What are the characteristics of ancient Chinese agriculture?

(1) From the point of view of the time of formation: early origin, independent development, self-contained system

(2) From the point of view of the economic composition, China's ancient agricultural economy is characterized by planting-based, supplemented by family rearing.

(3) From the point of view of the development of productive forces, the borrowing of oxen for plowing and the continuous improvement of production tools and production technology, which led to the increasing perfection of the agricultural production mode of intensive cultivation, was one of the characteristics of the ancient Chinese agricultural economy.

(4) From the point of view of the mode of production, the natural economy of self-sufficiency, combining agriculture and cottage industry with the family as a unit, was the basic mode of agricultural production in feudal China. This "men plowing and weaving" type of small peasant economy is another characteristic of China's ancient agricultural economy.

(5) From the point of view of land ownership, the private land ownership system dominated by landlords is also a feature of China's ancient agricultural economy

(6) The degree of commercialization of agricultural products gradually increased. Before the Tang Dynasty, the trend of commercialization of agricultural products was not obvious. During the Tang Dynasty, tea became a necessity of life. In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the government began to collect tea tax, which is typical of the commercialization of agricultural products. During the Yuan Dynasty, cotton cultivation spread throughout the south, and the Ming Dynasty has been pushed to the north of the river. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the planting area of cotton, sericulture, tea, tobacco, flowers, oilseeds, medicinal herbs and other cash crops expanded, forming a number of specialized production areas. Agricultural commercialization directly promote the development of commodity economy.