How to transform traditional road transport enterprises into modern third parties

Under the background of increasingly fierce competition and detailed social division of labor, the transformation of traditional road transport enterprises into modern third-party logistics enterprises is the general trend. In order to encourage the development of logistics industry, in recent years, the central government and all provinces and cities have issued plans and policies on the development of logistics industry, which has brought new opportunities for the transformation and upgrading of traditional road transport enterprises. How to seize the opportunity to achieve a successful transformation is a common task faced by traditional road transport enterprises. This paper throws a brick to attract jade and talks about some superficial understanding. I. Definition and main features of modern third-party logistics (I) Definition: The national standard "Logistics Terminology" defines third-party logistics as "a business model in which logistics services are provided by logistics enterprises other than the supply and demand sides." This is a broad industry definition, and its business functions include transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, handling, packaging, distribution processing, distribution and information processing. Modern third-party logistics enterprises in a narrow sense refer to operating entities engaged in this logistics industry. The modern third-party logistics industry is not a continuation of the traditional transportation industry, but a new cross-industry, cross-industry, cross-regional and high-permeability composite industry. (2) Main features: 1, contractual relationship. The standardization of business relationship between logistics operators and logistics consumers and the division of responsibilities and rights among logistics alliance participants are all realized through contracts. 2. Service differentiation. For third-party logistics enterprises, on the one hand, they should provide different logistics services and value-added services according to the consumption needs of different logistics consumers, on the other hand, they should form their own service characteristics according to the needs of market competition. 3. Information network. Informatization is the life of the third party logistics. The application degree of information technology directly affects the efficiency and benefit of logistics. 4. Functional specialization. From logistics design, logistics operation process, logistics technical tools, logistics facilities to logistics management, it is necessary to reflect the level of specialization, which is not only the demand of logistics consumers, but also the basic requirement of the development of third-party logistics itself. 5. Systematic management. The third party logistics needs to establish a modern management system to meet the basic requirements of operation and development. Second, the purpose and basic conditions of transformation (1) Purpose: Road freight enterprises are transforming into modern logistics industry for the purpose of seeking their own survival and development. Freight transport enterprises with good business performance, based on the huge demand of logistics market, hope to seek greater development and obtain greater profits through the transformation to logistics enterprises. Freight enterprises with difficulties in operation hope to bring about a turning point for their survival and development through transformation. The transformation of traditional road freight enterprises to the third-party logistics industry is only one way. Applying the service concept, operation mode and management mode of modern logistics can improve the service level of enterprises and realize sound, fast and sustainable development. (2) Basic conditions: The third-party logistics industry is both an industry and a system, with large investment, high risk and wide coverage. Not all traditional road transport enterprises can adapt to the general trend unconditionally, and in order to avoid blindness, the transformation needs certain conditions. For relatively small-scale enterprises, we can consider doing fine and excellent in advantageous projects, and then consider transformation after accumulating certain energy and strength. The transformation of traditional backbone road transport enterprises also needs to meet or basically meet the following conditions: 1, enterprise management has modern logistics concept. 2. Have a certain corporate culture foundation and a strong work team. 3. Have a certain foundation of modern logistics facilities and strong ability of resource integration. 4. Have a preliminary logistics information management system. The enterprise has a stable customer base and a certain market share. 6. The enterprise has good transportation service quality and market reputation. Three. Basic Countermeasures for Transformation According to the principle of "market allocates resources and government creates environment" defined in "National Logistics Industry Adjustment and Revitalization Plan" and "Shandong Logistics Industry Revitalization and Development Plan", traditional road transport enterprises, especially large-scale backbone transport enterprises, should closely combine the enterprise and local reality, conduct in-depth investigation and study on enterprise transformation under the guidance of the government, scientifically and accurately locate and formulate systematic transformation plans. On this basis, we should focus on planning and guiding, perfecting logistics infrastructure, establishing regional logistics network, perfecting logistics service function, building logistics public information platform, improving logistics resource integration ability, introducing and cultivating logistics professionals, striving for government support policies and actively creating a good logistics development environment, and so on. (A) to break the traditional thinking and establish a new concept of modern logistics. With the rapid development of China's market economy, the influence of modern logistics industry on road freight is increasing, and the survival and development of traditional road freight enterprises are facing severe challenges. Therefore, traditional road freight enterprises should effectively change the