What are the composition teaching models?

1. Reading to learn writing, from imitation to creation - the combination of reading and writing model

The "combination of reading and writing" model of Ding Youkuan, a special teacher in Guangdong Province, is quite unique. He advocates reading as the basis, learning to write from reading, promoting reading through writing, highlighting the key points, reading more and writing more, focusing on students' reading and writing training, so as to achieve certain, orderly, a little, and method, so that Students are truly the masters of learning Chinese. The combination of reading and writing can be summarized as "four things". (1) Some - seeking refinement from chaos and laying a solid foundation (2) Orderly - seeking order from chaos and training step by step. (3) A little bit - Huazhong is realistic and highlights key points. (4) There is a law - death is a matter of survival and is left to the laws. Specific to the composition method, there are four key points: First, four thoughts: (1) Think about the center of the article; (2) Think about the materials that express the center of the article; (3) Think about the title of the article; (4) )Think about the layout of the article. Second and third drafting: (1) Draft the title; (2) Draft the outline; (3) Draft the priorities. Third, second writing: (1) write a good manuscript; (2) transcribe the composition. Fourth, one more: multiple modifications. ⑦ Reading and writing combined learning method: (1) Learn from reading to solve problems, combine with writing to practice reviewing and drafting questions; (2) Learn from reading to summarize the center, and combine with writing to practice how to express the center: (3) Learn from reading to segment and Summarize the meaning of the paragraph, and prepare a writing outline based on the composition; (4) Differentiate the priority of the article from reading, and practice how to arrange the details in conjunction with composition; (5) Capture the key paragraphs of the article from reading, and practice how to highlight the center in conjunction with composition; (6) Learn to evaluate texts from reading, and practice self-correcting compositions in combination with writing; (7) Learn how the author observes things from reading, and practice observation methods in combination with writing.

2. Free selection of materials, free practice - free composition mode

The author began the experiment of free composition teaching reform in 1983. In 1985, he wrote an article in the magazine "Primary School Teaching Research", which was the first in China. Propose a new concept of free composition. Then there was a surge in free composition experiments across the country, and now this concept is written into the new "Chinese Curriculum Standards." The "free composition" model is relative to the "proposition composition". Free composition refers to composition exercises that are conducted freely by primary school students themselves, without others providing topics, materials, or needs. The free composition mode has six characteristics: free selection of materials, free conception, free topic formulation, free layout, free expression, and free revision. It emphasizes various forms of free writing. Such as: diary, weekly diary, essay, extracurricular writing practice, newspaper editing activities, etc. The free composition model teaching follows the principles of mass reading and writing, the principle of independent composition, the principle of open feeling, the principle of personality promotion, the principle of thinking training, the principle of less revision and re-evaluation, the principle of independent revision, and the principle of encouragement and affirmation. Free composition teaching is a dynamic and open teaching system. Teaching in the free composition mode requires scientific and effective guidance, requiring teachers to achieve "six guides and six things": teacher guide → make the exercises meaningful; teacher guide → make the exercises orderly; teacher guide → make it useful for students to open the book ; The teacher guides the correction → so that the exercises are well understood; the teacher guides the comments → makes the exercises sound logical; the teacher guides the exercises → makes the exercises useful for reference. Free composition has four major advantages: 1. Reducing students’ nervousness. There is no time limit for free composition. Students' psychological pressure is reduced and they can write in a good state of mind. 2. Improve students’ interest in writing. 3. Cultivate students’ independent creativity. There are almost no restrictions on free composition, which greatly unleashes students' creativity, and a large number of refreshing compositions appear. 4. Show students’ personality and strengths. Free composition gives them the opportunity to express themselves, and the personalized language allows us to see a real and unique face.

3. Create situations and stimulate interest-situational composition mode

In the last century, Mr. Li Jilin, a special teacher in Jiangsu Province, created the theoretical system and operating system of situational education, and thus there was the situation Composition teaching model. The so-called situational composition model is a composition style in which teachers intentionally or unintentionally use or create certain situations according to specific occasions to attract students' multiple senses, enable them to gain certain experiences, and then guide students to write. According to my many years of practice, this kind of composition training effectively solves the problem of "making a meal without rice" when students write, and greatly stimulates students' interest in writing. Situational composition starts from the content of the composition. By creating scenarios, it adds students’ life experience and enriches students’ writing content. Teachers can create wonderful scenarios one after another in teaching. Different scenarios require different teaching strategies and teaching processes. All the same. However, situational composition always has its own inherent characteristics. Generally, the following mode can be adopted: 1. Set the topic to stimulate curiosity. For example, when the class bell rang, the teacher wrote on the blackboard the words "An egg cannot be broken by a hammer." Question marks immediately appeared in the students' minds. How could an egg be broken by a hammer? ? Could it be an iron egg? ... As soon as the class started, the students were attracted by these questions, and their minds were racing in an instant. 2. Scenario demonstration to stimulate inquiry psychology. 3. Be informed and sensible, stimulating the "desire to vomit" mentality. 4. Communicate and collide to stimulate psychological enlightenment. Situational composition teaching advocates teachers to be guides, guide students, readers, and appreciate students; be friends, "discuss" with students; and coaches, provide guidance to students. Situational composition teaching changes from one-way lecture guidance to interactive communicative guidance, inspiring and promoting students' thinking development and cultivating students' creative abilities through mutual discussions and cooperation between teachers and students, and between students and students. The situational composition teaching model focuses on the harmonious development of composition and life, and provides students with a democratic and active classroom situation, allowing students to personally experience and experience the entire process of composition.