Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional stories - When did the Lantern Festival originate?

When did the Lantern Festival originate?

The earliest Lantern Festival originated in Qin and Han Dynasties. According to relevant historical records, at the end of Qin dynasty, there was a saying that "on the fifteenth day of the first month, lanterns were burned to worship the Taoist Taiyi God". It can be seen that the Lantern Festival evolved from the national custom of "honoring God and sending the New Year".

In BC 180, Liu Heng put down the rebellion of the Lushi family, which happened to be the 15th day of the first month. To celebrate his victory in counterinsurgency, Liu Heng pardoned the whole world and celebrated with the whole world. At that time, all kinds of colorful lights filled the streets. According to legend, during the Yongping period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, people began to have the habit of putting lights on the street. Since then, the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month has also been called the "Lantern Festival".

When I arrived in Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, on the fifteenth day of the first month, a lighthouse with a height of 20 knots and a height of 150 feet was erected, and pearls, jade and gold and silver pendants were hung on it, jingling. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made Nanjing his capital, and it was stipulated that lanterns should be hung from the eighth day of the first month to the seventeenth day of the first month, and a colored shed should be set up on the Qinhuai River in Nanjing. After Judy moved to Beijing, she opened a two-mile lantern market in Donghuamen. In the Qing Dynasty, the Lantern Festival was more prosperous, and there were more kinds and styles of lanterns. At present, Lantern Festival, the technology of making lanterns is more advanced, and people prefer to watch lanterns. The annual Lantern Festival not only attracts tourists from all over China, but also attracts a large number of foreign tourists.

Respondent: js Lao Zhang-Apprentice Wizard Level 3 2- 15 15:29

The 15th day of the first lunar month is the traditional Lantern Festival in China. The first month is January, and the ancients called the night "Xiao". The fifteenth day is the first full moon night in a year, so the fifteenth day of the first month is called the Lantern Festival. Also known as "Shangyuan Festival". According to the folk tradition in China, the moon is high in the sky and there are 10,000 lanterns on the ground on the festival night of Spring Festival, so people can watch lanterns, solve riddles on the lanterns, eat Yuanxiao and have family reunion.

Lantern Festival originated in the Han Dynasty, and it is said that it was set to commemorate Pinglu when Emperor Wen was in power. After the death of Emperor Liu Ying of the Han Dynasty, Lv Hou usurped power, and the Lushi family dominated the state affairs. After Lv Hou's death, Zhou Bo, Chen Ping and others eliminated the influence of Lv Hou and established Liu Heng as the emperor of China. Because the day to calm Zhu Lu is the fifteenth day of the first month, after that, every year on the fifteenth night of the first month, Wendi will go out of the palace in disguise and have fun with the people as a souvenir. The fifteenth day of the first month is designated as the Lantern Festival. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the sacrificial activities of "Taiyi God" were held on the 15th day of the first month. Sima Qian listed the Lantern Festival as the main festival in taichu calendar.

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Interviewee: ygnh 7 15- scholar level 2-15 15:33

Originated in Qin and Han Dynasties.

Interviewee: ☆ Looking for ☆-Tong Sheng Level 1 2- 15 16:43

Because of geographical reasons, there are many opinions about the origin of Lantern Festival. Please have a look:

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The origin of Lantern Festival

02/ 10/2006/09:33 Huaxia Jingwei.

Lantern Festival is a traditional festival in China, which began in the Western Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago. Lantern Festival viewing began in the period of Emperor Han Ming in the East. Ming Di advocates Buddhism. He heard that on the fifteenth day of the first month, monks watched the Buddhist relics and lit lanterns to worship the Buddha, so that all the gentry and ordinary people hung lanterns. Later, this Buddhist ceremonial festival gradually formed a grand folk festival. This festival has experienced the development process from the court to the people, and from the Central Plains to the whole country.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty ordered the 15th day of the first month to be designated as the Lantern Festival. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the sacrificial activities of "Taiyi God" were scheduled for the 15th day of the first month. Taiyi: the God who rules the universe. When Sima Qian created the taichu calendar Law, he had already identified the Lantern Festival as a major festival.

Another way of saying it is that the custom of burning lanterns in Lantern Festival originated from the "ternary theory" of Taoism; The fifteenth day of the first month is Shangyuan Festival, the fifteenth day of July is Zhongyuan Festival, and the fifteenth day of October is Xiayuan Festival. The officials in charge of the upper, middle and lower elements are heaven, earth and man respectively. The celestial officials are happy and the Lantern Festival should be lit.

