What did 2008 people smash at the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympic Games?

Basic introduction

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(1) Chinese pinyin: fǒu

(2) Zhuyin: ㄈㄡˇ

(3) Zheng code: MAEZ, u: 7f36,: F3BE.

(4) Number of strokes: 6, radical: Li, and stroke sequence number: 3 1 1252.

On the Classification of Ancient Musical Instruments

Ancient Chinese people began to classify musical instruments according to the production materials of the main vocal parts very early. In Saint Amethyst, "gold, stone, earth, leather, silk, bamboo and wood" are collectively called eight tones. Because it is made of earth, it is also an earth musical instrument. Of course, this classification method is very primitive.

There are only two kinds of native musical instruments in China's Eight Tones, one is Yi and the other is Yi. The hammer is shaped like a small jar or a fire bowl, and it is a rare musical instrument. Lian has a long history. The oldest company discovered so far has been more than 7000 years ago. At first, there was only one mouthpiece and one sound hole, and then it gradually evolved into eight-hole company, ten-hole company and semitone company. Yan's timbre is soft and round, and there is a desolate beauty beyond things.

"Reading Canon" records: You said "Tao is also. So take the wine slurry. Qin people beat drums to celebrate. " Er Yayun: "Ang refers to it", and the note says: "The basin is also", and Kan Qi strikes it. Mianchi Club, the king of Qin killed the king of Zhao. ""It's really Qin who smashed the urn button. " And clearly listed in the local voice.

On the Opening Ceremony of Beijing Olympic Games

On the evening of August 8, 2008, at the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games, in the center of the "Bird's Nest"-shaped National Stadium, 2008 ancient percussion instruments in China made a moving sound with white lights flashing in turn to form a countdown number.

In the thunderous sound, the audience shouted "10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1" as the numbers changed. Amid cheers, the opening ceremony officially began at 20: 00.

2008 actors sang songs and shouted "It's a pleasure to have friends from afar" to express their warm welcome to Olympic athletes and guests from all over the world.

From the perspective of development and evolution, the original features of "Yi" and "Yi" used in the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games are different. However, judging from the field effect, the array integrating high-tech sound, light and electricity is very effective. In particular, the digital countdown with lights on the face is somewhat ingenious.

At the opening ceremony, 2008 people (fǒu) burst into drums. This instrument originated from the bronze sword unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi in Suizhou City, Hubei Province from 65438 to 0978. China ancient "Eight Tones Classification" divided musical instruments into eight categories according to their materials: gold, stone, earth, leather, silk, bamboo, wood and wood. As an ancient local musical instrument in China, its sound will never be the same as that of a drum as a leather musical instrument, and its shape is completely different from the bronze sword mentioned above. "Sword" is not "sword", and there is no record of "sword" in ancient music literature.

As an ancient musical instrument, what is it like? Archaeological discoveries in recent years have given the answer. During the excavation of the tomb of Yue nobles in Hongshan, Wuxi in 2004, archaeologists found a grave pit composed of more than 500 combined musical instruments, including three basin-shaped celadon instruments. After functional classification and expert appraisal, this is the "bangs" forced by Qin Wang Mianchi at the meeting. Celadon, an ancient musical instrument in the picture, is 40 cm in diameter and 24.2 cm in height. Painted with blue-yellow glaze inside and outside, with thin flat stripes on the mouth edge and upper abdomen. Two animals have wide ears. On the other side, there is a symmetrical lizard crawling on the edge of its mouth. Lizard's forelimbs crawl on the edge and have a mouth edge. The modeling is exaggerated and vivid.

The bronze sword, the prototype of 2008 musical instruments in "Thunder Array", is actually a combiner, which is composed of a bronze sword and a bronze sword. As a mirror, the coat has a large space between the outer wall and the inner wall of the mirror, which plays a dual role in freezing and heating the wine slurry. Some experts call it the earliest ancient "refrigerator" in China (of course, it should also be a "warm box"). This special bronze wine vessel has nothing to do with clay musical instruments, both in shape and material.

What does it mean to slap the traditional culture of China?

Yi is a crock and earthen basin. It was not a musical instrument in ancient times, but later became the lowest musical instrument. There are eight ancient musical instruments in China: gold, stone, silk, bamboo, bamboo, clay, leather and wood. Clay is a kind of pottery, such as clay, Tao Di, pottery drum, etc. , even can't be formally classified, showing the low status.

