Xinjiang Neolithic culture mainly includes

Xinjiang Neolithic culture mainly includes painted pottery.

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Painted pottery: also known as ceramic painting, is an art in China's long-standing "national quintessence"-ceramic art. As early as the Banpo culture period about 7,000 years ago, the earliest painting appeared on pottery. However, the works on porcelain are more tense than those on paper. Painted pottery art combines artists' creative ideas, styles and languages, and creates artistic treasures with different styles and colors, which is a rare cultural treasure in China.

general situation

Painted pottery is made by painting natural mineral pigments on polished orange-red pottery blank, using ochre and manganese oxide as coloring elements, and then firing in a kiln. Beautiful patterns of ochre, black, white and other colors are presented on the orange-red carcass, forming pottery with highly unified patterns and shapes, achieving the effect of decoration and beautification.

Painted pottery is beautifully made, mainly argillaceous pottery, with delicate texture, which is not only a practical vessel, but also of high artistic value. Because the color painting is before firing, after firing with pottery, the color is closely combined with the pottery tire and is not easy to fall off. Generally speaking, the forms of painting can be divided into two categories: patterns and pictures.

Painted pottery originated in the Neolithic Age about 10000 years ago. In the Neolithic Age, people invented the technology of burning pottery, and the farming culture was relatively fixed. There were relatively developed pottery in Guanzhong area during the old Guantai culture period around 6000 BC, and a few of them were decorated with wide ribbons at the mouth, which was the bud of painted pottery.

The origin of painted pottery in China has long been controversial. The fish pattern basin with a diameter of 5 1cm found in Dadiwan is the largest fish pattern basin found in China. It is completely different from the upper Yangshao culture. The pottery pieces are crisp in texture and uneven in color. There are almost no large pieces of pottery, and most of the funerary objects in the tomb have been broken. Excavators vividly called these pottery pieces "pastry", which shows that the pottery-making technology was relatively primitive at that time.

In 5000 BC, many exquisite painted pottery were found in Yangshao cultural site in banpo village, Xi 'an, which shows that during Banpo period, people have been able to control the kiln temperature skillfully and the painting art has reached a high level.