The festivals and customs of Lantern Festival have been extended and expanded with the development of history. As far as the length of festivals is concerned, there is only one day in Han Dynasty, three days in Tang Dynasty and five days in Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, lights were lit from the eighth day of August until the seventeenth night of the first month, a total of ten days. Connected with the Spring Festival, it is a city during the day, full of excitement, and brightly lit at night, which is spectacular. Especially the exquisite and colorful lights make it the climax of entertainment activities during the Spring Festival. In the Qing Dynasty, there were more "hundred operas" such as dragon dancing, lion dancing, dry boating, walking on stilts and yangko dancing, but the festival period was shortened to four to five days.

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The origin of Lantern Festival

Yuanxiao was only called the fifteenth day of the first month, the first half of the first month or the full moon when the early festivals were formed, and it was called Yuanxiao or Yuanxiao after Sui. Influenced by Taoism in the early Tang Dynasty, it was also called Shangyuan, but it was only in the late Tang Dynasty that it was occasionally called Yuanxiao. But since the Song Dynasty, it has also been called Dengxi. In the Qing dynasty, it was also called the Lantern Festival. In foreign countries, Lantern Festival is also called Lantern Festival. Of course, all kinds of lanterns are the main features of Yuanxiao, but in the development history of this festival, lanterns did not appear until the Sui Dynasty (58 1-6 19), which was regarded as one of the later programs, and it was not until the Tang Dynasty that lanterns became the main symbol of Yuanxiao. It is generally believed that the Lantern Festival began in the first lunar month of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. But it is not necessary to worship Taiyi in the first month, and it is not held every year. So I'm afraid the origin of Yuanxiao can't be said when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Other claims that Yuanxiao originated from Taoist Shangyuan Festival or Buddhist Lantern Festival are not supported by enough evidence. As mentioned in the "Habits" section below, Yuanxiao was a festival that gradually formed in the third century and developed into a fixed festival in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. However, lanterns and hundreds of dramas that later became the main festivals of the Lantern Festival didn't begin until Yang Di, who was also an emperor who formalized the Lantern Festival celebrations.

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The origin of Lantern Festival

......

Responder: Desert Man-Great Magician 13 Level 2- 15 17:49

Qin and Han dynasties

Good answer! Seriously!

Respondents: Angel DJ with Black Wings-probationary period level 1 2- 15 18:0 1.

Lantern Festival has a history of more than 2,000 years in China, also known as "Lantern Festival". According to the ancient custom of China, January refers to the full moon, and there are so-called "three yuan" in a year-the fifteenth day of the first month is called Shangyuan, the fifteenth day of July is called Zhongyuan, and the fifteenth day of October is called Shangyuan Festival, so the Lantern Festival is also called Shangyuan Festival. "Night" means night, so Lantern Festival also means the first full moon night of the year.

According to textual research, the origin of Lantern Festival is said to be related to offering sacrifices to "Taiyi God". God Taiyi, also known as God Taiyi, rules storms, famines and plagues on the earth. It is said that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was ill for a long time, but he was miraculously cured after asking God Taiyi for help. In the fifth year of Ding Yuan (BC 122), the Taiyi altar was built to offer sacrifices. On the fifteenth day of the first month of each year, people stayed up all night, and decorated the Lantern Festival with big lanterns, which formed the custom of decorating the Lantern Festival.

During the Lantern Festival, people eat Yuanxiao to celebrate the festival and symbolize family reunion. In addition, there are folk entertainment activities such as hanging lanterns, solve riddles on the lanterns, welcoming children, walking on stilts, lion dancing and dragon dancing. Until now, this series of celebrations full of excitement and joy is called "Lantern Festival".

Now every Lantern Festival, there will always be a grand lantern festival everywhere. Generally speaking, there are many people in the ancient Lantern Festival, and the festival activities are colorful. In ancient times, there was a lack of communication opportunities between men and women, so the Lantern Festival naturally became the day when ancient lovers met. For example, Ouyang Xiu also wrote a poem: "Last year's Lantern Festival, the flower market was full of lights. On the moon, the willows shoot, and people meet after dusk. " Therefore, Lantern Festival is also called "China Valentine's Day".

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Respondent: czzyq- senior manager level 6 2- 15 18:06

The origin of Lantern Festival

It was about Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty at that time. Other claims that Yuanxiao originated from Taoist Shangyuan Festival or Buddhist Lantern Festival are not supported by enough evidence. As mentioned in the section "Customs" below, the Lantern Festival was gradually formed in the third century and developed into a fixed festival in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. However, lanterns and hundreds of dramas that later became the main festivals of the Lantern Festival didn't begin until Emperor Yang Di, who also made the Lantern Festival an official festival.

