What negative effects did China's traditional ideology and culture have on China's backwardness in the modern world and the formation of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society?

Mainly Confucian culture. Since the formation of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, it has intensified the hierarchical division of society, imprisoned people's thoughts more seriously, and made people from all walks of life, especially farmers, content with the status quo and accept the rule of the ruling class. People's minds began to become rigid. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, stereotyped writing was used as a scholar. Those who did not study were confined to the ground, and those who studied were confined to the four books and five classics. The concept of absolute monarchy is deeply rooted in people's hearts as never before. At the same time, the traditional blind xenophobia of "preventing summer" and the blind arrogance of "de-China" are deeply rooted in the ideology of the ruling class, especially. Blindly arrogant and exclusive, we can't take the initiative to open our eyes to the world and communicate with it, and naturally we can't take the initiative to understand the world and conform to the world development trend; However, when it was invaded by foreign countries and forced to integrate into the world, it could not follow the trend and made changes, but stuck to stereotypes, which eventually led to the inferiority and pride of the ruling class in modern times, especially before Xinhai, and the oppressed class was insensitive.

These are some of my own ideas, listen to the opinions of other friends.