How to install glass curtain wall

Glass curtain wall refers to the building's external protective structure or decorative structure, which is composed of supporting structure system and glass, and has certain displacement ability relative to the main structure, and does not share the role of the main structure. There are two kinds of walls: single-layer and double-layer glass. Classification 1. Open-frame glass curtain wall Open-frame glass curtain wall refers to the glass curtain wall with metal frame members exposed on the external surface. It takes the aluminum alloy profile with special section as the frame, and the glass panel is completely embedded in the groove of the profile. It is characterized in that the aluminum alloy profile itself has dual functions of skeleton structure and glass fixing. Open-frame glass curtain wall is the most traditional form, which is widely used and has reliable working performance. Compared with hidden frame glass curtain wall, it is easier to meet the requirements of construction technology. 2. Hidden frame glass curtain wall The metal frame of the hidden frame glass curtain wall is hidden on the back of the glass, and the metal frame cannot be seen outdoors. Hidden frame glass curtain wall can be divided into full hidden frame glass curtain wall and semi-hidden frame glass curtain wall, which can be horizontal, flat and vertical, or criss-crossed. The structural characteristics of the concealed frame glass curtain wall are: the glass is outside the aluminum frame, and the glass and the aluminum frame are bonded with silicone structural sealant. The load of curtain wall is mainly borne by sealant. 3. Point glass curtain wall Point glass curtain wall is a new type of support in recent years. Point glass curtain wall, whose full name is point glass curtain wall with metal support structure, has developed rapidly in the city once it appears. The following is an introduction to this new type of support: according to the different forms of support structure, the point glass curtain wall can be divided into the following types: (1) The point glass curtain wall with metal support structure is the most widely used form at present. It uses metal materials as the support structure system, and the face glass is firmly fixed on it through metal connectors and fasteners, which is very safe and reliable. Make full use of the flexibility of metal structure to meet the needs of architectural modeling, and people can clearly see the whole structural system supporting the glass through the glass. Crystal clear glass and solid metal structure are the embodiment of "beauty" and "strength". Enhanced the effect of "virtual" and "real" comparison. (2) The point-type glass curtain wall with all-glass structure connects the glass supporting structure (glass rib) and facing glass into a whole through metal connectors and fasteners, and becomes the building envelope structure. The construction is simple, the cost is low, the glass surface and ribs form a wide field of vision, which is pleasing to the eye, and the indoor and outdoor space of the building achieves the maximum visual integration. (3) Pull rod (cable) structure Point glass curtain wall adopts stainless steel pull rod or cable corresponding to glass parting as curtain wall support structure. The glass is fixed on it by metal connectors. In architecture, the precision of machining is fully realized, so that all components are tensile components. Therefore, prestress should be applied during construction, which can reduce the breakage rate of glass during vibration. The supporting system of (1) is to directly transfer various loads on the glass to the main structure of the building. Therefore, it is the main force-bearing component, and its structural form and material generally depend on the load and architectural modeling, such as glass ribs, stainless steel columns, aluminum profile columns or steel analysis frames, steel columns and stainless steel tie rods (cables) which have been properly treated for corrosion protection and surface protection. (2) Metal connectors Metal connectors include fixed parts (commonly known as claw seats and claws) and fasteners. Fixtures are usually made of stainless steel, while fasteners are made of stainless steel. Considering the compatibility of metals, the claw seat must be made of the same material as the support system or mechanically fixed. Metal connectors are the essence of architectural point technology. Fixing the face glass on the supporting structure not only produces additional stress at the edge of the glass hole, but also allows a small amount of displacement to adjust the construction error caused by building installation, and there are also shock absorption measures to improve the seismic capacity, so there are many factors to be considered in the design. (3) Metal connectors also have remarkable decorative effect, so they not only meet the functional requirements, but also have beautiful modeling design and fine processing and manufacturing, which plays a "finishing touch" role. (4) The strength of the glass used in the point glass curtain wall of glass building is reduced by about 30% due to drilling. Therefore, the point glass curtain wall of buildings must adopt high-strength tempered glass (the impact strength of tempered glass is 3-5 times that of float glass, and the bending strength is 2-5 times that of float glass). Note that another important feature of tempered glass is its safe use. When it is damaged by a large external force, it will produce small pieces without acute angles (commonly known as "glass rain"). The supporting material requirements should consider the relationship between the characteristics of curtain wall and the service life of the building, and should meet the following requirements: 1 The thickness of the main stress parts of the column section should meet the following requirements: 1) The thickness of the opening part of the aluminum profile section should not be less than 3.0mm, and the thickness of the closed part should not be less than 2.5mm；; When the hole wall of the profile is directly connected with the screw by thread, its local thickness should not be less than the nominal diameter of the screw. 2) The thickness of the main stress part of the steel section should not be less than 3.0mm. 3) The section width-to-thickness ratio of eccentrically compressed columns should comply with the corresponding provisions in Article 6.2. 1 in Technical Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering (JJ102-2003). The sealing material glass is sealed with weather-resistant silica gel, and the glass and metal structure are bonded with structural adhesive. In building point glass technology, sealant only plays a sealing role, so there is no need to calculate the strength. Before use, the compatibility test between adhesive and contact materials must be carried out, and the performance test is qualified, and it should be used within the validity period, and the operation procedures should be strictly observed to ensure the construction quality. Glass 1 glass curtain wall shall adopt curtain wall glass with reflectivity not greater than 0.30. For glass curtain walls with lighting function requirements, the lighting reduction factor should not be less than 0.20. 