Were there glass windows in Qing Dynasty? Were there glass windows in Qing Dynasty?

There were glass windows in Qing dynasty. As early as the late Ming Dynasty, merchant ships from Britain, Fran

Were there glass windows in Qing Dynasty? Were there glass windows in Qing Dynasty?

There were glass windows in Qing dynasty. As early as the late Ming Dynasty, merchant ships from Britain, France, the Netherlands and other capitalist countries came to China's ports such as Guangzhou, Ningbo, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou, and western glassware was introduced to China. In the late Kangxi period, glass-making technology spread to Chinese mainland through Guangzhou Thirteen Lines. Since then, the output of glass has been increasing, so glass is used to replace enough paper. During the Yongzheng period, almost all the paper in the Forbidden City was replaced by glass.

In fact, China itself made glass in ancient times, but its manufacturing technology and application were not as developed as those of foreign countries. In ancient China, the names of glass were different, including:

1. "Yinglin"-Shangshu Gong Yu appeared in the Warring States Period. Yulin originally meant beautiful jade, and the ancients called it jade-like glass.

"Coloured glaze" first appeared in Huan Kuan's "On Salt and Iron" in the Western Han Dynasty. "... jade, coral and coloured glaze became national treasures. The name "Liuli" remained in use until the Ming Dynasty. Some areas are still in use. Nowadays, the word "glazed tile" is mostly used for building glazed tiles and glazed ornaments on the top of tiles.

3. "Medicinal jade"-appeared in Mu Zhuan, and Guo Pu of Jin Dynasty commented that "all the tools cast by foreigners today are also stones. Accordingly, almost today's medicinal jade, medicinal glass and the like. " "Medicinal jade", as its name implies, is a jade-like glass made of medicine.

4. "Charming Jade"-According to the Records of Hundred Officials in the History of Yuan Dynasty, the Charming Jade Bureau was established in the Yuan Dynasty, which was the institution that the court supervised the production of glassware, so the glass produced by the Charming Jade Bureau was called charming jade.

5. "Jade"-According to Zhao's "Gegu Yaolun", "Jade, white jade, is a medicine used in jars in the north. If there is no gas eye, it is almost the same as real jade. " Visible glass is called "jar jade".

6. "Liao"-a popular title in Beijing during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Probably because Beijing does not produce glass, it needs to buy glass from other places and then process it into devices, so it is called "glass", which has become a habit along the way and is still called so now.