Italy's industrial triangle refers to the three cities?

Italy's old industrial base is mainly distributed in the northwest to Milan, Turin, Genoa is the most developed, is Italy's "industrial triangle", the country's economic center, the main industry to the traditional industry-based, automotive, shipbuilding, textiles, metallurgy, chemicals and other sectors. Italy's new industries are mainly located in the center and northeast. Here in the 1950s before, has been mainly agricultural economy, from the 1950s onwards, they make full use of the advantages of the location and domestic and foreign favorable conditions, the rapid development of new industrial areas. In order to distinguish from the traditional industrial areas in the northwestern part of the country and the southern part of the country, where industrialization has not yet become widespread, the new industrial areas in Italy are called the "Third Italy".

2. Development opportunities and conditions

Italy's new industrial zones, traditionally agriculture, tourism and light industrial production areas, loose industrial organization, backward equipment, handmade workshops. 70 years later, the traditional industries in the Northwest region was hit by the recession, and here, because of cheap labor, many small and medium-sized enterprises, and better social, cultural and educational environments, the formation of many highly specialized, internal and external industries, and the development of a new industrial zone. Many industrial districts consisting of small and medium-sized enterprises with strong specialization and close internal economic ties have been formed here, making the economy flourish.

Afterwards, due to the strong support of the government, the high degree of openness of the Italian economy, the substantial increase in the price of raw materials and energy in the 1970s, the development of the bank credit system and other conditions and opportunities (such as the textbook Figure 5.37), so that this place has rapidly developed into a new industrial zone.

The above main conditions for the development of Italy's new industrial zones, among them, the strong support of national policy is a prerequisite for a developed bank credit system and a high degree of openness of the domestic economy is the economic security, and raw materials and energy prices rose sharply, so that the new industry chose a low energy consumption, low-polluting light industry. The industries in the emerging industrial zones are precisely light industries and traditional light industries, mainly textiles, clothing, footwear, ceramics, woodworking machinery, food industry and automation equipment and other industries, which are scattered in numerous industrial zones.

3. Characteristics of emerging industrial zones

From the above analysis, then, it can be understood that it is compared with the traditional industrial zones, with obvious differences. In order to make it easier to understand, I list the following table to compare them (below).

Comparison between the new and traditional industrial zones in Italy

The new industrial zones

The traditional industrial zones

Scale of production

Small and medium-sized enterprises are dominant

Large-scale enterprises are dominant

Main sectors

Light industry

Heavy industry

Production processes

Decentralized

Production processes

Decentralization

Concentration

Concentration of capital

Low

High

Industrial distribution

Decentralization

Concentration

From the above table, the advantageous conditions for the development of the emerging industrial areas in Italy are evident.

4. Meaning and mode of industrial districts

Italy's new industrial districts are the unique development mode of industrial districts where small and medium-sized enterprises are concentrated.

In Italy, the industrial district is a specific concept, which refers to a region of small and medium-sized enterprises (production enterprises and production enterprises, production enterprises and non-production enterprises) to a business activity as the center, according to the needs of modern business, and gradually establish a mutual trust, a more solid collaborative relationship and production, supply and marketing system. It helps to strengthen specialization, improve production efficiency, reduce product costs, and enhance competitiveness in the domestic and international markets.

This industrial district, in Italy's new industrial areas scattered, such as textbook Figure 5.38 marked industrial district, which is only a small part of the many industrial districts here. Among them, Prato wool spinning industry district near the historic city of Florence, is one of Italy's many emerging industrial district, but also the country's largest textile industry center, where the textile industry, a long history of skill, in the international market is in a winning position, with Manchester (England), Lyon (France) and known as Europe's three major textile industry centers.