2 frame supporting glass curtain wall, appropriate uses safety glass. The panel glass of the three-point glass curtain wall shall be tempered glass. 4 point-supported glass curtain wall supported by glass ribs, whose glass ribs should be toughened glass with protruding layers. 5. Safety glass should be used for glass curtain walls in public places with high personnel flow density, activities of teenagers or children, and places that are easily hit during use; For the parts that are easy to be hit in use, obvious warning signs should be set. The size requirements of the building should comply with GBJ 12-86 "Unified Standard for Building Modules Coordination". The horizontal and horizontal expansion modules of the building curtain wall are increased from 900mm to 1 module, with a maximum size of 6000 mm, and its vertical expansion module is increased from 2700mm to 1, with a maximum size of 6000 mm, if the project needs to cross the above dimensions. Performance requirements 1 Performance requirements shall be selected according to the location, climatic conditions, building volume, height, surrounding environment and the importance of the building, and shall be consistent with GB/T 15225 Classification of Physical Properties of Building Curtain Walls. 2 should be clear about the geography, climate, environment and the state of the surrounding buildings. The type, shape and height of the building, the position and shape of the curtain wall, etc. Is defined by words and patterns. According to the technical parameters of 1 ~ 20, the performance requirements of curtain wall are put forward. 2 The film thickness of aluminum alloy profiles shall conform to the provisions of "Metal Coating System". 3 steel surface should be treated with anti-corrosion. When hot dip galvanizing is used, its film thickness should be greater than 45 microns; When electrostatic spraying is used, the film thickness should be greater than 40 μ m, and insulation measures should be taken between different metal materials to prevent electrochemical corrosion between different metals. Lightning protection and grounding requirements and construction methods of glass curtain wall 3. 1 According to the technical data about lightning protection and grounding and the experience of previous completed projects, we think that the lightning protection of glass curtain wall must meet the following important requirements: 3. 1. 1 The lightning protection design of glass curtain wall should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Lightning Protection Design of Buildings" (GB 500057-94). 3. 1.2 The section of down conductor shall meet the requirements. The vertical main keel of glass curtain wall should be used as down lead, and the cross section of vertical main keel must reach 100mm when flat steel products are used. . 3. 1.3 meets the requirements of mechanical strength. In addition to welding, the thickness of metal materials should reach 4mm by pressure welding. 3. 1.4 Welding shall meet the requirements of construction specifications. The lap length of round steel is 6 times of its diameter, and it is welded on both sides; The lap length of flat steel is twice its width, and it is welded on three sides; Anti-corrosion treatment should be carried out at the welding place. 3. 1.5 For pressure welding of different metals, electrochemical anticorrosion treatment should be done. For example, when steel is connected with aluminum, steel should be tinned; Or add stainless steel gasket between steel and aluminum. 3. 1.6 After the construction is completed, it will be tested by an authoritative testing organization, and the grounding resistance value must meet the design and specification requirements. 3.2 Lightning protection and grounding of building glass curtain wall. The building has 22 floors above ground and is 80 meters high. The external wall adopts large-area granite hanging board, glass curtain wall and composite aluminum plate. The glass curtain wall is described as follows. Specific measures for lightning protection and grounding: 3.2. 1 Starting from the sixth floor, from the ninth floor, the twelfth floor, the fifteenth floor to the 22nd floor. Every three layers, lay a 40×4 galvanized flat steel on the surface of the structural layer around the building and weld it with the lead-out steel bars (φ 12) around the building. The welding length is 6 times the diameter of round steel, and it is welded on both sides. In order to keep the vertical aluminum alloy main keel of the glass curtain wall grounded, one end of 40×4 galvanized flat steel is welded with the equalizing ring, the welding length should be twice its width, and it is welded on three sides, and the other end is pressed with two M8 stainless steel through bolts. In order to prevent electrochemical corrosion of galvanized flat steel and aluminum alloy, stainless steel gasket with thickness of 1mm was added between galvanized flat steel and aluminum alloy, and stainless steel flat gasket and spring pad were added. 3.2.2 The joints of all vertical main keels shall be crimped with a retractable "Ohmic Bend" made of 40×4 aluminum alloy. Two M8 stainless steel bolts should be crimped at the upper and lower parts of the joint, and stainless steel flat pads and spring pads should be added. 3.2.3 On the floor with equalizing ring, at the joint of all vertical main keels and horizontal keels, two M6 stainless steel bolts are pressed at both ends of 40×4 aluminum corner yards, and stainless steel flat pads and spring pads are added. 3.2.4 The parapet cover plate at the top of the curtain wall is a lightning arrester, which plays the role of lightning protection. φ 12 galvanized round steel is installed around the parapet and welded with the lightning protection down lead of the main structure. Install 40×4×4 galvanized angle steel inside the cover plate, install two sections of angle steel (each section is 300mm long) on each aluminum plate, and weld the two sections with φ 12 galvanized round steel. One end of φ 12 galvanized round steel is welded with φ 12 galvanized round steel at the top of parapet, and the other end is welded with angle steel. Between each angle steel and aluminum plate, four M6×20 stainless steel tapping screws are used for pressure connection (stainless steel gasket with thickness of 1mm is added between angle steel and aluminum plate), and stainless steel flat gasket and spring gasket are added. Baidu Library of Glass Curtain Wall Construction Technology:/view/575e37f1118583d05ae1.html.