traditional development thinking with increasing transport capacity and investment as the main line, take the implementation of Shandong Logistics Revitalization Development Plan as an opportunity, aim at realizing the transformation to modern third-party logistics industry, establish the concept of modern logistics service, introduce the operation mode, management mode and organization form of modern logistics industry, promote the service innovation, management innovation and mechanism innovation of traditional freight enterprises, and ensure the sustained, rapid and healthy development of enterprises. (2) Formulate a transformation plan to provide intellectual support for transformation and development. Transformation planning is a programmatic document that guides the development direction of enterprises, defines the business areas of enterprises, guides the allocation of resources of enterprises, and points out the development strategies and measures of enterprises. Making a transformation plan is the first step of traditional freight transformation. Insist on planning first, and you can avoid detours. Planning should grasp the basic principles of "market demand-oriented, featuring modern logistics, advanced planning, phased implementation and overall promotion", comprehensively define the strategic objectives, overall ideas and specific measures of enterprise transformation, and pay attention to continuous improvement and perfection in combination with reality in implementation. (3) Improve infrastructure and provide hardware support for transformation and development. Compared with traditional freight transportation, modern logistics has more perfect service function, higher standardization and process degree, which naturally puts forward higher requirements for infrastructure. There are two main aspects to improve infrastructure and expand service functions: First, scientifically lay out and establish logistics service nodes such as logistics parks, logistics centers, storage centers, stowage centers and distribution centers according to the logistics development and enterprise logistics business coverage in this region. Second, according to the business needs of enterprise logistics nodes, improve the node infrastructure, expand and improve the service functions such as transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, handling, packaging, distribution processing, distribution and information processing, and provide more services to customers. (4) Establish business network to provide network support for transformation and development. After years of development, most traditional road transport enterprises have formed obvious comparative competitive advantages in this region. One of the key tasks in the transformation to a modern third-party logistics enterprise is to build a regional logistics network according to the standards of modern logistics, keep the base camp well, build a three-level network of cities, counties and townships, and build a strong fighting fortress for the external expansion of enterprise logistics business. In this respect: First, expand business extensively, and strive to establish business relations with enterprises with large logistics business needs in the region, form strategic cooperation alliances, and provide business support for the construction of regional logistics networks. Second, it is necessary to improve the logistics loading and distribution capacity in the region, and connect the outlets in the region through logistics business to form a three-level logistics network of counties, cities and townships with sites as nodes and businesses as support. Third, strengthen cooperation with other modes of transportation, such as railways, and improve the comprehensive transportation capacity of enterprise areas. (V) Building a logistics information platform to provide information support for transformation and development. Traditional logistics can only be called modern logistics if it is integrated with information technology. Informatization of logistics enterprises is the core of modern logistics enterprises, and it is the inevitable requirement and cornerstone of the development of modern logistics enterprises. In order to realize the transformation from traditional road transport enterprises to modern third-party logistics, we must first implement enterprise information transformation and establish three information platforms, namely, logistics e-commerce service platform, enterprise logistics management public information platform and logistics transportation distribution management information platform. Logistics information platform should include policies and regulations, infrastructure distribution, supply and demand information, price information, transportation information, warehousing information, distribution and processing service information, etc. , so as to facilitate customers' rapid, safe, accurate and low-cost information sharing and business collaboration, realize a high degree of integration of information resources, and realize the combination of business flow, vehicle flow and information flow. (6) Accelerate the construction of professional teams and provide talent support for the transformation and development of logistics. Modern logistics industry is a new technology-intensive industry. Traditional road transport enterprises are backward in logistics education, lack of professional knowledge of logistics theory and lack of compound talents, which is far from the requirements of modern logistics. Therefore, logistics enterprises should take the cultivation of logistics professionals as the key to the successful transformation to modern logistics. In view of the lack of modern logistics talents, the following measures can be taken to speed up the introduction and training of talents: first, strengthen the training of existing logistics service employees in enterprises and gradually improve the overall quality; The second is to establish a system of holding certificates for logistics practitioners and encourage employees to apply for assistant logistics division, logistics division and senior logistics division; Third, introduce multi-level and compound logistics talents from junior college to graduate students in a planned way; Fourth, regularly send key technicians to study in universities or large logistics