changluanle is also commonly known as the donkey shadow, in the Northeast is commonly known as the old Bark shadow. It is a branch of the Chinese shadow theater, has a unique singing and manipulation techniques, the production of shadow people is a kind of sculpture art. Ming Wanli years, in Luanzhou there is an uninspired student, surnamed Huang, the name Suzhi, is a multi-talented person, not only good literary talent, and painting, carving pieces of proficiency, he traveled to Fengtian (Shenyang), where he teaches a few village children to live in this leisurely years slowly achieved his contribution to the arts - the creation of the shadow play. Huang Suzhi went to Beijing and saw the Beijing shadow play, and there is also a shadow play in the countryside of Luanzhou. There is a local riddle that says, "The lights shine from afar, but close up it looks like a temple, with people and horses shouting inside and laughing outside. Compilation of local theater in Hebei Province, there is a hand-copied Luanzhou during the Ming Wanli shadow play "Thin Life Figure" of the introduction, it can be seen in the territory of the county in the Ming Dynasty has been a shadow play. Huang Suzhi traveled to Shenyang, the shadow play to the guest. Initially carved with paper cut shadow people later changed to sheepskin cut shadow people, this carving art in the Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Suzhi will improve this carving art. As Gu Jiegang wrote in the "Luanzhou shadow play": "the original shadow play since Mr. Huang invented (actually spread and improved) after the transmission of a very large number of people, decades after the power of the three provinces in the East, this time in Manchuria, the great power of the rise." Because Changli, Luanxian, Leiting and the three neighboring northeastern provinces, the history of the people who went to the Guandong, the long history of the Manchu Chinese language and habits increasingly close to the dissemination of Huang Suzhi to improve the shadow play to "Luanzhou Shadow Theatre," the name of the shadow play in the early Qing Dynasty, with the Qing army stationed in and widely circulated.

The late Ming and early Qing dynasties, due to the rulers advocate, the shadow theater flourished and prospered, spread faster. To the middle of the Qing Dynasty White Lotus uprising, the people around the response, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty afraid of instability, to prevent the people from mobbing, a reversal of the initial hot attitude towards the shadow play, they put a change of face and said that the shadow play is a paper man with a paper horse to raise the demon of the rebellion, prohibit officials from raising private shadow class, prohibit night performances of the shadow play.

Between the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the shadow theater and the current shadow theater is a lineage, the formation of authentic Luanzhou shadow, which is also known as the Leiting shadow, the old Barking shadow. The local people were very fond of shadow theater, which became a custom over time. In the early years of the Republic of China, Leiting Cui family Jude Hall shadow class, Zhang family Zhongxing Hall shadow class, Liu family Qing and Hall shadow class, Shi family Cuiyintang shadow class to do the biggest and best, the shadow of the renowned artists, but also cultivated a large number of rookies, far-reaching influence, full of Beijing and the East. 1930's, the Leiting shadow in Shenyang, Changchun and other major cities, was warmly welcomed by the performance, and spread to Japan, Korea and other countries. Zhang Juanwu, Zhang Zhanke and other famous shadow world invited one after another at home and abroad to make a large number of recordings, so that the shadow theater basin is more extensive.

Luanzhou shadow theater is different from other shadow theater features are four: one is the shadow people with donkey skin carving, there are unique manipulation techniques; two is sung in Luanle countryside (Leiting accent more, Luanzhou accent less), the language is easy to understand; three is the pinch voice singing; four is a unique cavity, such as Zhang Rope Wu's Hao cavity, and so on.

Ji'nan Shadow Theater

Ji'nan Shadow Theater is mainly located in Feixiang County, Cheng'an County, Magnet County, Daming County, Linzhang County, Guangping County, Wei County, Yongnian County, Tiantao County, and Wuan City, Handan City, and influences the areas of Jizhong, Jibei, and the areas of north Henan, southeast Jin, and west Luxi.

The basic features of Ji'nan Shadow Theater: First, Ji'nan Shadow Theater is an important direct lineage of the Song Dynasty's Central Plains Shadow Theater, which has an important connection with the Henan Shadow and the Yu Bei Bang Cavity. Secondly, Ji'nan Shadow Theater is simple and ancient in shape, combined with carving and painting, and the modeling system is simple and concise, reflecting the early style of China's shadow theater. Third, Ji'nan Shadow Opera is rich in repertoire, singing without text, entirely orally taught, with humorous and funny dialogues, very colloquial, easy to understand and perform, with distinctive local characteristics. Fourth, Ji'nan shadow theater class society and inheritance still maintain the traditional customs, the basic embodiment of the original shadow theater performance form.

The artistic value of Ji'nan shadow play: Ji'nan shadow belongs to a direct lineage of the Song Dynasty Central Plains Shadow Theater, which maintains more of the early appearance of China's shadow play, compared to Shaanxi shadow, Tangshan shadow, in the modeling, scripts, singing, performance forms, etc. have very strong differences, and has a higher academic value and cultural connotations.

Ji'nan Shadow Theater has a rugged and simple shape, simple lines, and a combination of carving and painting, which fully reflects the modeling characteristics of the ancient Central Plains Shadow Theater, and the early characteristics of China's Shadow Theater. There is no text in Ji'nan shadow play singing, it is entirely oral, with spoken language and dialectized features.

The protection and research of Ji'nan shadow art is an in-depth excavation, collation and comprehensive understanding of the history, circulation and status of shadow art in China. It will be of great significance for promoting the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, rescuing the intangible cultural heritage, and promoting the prosperity and development of China's contemporary folk culture.

The endangered status of Ji'nan Shadow Play: Today, the social basis on which Ji'nan Shadow Play survives and develops has changed, and its traditional folk cultural connotations have gradually disappeared. The ageing of the current Ji'nan shadow puppets is very serious, and most of the shadow puppets are unable to sing due to old age, but there are no more successors. Traditional shadow performance skills are difficult to be inherited, young people want to learn the skills of very few, its singing, oral repertoire, carving methods, etc., almost faced with the loss of the situation.