Legend of the lantern festival

There are several interesting legends about the origin of the Lantern Festival:

Legend 1: Legend has it that a long time ago, a god bird got lost and landed on the earth, but was accidentally shot by an unsuspecting hunter. Emperor Tiandi was very angry when he learned that, so he ordered the heavenly soldiers to set fire to the world on the fifteenth day of the first month and burn all mankind to death. The daughter of the Emperor of Heaven was kind-hearted, and could not bear to see the innocent suffering of the people, so she risked her life to tell the people the news. When people heard the news, it was like a blow to the head. I'm too scared to know what to do. After a long time, an old man came up with an idea. He said: "On the 14th, 15th and 16th of the first month, every family hangs red lanterns, lights firecrackers and sets off fireworks. In this way, the emperor will think that people have been burned to death. " Everyone nodded and said yes, and they were ready to go separately. On the fifteenth night of the first month, the mountain soldiers looked down and found that there was red light in the world, thinking it was the flame of a big fire, and told the Emperor not to set fire to the ground. People thus saved their lives and property. In order to commemorate this success, every household hangs lanterns and sets off fireworks on the fifteenth day of the first month to commemorate this day.

Legend 2 is related to the custom of eating Yuanxiao: According to legend, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had a favorite named Dong Fangshuo, who was kind and funny. If someone in the palace offended Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Dong Fangshuo always intervened. One winter, it snowed heavily for a few days, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty felt a little bored. Dong Fangshuo went to the Imperial Garden to fold plum blossoms for Emperor Wu. As soon as I entered the garden gate, I found a maid-in-waiting crying and preparing to throw herself into the well. Dong Fangshuo rushed forward to help and asked her why she committed suicide. It turns out that this maid-in-waiting is named Yuanxiao, and there are parents and a sister at home. She has not seen her family since she entered the palace. Every spring comes, I miss my family more than usual. She thought that since she could not be filial to her parents, she might as well die, so she came to the well. Dong Fangshuo sympathized with her after hearing what happened to her, and assured her that she would try her best to reunite her with her family. On this day, after Dong Fangshuo left the palace, he set up a divination pavilion on Chang 'an Avenue. Many people are scrambling to find him for divination. Unexpectedly, what everyone wants is the signature of "burning us on the 16th day of the first month". Suddenly, there was a big panic in Chang 'an. People are looking for a solution to the disaster. Dong Fangshuo said, "On the night of the 13th day of the first month, Vulcan will send a' goddess in red' to visit us. She is the messenger who was ordered to burn Chang 'an. If you see a girl in red riding a pink silver donkey, kneel down and beg at once. The girl said,' I'm here to burn Chang 'an. The Jade Emperor will stand on the worse gate and watch. Thank you for your father's intercession. I will give you the copied poem so that the son of heaven can make a difference. ""Say that finish, he dropped a red pillar and roared off. The people picked up the red post and quickly sent it to the palace to report to the emperor. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took it, and it read: "Chang 'an is robbing, burning the palace, burning for 16 days, and the supper is red." Surprised, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty invited resourceful Dong Fangshuo. Dong Fangshuo thought for a moment and said, "I heard that Vulcan likes to eat dumplings. Don't Yuanxiao in the palace often make dumplings for you? /kloc-You can let Yuanxiao package jiaozi on the evening of 0/5. Long live the incense and offerings, and order every family in Kyoto to pack jiaozi and worship Vulcan together. Then he told his subjects to hang lanterns, light firecrackers and set off fireworks together in Izayoi, making the city full of fires, so as to deceive the Jade Emperor. In addition, the people outside the city were informed that Izayoi went to the city to watch the lights and mingled with the crowd to eliminate disasters and solve problems. Liang Wudi was very happy after hearing this, so he ordered him to do it according to Dong Fangshuo's method. On the 16th day of the first month, Chang 'an City was decorated with colorful lights, and the tourists were bustling and very lively. Yuanxiao's parents also took their sister to the city to see the lights. When they saw the big palace lantern with the words "Yuanxiao" written on it, they shouted in surprise: "Yuanxiao! Lantern Festival! " When Yuanxiao heard the shouts, she was finally reunited with her parents and sister. After such a busy night, Chang 'an was safe. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was overjoyed, so he ordered that glutinous rice balls should be made for Vulcan on the fifteenth day of the first month of each year, and the whole city would be decorated with lanterns and set off fireworks on the sixteenth day of the first month. Because jiaozi cooked by Yuanxiao is the best, people call it Yuanxiao, and this day is called Lantern Festival.

