What are the routines of Chinese reading comprehension?

In the Chinese exam, the biggest score except composition is reading! ! Junior high school students' headache index for Chinese reading is no less than composition ~

If you want to improve your writing level, you can read a lot and collect a lot of materials, so that your writing level will not be too bad.

But reading is different. Reading should not only closely follow the meaning of the topic, but also pay attention to the routine of answering questions! The general reading questions are regular and framed. As long as it is not too far away from this answer frame, reading is also easy to score.

Below, the reading answering routines summarized by these special teachers almost cover the main questions of junior high school reading. It is not a problem to learn this and get full marks in reading!

First, the role of the beginning of the article

1, causing the following, paving the way for the following (narrative)

2, the opening point, put forward the center (central argument)

3. Use stories or allusions to lead to arguments or topics (explain the object) and arouse readers' interest in reading.

Second, the role of the end of the article.

1, deepen the center and sublimate feelings

2. Point to the end of the article and put forward the central or central argument.

3. Summarize the above, put forward an initiative and issue a call.

Third, the function of a sentence or a paragraph

1, the structural function is: always play the full text, cause the following, pave the way, pave the way, connect the preceding with the following (transition), take care of the preceding and the following, echo from beginning to end, summarize the full text, indicate the theme and promote the development of the plot.

2. The role of sentences in expressing feelings: rendering the atmosphere, setting off the characters (or feelings), pointing out the center (revealing the theme) and highlighting the theme (deepening the center).

In the argumentative essay:

(1) as a factual argument to prove the first (last) sentence, and then prove the central argument;

(2) Prove the first (last) sentence as a reason argument, and then prove the central argument;

(3) illustrates the word "before (after)" (indicating the characteristics of things)

Fourth, common writing methods and expression skills

Association, imagination, symbol, comparison, contrast, contrast, desire to promote first, suppress first and then promote, see the big from the small, express ambition with things, reason with things, express people with things, express things with things, express things with scenes, blend scenes with things, express things with things, use allusions, express one's thoughts directly, combine static and dynamic, and so on.

What do the verb "this" and "they" mean?

1, generally looking forward, will not exceed the first three sentences;

2. After finding it, read it in the sentence where the pronoun is located to see if it is appropriate.

Six, imitate writing sentences

1, topic First of all, parody should be consistent with the example sentences in the topic, so that the materials are close to the center and the examples are typical and reasonable.

2. sentence patterns. Parody sentences should be the same as example sentences. Sentences include declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, exclamatory sentences and so on.

3. Rhetoric. When imitating sentences, we should use the same rhetorical methods as example sentences, so we should carefully study the figures of speech used in example sentences.

4. structure The composition of parody sentences and modifiers should be consistent with the example sentences.

5. expression. Imitation sentences should be fluent in language, appropriate in words and concise.

6. color. The "color" here includes stylistic color and emotional color.

7, the number of words. For some parody questions, we should also pay attention to the fact that the number of words should be exactly the same as the example.

Seven, sentence feature evaluation words

Accurate, rigorous, vivid, vivid, easy to understand, concise, concise, infectious, rhythmic, euphemistic, meaningful, thought-provoking, profound, stimulating reading interest, thorough reasoning and convincing.

Eight, the answer to the question of word limit

1, complete and accurate statement according to the topic requirements (don't think too much about the number of words at this time);

2. Simplify according to the number of words: ① Remove irrelevant modifiers; ② Turn disyllabic words into monosyllabic words; ③ Use abbreviations (especially place names).

3. Read the sentences that match the meaning of the question and the number of words. Are there any language diseases? If there is, it must be revised. Make sentences concise, complete, smooth and clear.

Nine, write slogans

1, the sentence must be short and pithy;

2. You can use the following sentence patterns: imperative sentence, figurative sentence, parallelism sentence, antithesis sentence, antithesis sentence, or skillfully use famous sentences, proverbs, two-part allegorical sayings and other slight changes to adapt to the context.

Ten, sentence function, meaning analysis, sentence appreciation

1, this sentence uses the related words "although ... but not only" ... and ... "both of which are used to express the progressive relationship, and both of them are used to emphasize the latter.

2. The function of inverted sentences: it is often to emphasize the previous part (that is, to move to the front). For example, "I'm sorry, you're not good" means that the degree of "you're not good" is "I'm sorry". Another example is "bad, I think", which is to clearly emphasize that the author's evaluation of "Lei Feng Sunset Red" is "bad".

