What are the great musicians of China

Confucius: A famous educator and musician during the Spring and Autumn Period. In about 481 BC, he composed a zither piece called "Zuogao" (陬操), which was a tribute to the two great sages who were killed by Zhao Jianzi (趙簡子). It is said that the surviving zither pieces "Turtle Mountain Exercise", "Getting Lin Exercise" and "Yilan Exercise" are all the works of Confucius.

Beiya: a qin master in the Spring and Autumn Period. Xunzi - persuade learning" has "Bo Ya drums the qin, and six horses to feed" said, can be seen that his qin skill is very high. It is rumored that his representative works include "Narcissus Exercise" and "High Mountains and Flowing Water".

Shikuang: A musician of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period. He was blind, but he had a keen sense of hearing and was very accurate in recognizing music. His representative works include "White Snow" and "Xuanmo".

Yongmen Zhou: a qin master of the Warring States period. He was good at playing the zither, and he played the zither for Lord Meng Chang. Later generations said he was the first to invent the zither score.

Li Yannian: court musician of the Han Dynasty. He served as the Concertmaster of the Ministry of Music. His representative works include 28 new tunes based on the "Moco Dulle" brought back by Zhang Qian from the Western Regions, which was used as military music for ceremonial use.

Huan Tan: a qin master of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Huan Tan: a qin master of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Huan Tan wrote the "New Treatise", which often discusses music. He also wrote "The Way of the Qin", which introduces things about the qin and its music.

Cai Yong: a qin writer at the end of the Han Dynasty. He composed the famous "Cai's Five Songs", including "Spring Tour", "Strain of Water", "Pensive Thoughts", "Sitting in Sadness", and "Autumn Thoughts". The extant works "Autumn Moon Shining on the Pavilion" and "Thinking of Friends in the Mountain" are also said to be his works.

Cai Yan: a female zither player at the end of the Han Dynasty, her name was Wen Ji, daughter of Cai Yong. At the end of the Han Dynasty, she was taken into captivity in Hu, and was ransomed by Cao Cao twelve years later. The zither compositions showing this theme are "Big Hu Jia", "Small Hu Jia", "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia", etc. These are often regarded as her compositions. These are often regarded as her works.

Jikang: a zither player, writer and thinker at the end of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. He was very learned, good at writing poems, fugue and literature, loved music and was good at playing zither, famous for playing "Guangling San". His representative works include "Sound Without Mourning and Music Theory" and "Zither Fugue", which are detailed and vivid depictions of music and zither playing method and expressive power.

Ruan Ji (阮籍): a famous scholar of the Wei and Jin dynasties, one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. He was a master of the zither. The extant zither piece "Wine Madness" is said to be his work. There is a music treatise "Music Theory" passed down.

Ruan Xian (阮咸)：one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. The zither piece "Three Gorges and Flowing Spring" is rumored to be his work.

Liu Kun: a zither player in Jin Dynasty. He composed the zither piece "Five Pieces of Barbarian Pipe", including "Denglong", "Looking at Qin", "Bamboo Glorious Wind", "Mourning Pine Dew", "Sorrowful Han Moon", which is the earliest piece of zither compiled with the sound of barbarian pipe.

Su Lopa: a court musician in the North and South Dynasties. She was good at playing the Hu Pipa, and her family had passed down the Guzi music system of "five dan and seven voices". Her music theory has contributed to the establishment and development of the ancient Gongtong system in China.

He Ruobi: a qin master in Sui Dynasty. He composed the music of "Shi Bo Jin", "Qing Night Chant", and "No Exchange of Jade", etc. In the "Xilutang Qin System", he wrote a series of music pieces. He Ruobi composed "Shi Bojin" and "Buyuyu", etc. The "Qingyi yin" is in the "Xilutang qin tutelary".

Wan Baochang: A musician of Sui Dynasty, he was good at playing many kinds of instruments. His representative works include "Music Score".

Zhao Yeli: a qin master of the early Tang Dynasty. He was the best zither player in the world. He had organized "Cai's Five Functions" and "Hu Jia Five Functions" and other qin tunes. He wrote nine volumes of "The Record of the Qin", "The Chart of Playing the Qin" and "The Law of Playing the Qin with the Right Hand". He summarized the qin school by saying: "The sound of Wu is clear and graceful, like the Yangtze River, which flows and passes by slowly, with the style of a national scholar; the sound of Shu is restless and anxious, like the rapid waves and thunder, which is also handsome for a while." These comments are still in line with the characteristics of the Wu and Shu schools.

