Interesting folk customs in Shandong

Shandong folk customs have a long history and have been handed down from generation to generation. According to historical records, folklore and archaeological excavations, as early as

In the Neolithic Age, there were a large number of folk customs in Shandong that reflected Dongyi culture, such as eating utensils, costumes, makeup and so on.

Ornaments, production tools, adult etiquette, marriage forms, tomb types, totem worship, mountain people's beliefs, etc. , show all.

Show the characteristics of Shandong folk customs in prehistoric times.

During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, especially after Qilu feudalism, there was a situation of different customs in Shandong, but it was different from Confucius.

The formation of Mencius' theory gradually established the overall image of Qilu's state of etiquette. Since then, with "ceremony" as the core.

Shandong folk customs are in a dominant position in the whole feudal society, and "the wind is close to Zou Lu" is often regarded as the evaluation of local folk customs.

Today, the standard of "Chinese Academy of Sciences" still has an impact on China and even the world.

The differences of Qilu folk customs in history have profoundly influenced the regional differences and complexity of Shandong folk customs.

This historical fact strongly shows that the formation and evolution of folk customs are related to politics, economy and culture in a certain era.

The situation is closely related, and the related situation often varies from place to place. Rule qi, take is "because.

Its custom and etiquette policy, so the customs of Qi inherited the cultural tradition of Dongyi and were less bound by the etiquette system.

This is more like a commodity economy, which acts in a way that benefits workers and respects virtues and advantages. Lu custom tried to replace the original one.

And some cultural traditions based on restraining the end, worshiping ceremony and emphasizing education are more natural and economical. Qilu style is like

On the other hand, the tradition from Dongyi culture regards propriety and righteousness as the core of folk thought and behavior.

The differences between Qi and Lu in ways and means cannot change this foundation.

Consistency of this content. Confucianism, which rose in this period, had a great influence on Shandong, including folk customs.

Culture has played a great role in regulating. Confucius' so-called "changing Lu and Tao" is for this.

The basic survey of Shandong folk culture in this period.

After the unification of Qin and Han Dynasties, especially after Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty "respected Confucianism alone", Confucianism between Confucius and Mencius became a tradition in China.

As the mainstream of culture, Shandong folk customs are further unified within the framework of Confucianism and form traditions.

In the meantime, although several dynasties have changed and national cultures have merged, the folk cultural traditions with etiquette as the core have been merged.

There is no big change. In modern times, with the decline of feudal society and the influence of western culture, Shandong folk customs began to appear.

Generation evolution. After the May 4th Movement, especially after the beginning of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Shandong Revolutionary Base was established.

A generation of new customs can be produced and developed, such as the spring breeze blowing all over Shandong, which deeply affects all aspects of people's lives.

The mass cultural performance of Spring Festival in Yimeng mountain area still follows the tradition of revolutionary base areas, and even calls it celebration.

In 2008, the custom of women being "literacy classes" was the same as that of that year.

In the early days of the founding of New China, under the leadership of the Party and the people's government, the broad masses of the people made innovations and established a new style.

The new fashion has gradually formed, which has effectively promoted the economic and social development of Shandong. 1978 clock * * * Eleventh No.3 Middle School

After the plenary session, under the new situation of reform and opening up, Shandong's economic and social life is changing with each passing day.

New folk customs emerge one after another with a strong flavor of the times. At the same time, the party and the people's government pay attention to society again.

Some feudal bad habits were burned, and various measures were taken to purify the social environment, which achieved good results.

Shandong folk customs are influenced by various conditions, showing their own diversity and regionality. Shandong hinterland economy

South, Qingzhou, Tai 'an and Yanzhou have always been political, economic and cultural centers, and the four places have had formal businesses since ancient times.

Chang yi has six rites, a regular festival at the age of eighteen, and a regular system of food, clothing, housing and transportation. Its folk inheritance is of typical significance to the surrounding areas.

It can be regarded as a representative of Shandong folk customs. Qufu and Zoucheng in this area are the hometown of Confucius and Mencius, and Taian is the first of the five mountains.

The characteristics of mountains and folk customs are particularly remarkable. The custom of Confucius and Mencius family not only affects the local area, but also reaches home and abroad. Confucian

Family customs, ancestor worship, weddings and funerals, New Year customs, food, clothing, housing and transportation are all typical family customs.