Legend 3: After the death of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, Lv Hou's son Liu Ying became Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty. Hui Di was born weak and indecisive, and power gradually fell into the hands of Lv Hou. After Hui Di's death, he monopolized state affairs and turned Liu's world into Lu's. Senior officials in the DPRK and Liu Zongshi were deeply indignant, but they were afraid of cruelty and dared not tell anyone.

After Lv Hou died, Zhu Lu was afraid of being hurt and excluded. So, he secretly gathered in the general's home and plotted with * * * to make trouble in order to completely seize Liu's country.

This incident reached the ears of Liu Nang, the king of the Liu clan. In order to protect Liu Jiangshan, Liu Nang decided to attack Zhu Lu, and got in touch with the founding fathers to make a plot. The "Zhu-Lu Rebellion" was finally completely put down.

After the rebellion, the ministers made Liu Heng, the second son of Liu Bang, emperor and called him Emperor of Chinese. Impressed by the hard-won peace and prosperity, Emperor Wen designated the 15th day of the first month of the first month to quell the "Zhu-Lu Rebellion" as a day to have fun with the people, and every household in Beijing celebrated with lanterns and colorful decorations. Since then, the fifteenth day of the first month has become a folk festival celebrated all over the world-"Lantern Festival".

The 15th night of the first lunar month is the traditional Lantern Festival in China, also known as Shangyuan Festival and Lantern Festival. The Lantern Festival will be held on the fifteenth day of the first month, which will push the celebration on New Year's Eve to another climax. On the night of Lantern Festival, the streets are decorated with lanterns and people appreciate them. Solve riddles on the lanterns and eating Yuanxiao have become the customs of several generations.

The custom of enjoying lanterns on the Lantern Festival began in the Han Dynasty. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it developed into a grand lantern market. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Kyoto lantern market often stretched for dozens of miles. The Lantern Festival was limited to the 11th night of the first month in Han Dynasty, extended to three nights in Tang Xuanzong, and lasted from the eighth day of the first month to the seventeenth day of the first month in Ming Dynasty. Acrobatics appeared in the Lantern Festival in the Tang Dynasty, and lantern riddles began to appear in the Song Dynasty. Opera performances were added in the Ming Dynasty. The colored lanterns used in the lantern market are also interpreted as orange lanterns, silk lanterns, colorful sheepskin lanterns, boneless wheat straw lanterns, lantern lanterns and Kongming lanterns. Lantern riddles, which began in the Southern Song Dynasty, are lively and interesting. After the development and creation of past dynasties, there are more than 100 kinds of crossword puzzles still in use, such as foundation grid, swing grid, rolling grid, white grid, Xu Hege and so on. Most of them are limited in format, ingenious in requirements and full of wonderful meanings.

The custom of eating Yuanxiao began in the Song Dynasty. I wish the whole family a reunion, harmony and happiness in the new year. Yuanxiao is divided into solid and stuffing. There are five flavors: spicy, sweet, sour and salty. Can be boiled, fried, fried and steamed. Sweet-scented osmanthus wine makes Yuanxiao, five-flavor Yuanxiao made of meat stuffing, bean paste, sesame, sweet-scented osmanthus and nuts, and five-flavor Yuanxiao made of onion, mustard, garlic, leek and ginger have their own characteristics.

Respondent: Liao, Han, Han-Tongsheng Grade 1 2- 15 18: 12.

Qin and Han dynasties

Respondent: ljw 19942 1- probation period level 1 2- 15 19:25.

There are several interesting legends about the origin of the Lantern Festival:

Legend of lamp

Legend has it that a long time ago, there were many fierce birds and beasts everywhere that hurt people and livestock, so people organized to defeat them. A god bird was trapped and landed on the earth, but was accidentally shot by an unsuspecting hunter. The Emperor of Heaven was very angry when he learned that. He immediately issued a decree, ordering the heavenly soldiers to set fire to the land on the fifteenth day of the first month, burning all the people, livestock and property. The daughter of the Emperor of Heaven is kind-hearted. She couldn't bear to see the innocent suffering of the people, so she risked her life and secretly rushed Xiangyun to the world to tell people the news. When people heard the news, it was like a blow to the head. I'm so scared that I don't know what to do. After a long time, an old man came up with an idea. He said: "On the 14th, 15th and 16th of the first month, every family decorated their houses, set off firecrackers and set off fireworks. In this way, the emperor will think that people have been burned to death. "

Everyone nodded and said yes, and they were ready to go separately. On the night of the fifteenth day of the first month, the emperor looked down and found that for three consecutive nights, the world was red and the noise was deafening. He thought it was the flame of a big fire, and soon. In this way, people saved their lives and property. In order to commemorate this success, every household hangs lanterns and sets off fireworks on the fifteenth day of the first month to commemorate this day.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty set it up to commemorate Pinglu.