For a long time, "beating" or "drum basin" has always had two main meanings in China traditional culture: one is the lowest entertainment of the lower class, and the other is the etiquette of expressing sadness in funeral occasions.

From the first meaning, according to the "Three Editions of Mozi", "In the past, the princes were tired of listening to politics and rested on the music of bells and drums; Scholar-officials are tired of listening and treating, and rest on swallowing happiness; Farmers plough in spring and harvest in summer, hide in autumn and winter and rest in the joy of squatting. " To a certain extent, this shows the strict hierarchical system at that time, and "beating" and "drumming" were only the entertainment of farmers at the bottom of society. In the Han Dynasty, Huan Kuan's "On Salt and Iron" said: "In the past, people's reception was based on party customs, just playing the piano and drums." "Huainanzi Spiritual Practice" contains: "In today's poor society, it is also fun to knock on pots and sing." Later, with the development of the times, this form of entertainment gradually declined. Probably only beggars have a special performance form-knocking on bowls, which shows the charm of the lower class.

In the second sense, the book of changes in 1993 said, "If you leave the sky without drumming, it will be big and fierce." It means that under the brilliance of the setting sun, if you sing without knocking on the earthenware, then the old man will sigh in the twilight, which is a bad omen. This reflects a folk custom at that time: for the elderly who are about to die, people should beat drums and sing songs to appease the elderly and wish the deceased a pleasant journey. During the Warring States period, Zhuangzi's wife died and drummed and sang, which further led to the funeral. This custom has been handed down from generation to generation. Yan Zitui of the Northern Qi Dynasty said in Yan Jiaxun Xue Ji: "Xun's loss of his wife is not a drum." In the Song Dynasty, York wrote in the Book of Praise to Law: "It is not easy to smell drums and pots." In the literary works of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the expressions of "drum-basin song", "drum-basin sorrow" and "drum-basin sorrow" are more common. This custom has been passed down to this day, that is, at many funerals in rural areas today, the dutiful son will throw a crock pot at the funeral.

Because this instrument has the above two characteristics, it has played many political roles in the history of China, and some well-known stories have been handed down to this day, the most famous of which is the "Mianchi Club" in the Warring States Period:

The angel of the king of Qin told the king of Zhao that if he wanted to make friends with the king of Qin, he would go to Mianchi outside Xihe River. The prince of Zhao is afraid of Qin and wants to leave. Lian Po and Lin Xiangru calculated: "You can't do this, which shows that Zhao is weak and timid." Wang Zhao followed. Follow each other. Lian Po saw him off to the world and said to the king, "Go, king, and return it when you get to the Taoist temple. Only 30 days. If you don't pay back within 30 days, please make the prince king, so that you will never see the king of Qin again. " Wang. So he met the king of Qin who was drinking heavily and said, "I overheard the good voice of the king of Zhao. Please play the piano." Wang Zhao drum and harp. The first article of Qin Shu Yu Shi said: "One day, the king of Qin and the king of Zhao drank wine, which made the king of Zhao play drums." . Lin Xiangru said: "Zhao Wang secretly heard that the king of Qin was the voice of the king of Qin. Please give him a bowl of entertainment." The king of Qin was furious and refused. So they went forward and knelt down to invite the king of Qin. The king of Qin refused to strike. Xiang Ru said, "Within five steps, Xiang Ru please spill blood on your neck!" Think left and right like a blade, and think right like a slap. So the king of Qin didn't worry, so he punched him. For example, Gu's Proposal said: "One day, the king of Qin was beaten by the king of Zhao." . The ministers of Qin said, "Please take Zhao 15th as your birthday." Lin Xiangru also said: "Please take Xianyang, the land of Qin, as the prince of Zhao." The king of Qin actually drank wine, but he couldn't beat Zhao in the end. Zhao Yisheng had soldiers waiting for Qin, but Qin did not dare to move.

The political crux of this story is that the king of Qin forced the king of Zhao to play the piano for him and ordered historians to record it to humiliate him. Lin Xiangru then forced the king of Qin to slap him with a five-step blood spatter, and correspondingly lowered the status of the king of Qin to a higher level, in response to the humiliation of the king of Zhao.