3. Evaluate and appreciate a sentence: We should start from two aspects, first evaluate the characteristics of writing and language, such as what rhetoric and expression are used, the language is vivid or beautiful or symmetrical or accurate and rigorous, or verbs and adjectives are used, and then evaluate the ideological connotation, that is, clarify what views this sentence expresses and what feelings, enlightenment and education it gives you. ...

4. The analysis of the meaning of a sentence can also start with the analysis of keywords, focusing on the meaning of keywords in a specific context.

5. When analyzing a sentence in an explanatory paragraph, it is important to accurately describe the content, the characteristics of the object and the characteristics of the language (accurate and vivid).

6. When analyzing a sentence in a narrative paragraph, it is important to recognize the specific atmosphere, the feelings expressed and the characteristics of the characters.

7. When analyzing the sentences in the argumentative paragraphs, we should correctly deduct the argument (or the central argument of the full text or the sub-argument of the paragraph) and the characteristics of the argumentative language.

8. Key sentences mainly include five aspects:

(1) indicates the theme of the sentence; 2 descriptive, argumentative and lyrical sentences; ③ Summarize the sentences of the full text; (4) Sentences that serve as a link between the preceding and the following (such as sentences that take care of each other and transitional sentences that serve as a link between the preceding and the following); ⑤ Sentences using various rhetorical devices.

Understanding key sentences is mainly to understand the thoughts and feelings expressed by sentences. At the same time, it is necessary to understand the functions, functions and characteristics of sentences in the text.

XI。 Contrastive analysis of sentences

Frequently asked questions: Can you change the original sentence into a new one? Or which is better, the original sentence or the modified sentence?

Answering methods and steps:

1, make a point (ok, which is better);

2. Analyze the advantages of the original sentence;

3. Analyze the shortcomings of sentence modification.

Write a title for the paragraph.

1. Look at the beginning, the end, the central sentence, the turning sentence, and the recurring sentence.

2. The language requirements are concise, generally about 6 words.

So many reading comprehension answering routines, can you know?

Learn at once, and you will get high marks in the final exam!

General principles for answering paragraph reading questions:

(1), read the topic first and then the article. When reading questions, pay attention to find out the "eye of the question" (that is, the key point to answer questions), and read the text with questions, so that reading has a clear goal.

(2) When reading an article, we should pay attention to grasping the main content and central meaning of the article as a whole.

(3) When preparing the answer, be sure to read the question carefully and find the "eye".

(4) When answering questions, the specific topics involve relevant paragraphs, and these paragraphs should be studied repeatedly; If the whole article is involved, you should read it again.

1, article genre: poetry, novel, prose (lyric prose, narrative prose), script, expository essay, argumentative essay.

2. Six narrative elements: time, place, people, events, causes, processes and results.

3. Prose type: (1) narrative prose (2) lyric prose.

4. Prose features: scattered in form but not scattered in spirit.

5. Novel types: novel, novella, short story and short story.

6. The three elements of the novel: characters, environment and plot (beginning, development, climax and ending).

7. Narrative expression: narration, discussion, lyricism, description and explanation.

8. Find the topic sentence: Find the argument and lyric sentence in the first or last paragraph.

9. Yan Wen: The title is "Yan Wen", the full text of the commander (news); Sometimes explain the main characters and story lines, and sometimes explain the main things and things (the symbolic meaning of "things"); Sometimes it's a clue.

10, material organization characteristics: tightly around the center; Select a typical event; Well-tailored; The details are appropriate.

1 1, hierarchical:

(1) Divide by time (find the phrase indicating time) (2) Divide by place (find the phrase indicating place)

(3) According to the development process of things (looking for events) (4) Total score (pinching the head and pinching the tail)

An article that focuses on writing:

(1) Analyze the occurrence and development of things according to time; (2) Analyze according to the place where things happen and develop;

(3) According to the development stage of things.

Articles are mainly written by people:

(1), according to the analysis of personality growth stage; (2) According to the different positions of the characters;

(3) Analyze people with different personality characteristics according to different situations; (4) According to the change of characters' feelings.

Articles focusing on scenery:

(1), according to the changes of the scene observed by the people, that is, the spatial change analysis;

(2), according to the change of different scenery at different times, that is, time change analysis.

12, narrative clues and functions:

Clues: (1) core people (2) core things (3) core events.

(4) Time (5) Place (6) The author's emotion

Function: It runs through the context of the full text, organically links the characters and events in the text, and makes the article coherent.