Li Longji: a musician of the Tang Dynasty, he was also the first emperor musician in ancient China. He specialized in playing capricorn drums and transverse flutes, and composed and adapted the "Midnight Music", "Small Broken Formation Music", and "Nei Shang Yu Yi Song". He established the Tang Dynasty's musical institutions, the Cultivation Hall and the Pear Garden.

Li Guinian: a Tang dynasty musician who played the wind instrument Wicker with such skill that many poets heard him play and wrote many popular poems.

Dong Tinglan: a qin master of the Tang Dynasty. He learned the popular "Shen family sound" and "Zhu family sound" from Chen Huigu, a senator from Fengzhou, and became a great master of the art. He enjoyed a high reputation in Tang Dynasty. Nowadays, "Big Hu Jia", "Small Hu Jia" and "Yi Zhen" are rumored to be his works.

Xue Yijian: a zither player in Tang Dynasty. He was nine years old when he played the zither, twelve years old when he could play thirty pieces of miscellaneous music and three pieces such as , seventeen years old when he played two books of and other famous pieces such as and , and so on. He emphasized "light and sharp fingers, gentle sound, uninterrupted sound and beautiful sentences", but also emphasized the inner performance of "sound and rhyme have their own masters". He also pointed out the "seven diseases" of mental inattention reflected in the posture of playing the zither, which was emphasized by later generations of zither players, and thus led to a number of norms for playing the zither.

Jiang Kui: Song Dynasty musician, lyricist, alias White Stone Taoist, known as Jiang Baishi. His representative works include Yangzhou Slow, Bleak Offenders, and Songs of the White Stone Taoist.

Yihai: a zither player of the Northern Song Dynasty. Introductory disciple of Yi Zhong. Studied zither at Mount Fahua in Yuezhou, "accumulating ten years without going down to the mountain, day and night without releasing his hands from the strings, so that he exhausted his skill." He is the author of "The Rhythmic Fingering Method of Monk Zequan".

Guo Chuwang: a zither player of the Southern Song Dynasty. Because of the feeling of political corruption, as if the clouds cover the Jiuyi Mountain, so he composed the zither song "Xiaoxiang water clouds". He also wrote "Autumn Hong", "Pan Cang Lang" and other zither pieces. Liu Zhifang passed on his qin skills to Mao Minzhong and Xu Tianmin to form the famous Zhejiang School. Guo Chuwang was the founder of the Zhejiang School.

Xu Tianmin: A zither master of the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was Yang Zan's disciple, he switched from learning Jiangxi music to learning Guo Chuwang's music, and participated in editing the Zixia Cave Music Record. His ancestors and grandchildren were all famous qin masters. Later generations regarded him as "Xu Men Zheng Tuan". The "Zexian Yin" in the existing "Miraculous Secret Record" is his work.

Mao Minzhong: a qin master of the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was a disciple of Yang Zan, he learned the music of Guo Chuwang from Liu Zhifang. He composed many zither pieces, including "Fishing Song", "Woodcutting Song", "Liezi Yufeng", "Shanjuyin", "Peilan", and so on. Among them, "Fisherman's Song" and "Woodcutter's Song" are of high artistic level.

Yan Zheng: A zither player at the end of the Ming Dynasty. He was the founder of the Yushan School. His style of playing the zither was "clear, subtle, light and far away", and he compiled the Pine String Pavilion Zither Recordings, which is the main collection of recordings of the Yushan School.

Zhu Zaiyu: Ming Dynasty musicologist. He is the author of "The Complete Book of Music and Law", "Laws and Laws", and "Laws and Laws", etc. He summarized the music and law of the Ming Dynasty, and wrote "The Complete Book of Music and Laws". The Complete Book of Music summarizes and develops the theory of music and law of the predecessors, and creates the theory of "new law and rate".

Xu Shangying: a qin master at the end of the Ming Dynasty. He was a master of the Yushan school. He and Yan Zheng studied under Chen Aitong's disciple, but their styles were very different. He absorbed the fast-paced zither pieces such as "Pheasant Flying in the Morning" and "Crowing in the Night", which were included in the "Qin Recordings of the Grand Pavilion". His style of playing the zither was "both slow and fast", which made up for Yan Zheng's shortcomings. He also wrote "Xishan zither", a systematic and detailed exposition of the aesthetic theory of zither performance.