Mount Tai is a place where emperors closed their shrines, a mountain where people worship and a living standard for studying folk beliefs.

This library is also a hot spot to develop folk tourism resources.

In the eastern coastal areas, the customs of fishing and going out to do business are the most prominent. The fishing village is famous for its sunshine, Rongcheng and Pumbaa.

Lai, Long Island and other places are the most typical. Residents in coastal areas of Penglai, Longkou (Huangxian) and Laizhou (Yexian) are in accordance with "

The tradition of "seeking profits from people" and the custom of going out to do business have never weakened. The "buying and selling" of Peng, Huang and Yi is not only in

Northeast China has a great influence, and Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai have also seen their footprints.

Yimeng Mountain area in the southeast of Shandong Province is an area with early origin of ancient culture, which has both mountain characteristics and more traditional folk customs. New China established a series of good customs and habits formed during War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Liberation War.

Later, it developed further.

Southwest Shandong and northwest Shandong are alluvial plains of the Yellow River, and folk customs are closely related to the ancient Yellow River.

Features. Its traditional opera, music and dance, and folk arts and crafts (such as paper-cutting and embroidery) have all gone to the whole country.

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Shandong's urban folklore can also form a series independently, including various types. Jinan is a thousand-year-old city.

Old streets, time-honored brands and ancient styles can be seen everywhere. Spring city and lake city, the style of Jiangnan in the north is

The world is unique. Qingdao is a new city that has sprung up in the past 100 years, and the atmosphere of modern cities is the strongest.

The development of Yantai city, from guarding the city in Ming Dynasty to gradually bringing the surrounding villages into the urban area in modern times, is the most effective.

It presents the characteristics of urban and rural integration and coexistence of soil and ocean.

One side's local products and special skills often lead to local unique customs and habits, which are formed by specialty products.

For example, Yantai is called the hometown of apples, Laiyang is the hometown of pears, Feicheng is the hometown of peaches, and Dezhou and Changle are the hometown of watermelons, Leling,

Wudi is the hometown of jujube, Zhangqiu is the hometown of green onion, Cangshan is the hometown of garlic, Heze is the hometown of peony, and Laizhou is the hometown of rose.

Hometown, Pingyin is the hometown of roses, and Pingyi is the hometown of honeysuckle. All of them have formed folk activities related to local specialties.

Customs are formed by special skills, such as brewing and selling in Cangshan Lanling Town, Anqiu Jingzhi Town and jimo city.

Drinking custom, ancient custom of making Ejiao in Dong 'e, Yanggu and Pingyin, stocking tussah in Qixia, Mu Ping and Rushan,

In Changyi, Boxing and Linyi, the customs of weaving cocoon silk, eating silkworm chrysalis and eating silkworm moths, printing blue calico and wearing blue calico,

The custom of printing, wearing and using colored printed cloth in Jiaxiang and other places, Weifang, Pingdu, Gaomi and Yanggu Zhangqiu Town,

Qinghe town in Liaocheng and Huimin, Niejiazhuang in Gaomi and Chuzhuang in Linyi,

Clay sculpture artists from Cangshan, Huimin Zhang, Huohuoli and Shenxian in Henan Province come from local customs, Tancheng and Mao.

The artistic customs of the Liu family in Liu Cheng, the regular sculptor in Qufu and the dough sculptor in Heze.

In terms of customs, such as carving fruit molds, the popular fruit mold customs in Jimo, Jiaonan and Fushan all have strong regional characteristics.

From ancient times to the present, Shandong folk culture has occurred constantly between regions because of immigration, transportation and going out to seek grades.

The exchange between the two countries is manifested in the evolution of folk customs, which has formed a trend of both absorption and openness.

The folk culture brought by immigrants has a far-reaching influence on Shandong folk customs. In the early Ming Dynasty, the "immigration to expand the countryside" was promoted.

At that time, many counties in Shandong were listed as "wide townships", and a large number of immigrants came to Yongle from Hongwu.

Sophora japonica in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province was moved to Dezhou, Binzhou, Liaocheng, Tai 'an, Heze and Jining in Shandong Province, one of them.

Some of them have moved eastward from Binzhou. In this way, Shanxi immigrants are almost all over Shandong. "Ask me where my ancestors are.

Place? The ballad "Sophora japonica in Hongdong, Shanxi" has been circulated in Shandong for more than twenty generations. Shanxi customs affect mountains.

