Development Status of Modern Logistics Industry in China

Macro situation: the total value of social logistics has increased substantially. In 2003, the total value of social logistics in China reached 29,543.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27% (at current prices), which was significantly higher than the growth rate of GDP in the same period. Among them, the total logistics value of industrial products was 2,495.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 26.8%; The total logistics value of agricultural products 1 126 1 100 million yuan, up by 2.5% year-on-year; The total logistics value of imported goods was 3.4/kloc-0.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 40%; The total logistics value of renewable resources was 27.8 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of18.3%; The total value of postal logistics was 654.38+03.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.2%. The proportion of total social logistics expenses to GDP continues to decline, but the proportion is still high. In 2003, the total cost of social logistics in China was 2,497.4 billion yuan, up 13.6% year-on-year, which was lower than the growth rate of the total logistics value of 27.5% in the same period. Among them, the transportation cost was 65.438+04.028 billion yuan, up 654.38+056.5438+0% year-on-year; The storage cost was 737.6 billion yuan, up151%year on year; The management cost was 357 billion yuan, up 7.3% year-on-year, and the proportion of the total social logistics cost to the total social logistics value was declining. In 2003, the total cost of social logistics accounted for 8.4% of the total value of social logistics, which was 1. 1 percentage point lower than that in 2002. This shows that the total benefit of social logistics in China is constantly improving.

According to the proportional relationship between the total cost of social logistics and GDP, the total cost of social logistics in 199 1 year is equivalent to 24% of GDP, and it dropped to 2 1.4% in 2003, which is more than 1 times higher than that in developed countries such as the United States and Japan [3]. According to statistics, at present, China's general industrial products are loaded and unloaded from factories. The circulation cost in the hands of the final consumer accounts for about 50% of the commodity price. The consumption of these costs and a large amount of inventory have left a huge space for the development of logistics [4]. At present, the important factors to promote the development of logistics industry in China are:

China's national economy has generally maintained a healthy and stable growth momentum;

Increasing foreign direct investment and foreign investors' strong desire for logistics service outsourcing;

The huge growth potential of logistics industry;

In terms of policy, China government resolutely encourages the development of logistics market;

The proportion of China enterprises outsourcing transportation and warehousing functions is increasing.

Compared with the logistics industry in developed countries, China's logistics industry is still in the primary stage of development, and its main features are:

(1) Enterprise logistics is still the focus of logistics activities in the whole society, and the demand for specialized logistics services has begun to take shape. In recent years, with the formation of buyer's market, enterprises have begun to have a deep understanding of the "third profit source" existing in the logistics field. Optimizing internal logistics management and reducing logistics costs have become the strongest desire and requirement of most domestic enterprises. This shows that the development level of logistics activities in China is still relatively low, and strengthening the internal logistics management activities of enterprises is still the focus of logistics activities in the whole society.

At the same time, the demand for specialized logistics services came into being, and the development momentum was extremely rapid. One is the huge demand of multinational companies for efficient and specialized logistics services in the process of production and operation activities, sales activities, distribution activities and procurement activities in China, which is a very important market foundation for promoting the development of logistics industry in China; The second is the demand of domestic superior enterprises for specialized logistics services.

(2) Specialized logistics enterprises began to appear, and diversified logistics services developed to a certain extent. In recent years, many logistics enterprises in China's economy are mainly composed of three parts:

First, international logistics enterprises. On the one hand, these international logistics companies provide extended logistics services for their original customers-multinational companies to enter the China market; On the other hand, it provides services for the specialized logistics service demand that is emerging in China market.

The second is a logistics enterprise transformed from traditional transportation, storage and transportation and wholesale trade enterprises. Relying on the original logistics business foundation and advantages in customers, facilities and business network, they gradually transformed into modern logistics enterprises by continuously expanding and extending logistics services.

Third, emerging specialized logistics enterprises. Relying on advanced business philosophy, diversified service means and scientific management mode, these enterprises have won the market position in the competition and become a force to be reckoned with in the development of logistics industry in China.