Zhuang Zhenfeng: A zither player of the Qing Dynasty. Playing the qin for nearly thirty years, he created the first qin music, which was included in the "qin study of the heart", and the more popular ones are "wu leaf dance in the autumn wind" and "spring mountain listening to the cuckoo".

Xu Changyou: early Qing dynasty zither player. He was the forerunner of the Guangling school of qin. In 1702, he published his musical scores as Chenggiantang Zither Score, which is the earliest collection of scores of the Guangling School.

Xu Qi: A qin master of the Qing Dynasty. He was the successor of the Guangling School. The collection of music is called "Wuchizhai Zither Records", which contains more songs of Yushan School, and it has processed and developed the songs, from which we can see the relationship between Guangling School and Yushan School.

Wu Hong: a qin master of the Qing Dynasty. He studied qin at Xu Jintang, the grandson of Xu Changyou. At that time, it was the heyday of the Guangling School, when qin masters gathered and played day and night, which was very helpful to him. He devoted himself to learning the qin for several decades, compiled eighty-two pieces of qin music, and published the Ziyuantang qin score in 1802, which was a masterpiece of the Guangling School.

Harmony of Zhu Feng (祝凤喈): a zither player of the Qing Dynasty. He learned the qin at the age of nineteen and devoted himself to the study of the qin for more than thirty years. He is the author of "The Qin Record of the Ancient Zither", which is an in-depth discussion on the theory of the qin.

Zhang Kongshan: a qin master of the Qing Dynasty. He studied the qin with Feng Tongyun of Zhejiang Province. During the Xianfeng period, he was a Taoist priest at Qingcheng Mountain in Sichuan Province, and in 1875, he assisted Tang Yiming in compiling the "Tianwenge Zither Records". The pieces he passed on, such as "Flowing Water", "Drunken Fisherman Singing in the Evening", and "Pu'an Mantra", are all very distinctive. The "Flowing Water" which he developed and processed has been widely circulated.

Hua Yanjun (1893-1950) A folk musician. A Bing, a native of Dongting, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, was the son of Hua Qinghe, a Taoist priest at the Zun Temple of the Tangle Mine. Ah Bing's instrumental music was y popular with the masses, and his superb skills, as early as eighteen years old, were already favored by the local Taoist music community. He had studied a wide variety of folk music, and was able to transcend narrow mastery and imitation, composing and playing a variety of instrumental pieces based on his own feelings about real life. However, most of his compositions in his life have not been passed down to the world due to various reasons. Only the erhu compositions "Reflecting the Moon in Two Springs", "Listening to the Pines" and "Cold Spring Wind Song"; and the pipa compositions "The Great Wave", "Zhaojun's Exodus from the Frontiers" and "The Dragon Boat" have been preserved and have become treasures in the hall of Chinese folk music.

Liu Tianhua (1895-1932) was a famous composer, national instrument player and music educator. He was born in Jiangyin County, Jiangsu Province. Born in the intellectual family, is the literary scholar Liu Bannong's brother. 1922 was hired to go to Beijing, teaching at Peking University Music Mission; the same fall and also served as Beijing Women's Higher Normal School Music and Physical Education Specialist Teachers. 1926 taught at the Beijing Art Specialized School Music Department and Beiping University Women's College of Arts and Sciences Music Department, until his death. During his life, he wrote forty-seven practice pieces for erhu and eleven for pipa. This laid the foundation for the professional composition and performance of the erhu.

Ren Guang (1900-1941) was a native of Sheng County, Zhejiang Province. Ren Guang (1900-1941) was born in Sheng County, Zhejiang Province, and grew up with a love of folk music, playing the zither, trumpet, and organ; in 1919, he went to France to work and study, working as a piano repairman and learning music at the same time, and in 1934, he became famous by composing the famous "Fisherman's Song" (an interlude of a progressive film of the same name starring Zhou Xuan as the lead singer). Later on, he also composed movie interludes such as "Moonlight", "New Lotus Flower Drop", "Earth March", and some salvation songs, such as "Fighting Back to the Old Country" (signed by Qianfa), "Sorghum is Red", and other famous songs. In addition, he also composed the music for the opera "Taierzhuang" ("Hongbo Song").