Traces of oriental residents still exist, such as the Cold Food Festival, which is said to commemorate the loyal ministers of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Noodles cooked by the people at the Cold Food Festival are also called "Zituiyan". Most of the residents in several counties in the northwest of Shandong Province come from Zhili (

Today, there are immigrants from Zaoqiang County, Hebei Province, and there are also popular songs: "Where is my hometown?" Zhili province

Zaoqiang county. "Where they live, folk artworks such as New Year pictures and clay toys are still close to the style of Zaoqiang.

In the early Ming Dynasty, immigrants from Sichuan to Shandong were mostly concentrated in Laizhou, so the customs of Laizhou were different from those of its eastern neighbors.

Fang. Lijin County and Kenli County near the Yellow River Estuary have experienced several official arrangements and private initiatives in modern times.

Immigration, here we can see all kinds of phenomena that immigrants make folk culture blend with each other. Kenli was originally designed for the benefit of Tianjin and the analysis of land.

Home, almost all of its land has been brought by the sediment deposition of the Yellow River in the past hundred years. Lijin people call it "reclamation land".

Dawa ",known as Kenliwa after reclamation, is located around Kenli County today, with the same customs as Lijin; county

In the northeast of the city, most of the pioneers came from Shouguang and Guangrao, and Shouguang was the most, and the customs were similar to Shouguang. Near the Yellow River estuary.

Department 1935 was officially transferred from Dongping, Liangshan, Pingyin, Yanggu and other places to the base areas where the victims lived after the flood.

Ben preserved the customs of southwest Shandong. In the 1960s, with the development of Shengli Oilfield, tens of thousands of workers came to the Yellow River estuary with their families.

Dongying City is built in Dongying Village, and oil workers are most concentrated in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Northeast China.

As a result, Dongying has become a place where customs and local customs coexist in northeast Sichuan and Shaanxi.

Wharf towns along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal flourished in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Dezhou and Yulin in Shandong Province.

Qing, Dongchang (now Liaocheng), Zhangqiu, Da 'anshan, Jining, Nanyang, Taierzhuang, etc. , by the north-south water transport, wind

Customs and habits are different from other places in Shandong. Most of these towns have a bamboo lane, which is only available in Jiangnan.

Bamboo weaving shop; The teahouse is located on the street, and the pavement pattern and tea selling custom are roughly the same as those of Jiangnan teahouse.

The Yutang Sauce Garden in Jining was moved from Suzhou along the canal, and its products have maintained the flavor of the south of the Yangtze River, and it still uses "Gusu".

The signboard of the old shop. Hada weaving in Linqing flourished because lamas went to Beijing along the canal. The habit of marriage between Jiangnan and toilet

This custom is popular in some villages along the Dongchang Canal.

A typical example of the folk cultural exchange brought about by going out to find a job is when Shandong people went to Kanto in history. Shandong people

There are roughly two different types of Xia Guandong: one is that the family moved to the northeast countryside and forest areas, which has the nature of fleeing famine and is vulgar.

"Forced to go to Kanto"; One is that his hometown is in Shandong, but he has been doing business in the northeast for most of his life, commonly known as "Jutian"

. They brought the customs of Shandong to the northeast and back to Shandong. Long-term exchanges have made the two places successful.

There are many similarities in folk culture, especially some folk stories with the same content, such as Lao Li's Bald Tail.

Stories and ginseng stories are also widely circulated in Shandong and Northeast China. Shandong customs are influenced by the northeast, especially Jiaodong.

Stand out. The hometown of Manchu in Changbai Mountain has the custom of steaming lanterns with bean flour, among which there is a warehouse-shaped lantern, commonly known as "Cangdun".

For the "moon", observe the water vapor in the "moon" when steaming the lamp and predict the flood and drought disasters in the next few months. This custom is almost lost in Changbai Mountain area.

Pass, but in Rongcheng, Wendeng folk inherited it.

Folklore research in Shandong started earlier and achieved fruitful results. During the May 4th Movement, Peking University founded Ballad.

At that time, some people in Shandong responded by collecting dozens of Shandong folk songs and publishing them in the form of ballads.

In 1930s, some people collected and published books such as Shandong Folk Children's Games. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation

Suddenly, the soldiers and civilians in the revolutionary base areas used various forms of folk literature and art to create many works that the masses loved.

Used to stimulate the revolutionary enthusiasm of the military and civilians, it became a trend for a while.