Another legend is that the Lantern Festival was established by Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty to commemorate Pinglu. After the death of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, Lv Hou's son Liu Ying became Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty. Hui Di was born weak and indecisive, and power gradually fell into the hands of Lv Hou. After Hui Di's death, he monopolized state affairs and turned Liu's world into Lu's. The old courtiers and Liu's imperial clan were deeply indignant, but they were afraid of cruelty and dared not speak out.

After Lv Hou's death, Zhu Lu has been in a state of anxiety, afraid of being hurt and excluded. So, in the general's home, they secretly assembled and plotted to make trouble in order to completely seize Liu's country.

This incident reached the ears of Liu Nang, the king of Qi in the Liu clan. In order to protect Liu's country, Liu Nang decided to fight Zhu Lu. Then, he contacted the founding fathers Zhou Bo and Chen Ping, and planned to get rid of Lv Lu. Finally, the "Zhu Lu Rebellion" was completely put down.

After the rebellion, the ministers made Liu Heng, the second son of Liu Bang, emperor and called him Emperor Wen. Impressed by the hard-won peace and prosperity, Emperor Wen designated the 15th day of the first month of the first month to quell the "Zhu-Lu Rebellion" as a day to have fun with the people, and every household in Beijing celebrated with lanterns and colorful decorations. Since then, the fifteenth day of the first month has become a popular folk festival-"Lantern Festival".

Dong Fangshuo and Yuanxiao Girl

This legend is related to the custom of eating Yuanxiao: According to legend, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had a favorite named Dong Fangshuo, who was kind and funny. One winter, it snowed heavily for several days, and Dong Fangshuo went to the Imperial Garden to fold plum blossoms for Emperor Wu. As soon as I entered the garden gate, I found a maid-in-waiting in tears ready to throw herself into the well. Dong Fangshuo rushed forward to help and asked her why she committed suicide. It turns out that this maid-in-waiting is named Yuanxiao, and there are parents and a sister at home. She has never seen her family since she entered the palace. Every spring comes, I miss my family more than usual. I think in front of my parents, I would rather die than be filial. Dong Fangshuo expressed deep sympathy for her suffering and assured her that she would try her best to reunite with her family.

One day, Dong Fangshuo left the palace and set up a divination pavilion on Chang 'an Avenue. Many people are scrambling to find him for divination. Unexpectedly, what everyone wants is the signature of "burning us on the 16th day of the first month". Suddenly, there was a panic in Chang 'an. People are looking for a solution to the disaster. Dong Fangshuo said, "On the 13th night of the first month, Vulcan will send a goddess in red to visit the earth. She is the messenger who ordered the burning of Chang 'an. I'll give you the copied poem and let the emperor do something. " Say that finish, then dropped a red pillar and roared off. The people picked up the red post and quickly sent it to the palace to report to the emperor.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took it and read: "Chang 'an is robbing, and the imperial palace is being burned. It has been burning for fifteen days, and the midnight snack is red." He was so scared that he hurriedly invited resourceful Dong Fangshuo. Dong Fangshuo thought for a moment and said, "I heard that Vulcan likes to eat dumplings. Don't Yuanxiao in the palace often make dumplings for you? Let Yuanxiao package jiaozi on 15th night. Long live the incense and offerings, and order every family in Kyoto to pack jiaozi and worship Vulcan together. Then tell the subjects to hang lights together on the fifteenth night and set off firecrackers and fireworks all over the city, as if the whole city were on fire, so that the jade emperor could be fooled. In addition, the people outside the city were informed that they would go to the city to watch the lights on the fifteenth night, and they would eliminate disasters and solve problems in the crowd. Liang Wudi was very happy after hearing this, so he ordered him to do it according to Dong Fangshuo's method.

On the fifteenth day of the first month, Chang 'an City was decorated with colorful lights, crowded with tourists and very lively. The parents of the maid-in-waiting Yuanxiao also took their sister to the city to see the lights. When they saw the big palace lantern with the words "Yuanxiao" written on it, they shouted in surprise: "Yuanxiao! Lantern Festival! " When Yuanxiao heard the shouts, she was finally reunited with her relatives at home.

After such a busy night, Chang 'an was safe. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was overjoyed and ordered to make dumplings for Vulcan on the fifteenth day of the first month.

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