Answer procedure:

For example, the article uses the clue of "..." and the string structure of "sugar gourd" formed in the middle of "... |", with typical materials, clear context and distinct theme.

13. Write a title for the article: find the clue or center of the article.

(1) core figures (2) core things (3) core events (6) the author's emotions

14, order and function of narration:

(1) Time sequence (according to the sequence of events)

Function: The narrative has a beginning and an end, which is clear, clear and impressive to read.

(2) Flashback (write the results first, and then explain what happened before. )

Function: arouse suspense, attract readers, avoid dull narration and enhance the vividness of the article.

(3) insert (interrupt the clue when telling, and insert another related thing. )

Function: complement and set off the plot, enrich the image and highlight the center.

(4) Plain narration (omitted)

15, language features: (vivid, fresh and beautiful, concise, accurate and rigorous, incisive and profound, easy to understand, harmonious phonology, strong sense of rhythm, etc. )

Solution: The language of this article (naturally concise or vivid and beautiful) is "………………………………………………………………………………………………………………".

For example, the language of this article is beautiful and vivid, such as "making people worry and swim in it", "slapping the emotions deposited in their hearts" and "grasping the faint worries that you hold tightly in your hand". Exquisite brushwork, fresh and beautiful, full of poetry, leaving endless aftertaste. ("Summer quatrains")

Note: Choose from the following statements in combination with context and rhetorical methods. Be sure to choose the right words according to the specific content of the article.

Attachment: a simple and natural vocabulary of language appreciation;

(1), unpretentious (2), crystal clear, bright and flawless, picturesque.

(3), concise, halal and elegant, simple and natural (4), concise and magnificent language.

(5) Wash and practice the style of writing, with profound artistic conception. (6), the language is concise and lively, the rhythm is lively, catchy and pleasing to the ear.

(7), fluent, quiet and elegant (8), plain and clean language, elegant and fluent pen, simple and meaningful colors. ...

Vivid and beautiful language appreciation thesaurus;

(1), concise text and vivid description.

(2) The meticulous and vivid description makes the writing swaying and the theme prominent.

(3) Implicative and meaningful, chewy, thought-provoking and memorable.

(4), superb brushwork, nine songs, the beauty of painting, the rhyme of poetry.

(5) The turbulent and heroic air cushion, beautiful and meaningful painting style and steady and deep brushwork.

(6), flesh and blood, profound meaning, profound and touching language.

(7), splash a lot of ink, enjoy it (8), profound reasoning, heavy content.

(9) The language cushion is magnificent, concise and exciting (10), profound and vague, and intriguing.

(1 1), beautiful language, poetic and touching (12), ups and downs in writing, profound and meaningful. ...

16, writing skills and functions: (contrast, contrast, trying to promote first, skillfully setting suspense, seeing the big picture from the small, explaining the meaning at the beginning, reviving the spirit (that is, symbol), combining reason with reason, blending scenes and discussing ...)

Solution: This article uses the technique of "XX", and the author makes the article "XX".

Example: In this article, the author eulogized the heroic spirit and the spirit of unity and upward of the broad masses of soldiers and civilians who defended the motherland under the leadership of the Communist Party of China by praising the northern poplars, which made the article implicit and full of emotion, and the author's praise was expressed incisively and vividly.

(1) personification: endow things with human character, thoughts, feelings and actions, personify things, and thus achieve vivid images.

(2) Metaphor: describe things vividly and concisely, and explain the truth.

(3) exaggeration: highlighting the characteristics of people or things, revealing the essence, and giving readers a clear and strong impression.

(4) Symbolism: giving specific meaning to the things described and expressing emotions ... enhances the expressive force of the article.

(5) Contrast technique: Through comparison, highlight the characteristics of things and better express the theme of the article.

(6) Setting off (side setting off) technique: setting off the main person or thing with the secondary person or thing, highlighting the characteristics, personality, thoughts and feelings of the main person or thing. Set off, the same kind of things set off is "positive contrast", while the opposite things set off is "negative contrast"; Second only to the Lord.

(7) Irony: Use metaphor, exaggeration and other means and methods to expose, criticize and ridicule people or things, strengthen profundity and criticism, and make the language spicy and humorous.

(8) If you want to promote, you should suppress first: first belittle and then praise the object described, contrast the context, highlight the object written, and receive unexpected and touching results.

(9) Before and after care (echo from beginning to end): make the plot complete, the structure rigorous and the center prominent.