enterprises at home and abroad; Fifth, create a good environment for talent growth from the aspects of salary, system and mechanism. (5) Implement business process reengineering and gradually move towards modern logistics. The basic mode of business transformation from road freight enterprises to third-party logistics enterprises: relying on the main customers of enterprises, according to the logistics service requirements and standards of entrusted enterprises, transforming the structure and functions of existing transportation assets, implementing business process reengineering, and providing specialized logistics services for specific manufacturing or specific types of circulating goods. Business process reengineering generally has three situations: one is to extend downstream of the supply chain, that is, to provide logistics services in the manufacturer's product sales channels; The second is to extend upward along the supply chain, that is, to provide logistics services within the manufacturer's material supply channels; The third is the logistics service contract of the factory, that is, forming a strategic development alliance with manufacturing enterprises. Except for the production link of the manufacturer's products in the workshop, the rest of the logistics services are uniformly undertaken by the logistics service enterprises. (VI) Do a good job in integrating internal and external resources to build a logistics industry chain. Traditional road transport enterprises have accumulated rich resources in vehicles, stations, equipment, talents, network, reputation, management system and mechanism, and have certain basic conditions for the transformation to modern logistics. However, due to the single restriction of traditional freight business, these resources are generally scattered and lack of systematicness. Therefore, according to the diversified logistics needs of customers and the development trend of modern logistics, we should pay attention to exerting our own advantages and conditions, and integrate internal and external logistics resources through introduction, subcontracting, cooperation and alliance to build a modern logistics industry chain. (7) Innovate the business model and realize a smooth transition. In today's market economy and global integration, the single business model with commodity distribution as the main line can no longer meet the objective requirements of enterprises' leap-forward development. Especially in recent years, due to the dual impact of the financial crisis and fuel tax reform, road freight enterprises generally have difficulties in operation. At present, we are faced with the dual tasks of invigorating management, ensuring stability and transforming development. Therefore, we should do a good job in market analysis, identify the target market, innovate the business model and implement key breakthroughs in line with the guiding ideology of invigorating first and then transforming. It is necessary to give full play to the existing and potential business advantages and conditions, focus on expanding the business of package factory transportation, bulk supply, special line transportation, distribution and stowage transportation, and upgrade it to modern logistics in an orderly manner. Actively explore the integration of transportation and trade and the management of automobile trade to achieve new development. At the same time, in addition to focusing on the development of urban logistics, in view of the rural logistics market with broad market space, we should give full play to the advantages of enterprise networking, do a good job in exporting agricultural products, and achieve a win-win situation for agriculture and enterprises. Iv. Issues needing attention (1) In the transformation decision, in the words of Liu Chuanzhi, it is "three don't do", that is, "don't do things that make money, don't do things that make money but can't afford to invest, and don't do things that make money but can't afford to invest." (B) to achieve the "four breakthroughs" in concept change. First, break through a single transportation link and build a third-party logistics service supply chain including transportation; Second: break through the traditional "I-oriented" transportation service orientation and become customer-oriented, and I will provide whatever services customers need; Third: break through the concept of self-survival and development, become strategic partners with customers, and achieve long-term win-win development. Fourth, break through the transformation from extensive management to intensive management. (3) Clarify the "five principles" in the transformation countermeasures. First, adhere to the principle of "invigorating first, then transforming"; The second is the principle of "adapting measures to local conditions and enterprises"; The third is the principle of "do it first, then become stronger and bigger", and the fourth is the principle of "first in the area, then outside the area, step by step". The fifth is the principle of "self-tapping potential and learning from advanced enterprises". (4) Grasp the "Four Clarities" on the issue of transformation. First, clarify the orientation of transformation and the starting point of operation, and highlight the key points of operation; Second, make clear its own characteristics and status quo, and find a breakthrough under the premise of consolidating existing operations; Third, define internal and external policies and actively seek policy support and government support; Fourth, clear the transformation plan, do a good job in investment and return, self-construction and cooperation. (5) Strengthen the transformation direction of "three-in-one". "Third-rate" means logistics, business flow, information flow and capital flow. Modern logistics is neither a simple logistics form nor a general commodity distribution. The combination of "three streams" is an important direction of modern logistics development, and it is also the only way for traditional road transport enterprises to enhance their operating ability, promote modern logistics and improve efficiency. If we focus on logistics, information and settlement, the road of modern logistics will only get narrower and narrower, and the business volume will become smaller and smaller. (six) to avoid the "lose-lose" in the investment transformation.