He Luting (1903-1997), formerly known as He Kai, was a famous contemporary musician and educator, a native of Shaoyang, Hunan Province, who was admitted to the Shanghai National Music College in 1931. In 1931, he was admitted to the Shanghai National Music College. In his early years, he took part in the Hunan Peasant Movement and the Guangzhou Uprising. He served as an instructor at the Wuchang Art College, head of the music section of the Star Film Company, music instructor of the propaganda team of the political department of the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Jinsui United Defense Forces, leader of the Central Orchestra of Yan'an, and leader of the North China Literature and Industrial Troupe. Over the past half century, He Luting*** composed three chorales, twenty-four chorales, nearly one hundred songs, six piano pieces, six orchestral pieces, more than a dozen film scores, as well as a number of Yangge Opera music and instrumental solo pieces, and authored "Selected Essays on the Music of He Luting", which was published on April 27th, 1999 in Shanghai.

S Xian Xinghai (1905-1945) was originally from Panyu, Guangdong Province, and was born in Macau to a family of poor boatmen. Xian Xinghai was a famous modern Chinese composer and pianist, known as the "People's Musician". 1926, he entered the Peking University Music School, and in 1928, he entered the Shanghai National Institute of Music to study music. 1929, he went to Paris to work and study, and studied under the famous fiddler Pany Oberdorfer and Paul Ducasse. 1935, he returned to China and actively participated in the anti-Japanese salvation movement. After returning to China in 1935, he took an active part in the anti-Japanese movement and went to Yan'an in 1938, where he served as the head of the music department of the Luxun Academy of Fine Arts, and died in October 1945 in Moscow after a long illness.

Nie Er (1912-1935) Nie Shouxin, formerly known as Nie Shouxin, was born in Yuxi, Yunnan Province. He was a native of Yuxi, Yunnan and was born in Kunming. Since childhood, he loved folk music such as lanterns and Dian Opera, and could play a variety of folk instruments. He grew up in a poor family and had a deep affection for the toiling masses. He created dozens of revolutionary songs in his limited life, and his series of works were the products of the people's revolution led by the ****production party. Nie Er opened the way for new music in China and was a pioneer of Chinese proletarian revolutionary music. Nie Er was the composer of the national anthem of the People's Republic of China, the March of the Volunteers.

Ma Sicong (1912-1987) is the first generation of Chinese violin music composer and performer, occupies an important position in China's modern music history. after the victory of the war in 1945, he successively served as the conductor of the Taiwan Symphony Orchestra, the head of the Department of Fine Arts and Music in Guangzhou, the principal of the Chinese Music School in Shanghai, and the dean of the Chinese Music Institute in Hong Kong, etc. after 1950, he was appointed as the first president of the Central Conservatory of Music, and concurrently served as the president of the Chinese Musicians Association, and also served as the president of the China Music Association. After 1950, he became the first president of the Central Conservatory of Music, and also served as vice chairman of the China Musicians Association and editor-in-chief of Music Composition.

Wang Luobin (1913-1996), the famous purveyor of western folk songs, is regarded as the king of modern Chinese songs. He is one of the most prestigious Chinese folk musicians of the 20th century. Originally from Beijing, he graduated from the Music Department of Beijing Normal University in 1934. After adapting the first Xinjiang folk song "The Girl of Dasaka City" in Lanzhou in 1938, he formed an unbreakable bond with western folk songs, and since then, he has lived in the Great Northwest for nearly sixty years (during which he has been imprisoned twice for eighteen years), and has dedicated his legendary life to the creation and dissemination of western folk songs.

Lei Zhenbang (1916-1997) was a famous film music composer in China, a national-level composer, a former director of the Chinese Musicians Association, a director of the Chinese Film Artists Association, a paid president of the Chinese Film Music Association, and a member of the Sixth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Over the past few decades, Lei Zhenbang has composed music for the following feature films: Dong Cunrui, Malan Blossoms, Love Song of Lusheng, Full Moon, Five Golden Flowers, Jinyuji, Daji and His Father, Three Sisters of Liu, Wanmu Chun, Guests on the Iceberg, Jingpo Girl, The Battle of Floods, The Giant of Iron and Steel, The Reef, Jihongchang, The Little Characters, Love Song in the Valley, Tomorrow, The Little Characters, The Little Characters, and The Little Characters. Love Song in the Valley", "Answer You Tomorrow", "Jing Chang", "Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Blue and Purple", "The Great Eastern Devil" ...... and the 82-episode TV series "The Fourth Generation".

Marco (1918-1976), a native of Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, arrived in Yan'an in 1939 and worked and studied in the music troupe of the Luxun Academy of Fine Arts, where he was instructed by Xian Xinghai and Lv Ji, and recorded and organized a large amount of ethnic materials. He later engaged in music activities in the liberated areas of the Northeast, and after liberation, he became the vice president of the China Conservatory of Music. In his lifetime, he wrote more than 200 musical works, among which the songs "Nanniwan", "We Are Democratic Youth", "We Workers Have Strength", "Lvliang Mountain Chorus", rice-planting opera "Husband and Wife Knowing the Characters", opera "Zhou Zishan" (in cooperation with Zhang Lu and Liu Chih), "The White Haired Maiden" (in cooperation with Qiu Wei, Zhang Lu, Xiangshi, etc.), "Marriage of Xiao Erhei", and orchestral "Shaan Bei Suite" have been circulated the most widely. The Lamentations, which he composed collectively, is now the most official bridesmaid's music in China.

Li Delun (1917-2001) was born in Beijing, and studied piano and violin as a teenager, and formed a student orchestra with teachers and students when he was studying at Fu Jen Catholic University, and participated in the performances. 1940, he was admitted to the National Shanghai Institute of Music, and successively studied cello under Shevtsov (I.SHEVTZOV) and Ducson (R.DUCKSON), and cello under Frankel (W.FRANKEL). FRANKEL) in music theory. He is a conductor and artistic director of the Central Orchestra. He is the eighth vice-chairman of the Chinese Musicians Association and director of the Performing Arts Committee. In people's mind, Li Delun's name is always associated with "symphony", and his sudden death at the age of 84 after many years of illness makes people sigh with the feeling that "the world is empty of the "Field and Garden", and Li Delun is nowhere to be seen on earth".

Li Huanzhi (1919-), originally from Jinjiang, Fujian Province, was born in Hong Kong and studied under Xiao Youmei at the Shanghai National Institute of Music in 1936. After the outbreak of the war, he was engaged in revolutionary songwriting in Xiamen and Hong Kong, etc. In 1938, he studied at the Music Department of the Lu Xun Art Institute in Yan'an and stayed on as a teacher after his graduation, and edited the "Ethnic Music". During the Liberation War, he was the head of the Music Department of the College of Literature and Arts of the North China United University. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he has been active on the music front and is now the chairman of the Chinese Musicians Association. Over the past forty years, he has composed a large number of musical works. In addition to songs such as "March for the Founding of the Democratic State", "March of the Youth of New China" and "Socialism is Good" which have been sung for a long time, he has mainly composed orchestral works such as "Spring Festival Suite", "Symphony No. 1 - Heroic Sea Island", chorus of guqin and stringed songs "Suwu", Guzheng concerto "Miluo River Fantasia

Su Wu, the one-act opera <, etc. He also edited <>, and wrote more than three hundred essays, some of which were included in the book <>.

Fu Cong (1934-) was born in Shanghai, began to study piano at the age of 8 and a half, and at the age of 9, he studied under the Italian pianist Mei Baiqi, and went to Poland to study in 1954, where he was awarded the Third Prize in the Fifth Chopin International Piano Competition in March 1955, and the Best Prize in the Mazurka. In March 1955, he won the third prize in the "Fifth Chopin International Piano Competition" and the "Mazurka" Best Prize. 1959, he left his home country for the sake of art, which was a sensation, and since then, he has traveled to five continents, galloping in the international music stage, and gained the name of "Piano Poet".

He Zhanhao (1932-) is an outstanding Chinese musician and world-renowned composer. He is currently a professor at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music and vice chairman of the Shanghai Musicians' Association of China. He composed China's first violin concerto, Liang Zhu. But few of his works came out in the decades after that. It has been said that this work is not only the peak of He Zhanhao's own musical career, but also an example of the perfect combination of traditional Chinese and Western music.

Chen Gang (1935-) is a native of Shanghai. He grew up learning music from his father, Chen Gesin, and from the age of ten he took piano lessons from the Hungarian pianist Valler. When he was in his fourth year of university, he collaborated with He Zhanhao to write the violin concerto "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", which became famous both at home and abroad.