College students in the classroom should comply with what etiquette?

Etiquette is a human being to maintain the normal life of society and require people to *** with the observance of the minimum ethical norms, it is people in the long-term *** with the life and mutual exchanges in the gradual formation, and customs, habits and traditions and other ways to be fixed. For a person, etiquette is a person's ideological and moral level, cultural cultivation, the external expression of the ability to communicate, for a society, etiquette is a reflection of the degree of civilization of a country's society, morality and living habits. Attaching importance to and carrying out etiquette education has become an important part of moral practice.

Etiquette education covers all aspects of social life. From the content of the appearance, demeanor, expression, dress, speech, and so on; from the object of personal etiquette, public **** place etiquette, hospitality and guest etiquette, table manners, gift etiquette, civilized interaction. Behavioral norms in the process of interpersonal communication is called etiquette, etiquette in the performance of speech and action is called politeness. Strengthening moral practice should pay attention to etiquette, so that people in the "respect for others, self-discipline, moderation, sincerity," the principle of interpersonal communication, goodbye to uncivilized words and deeds.

Etiquette, etiquette, manners, but it has its own regularity, the basic principles of etiquette: First, the principle of respect for others; the second is the principle of self-discipline, that is, in the process of interaction should be self-restraint, prudence, proactive, conscious and voluntary, courteous treatment, the same as in the table, self-control, self-reflection, self-requirement, self-examination, self-restraint, can not be presumptuous, the mouth is not the right thing to do; Third, the principle of moderation, moderation is appropriate, mastery of proportion; fourth, the principle of sincerity, sincerity, treating people with sincerity, do not play games, words and deeds are not the same.

I, personal etiquette

(a) Instrumentation

Instrumentation refers to the person's appearance, is the appearance of a person's mental outlook. A person's health habits, dress and the formation and maintenance of a dignified, generous instrument has a close relationship

1, health: cleanliness and hygiene is the key to the beauty of the appearance, is the basic requirements of etiquette. No matter how good looks, dress more expensive, if full of dirt, full of odor, it is bound to destroy a person's sense of beauty. Therefore, everyone should develop good health habits, to do to get up and wash your face, feet, morning and evening, meal logistics, brush your teeth, often wash your hair and take a bath, and pay attention to combing and changing clothes. Do not "clean personal hygiene" in front of people. For example, picking teeth, pulling out nostrils, digging earwax, manicure, rubbing dirt, etc., these behaviors should be avoided by others, otherwise, not only unsightly, but also disrespectful to others. You should keep a certain distance when talking with others, not too loud, and do not froth at each other's mouths.

2, clothing: clothing reflects a person's cultural quality of high and low, aesthetic taste of elegant and vulgar. Specifically, it should be natural and decent, coordinated and generous, but also to comply with some kind of agreed norms or principles. Clothing not only to adapt to their specific conditions, but also must always pay attention to the objective environment, the occasion of the person's dress requirements, that is, dress to prioritize the time, place and purpose of the three elements, and strive to dress in all aspects of the time, place, and purpose to maintain consistency.

(2) Speech

Speech as an art is also an important part of personal etiquette.

1, politeness: attitude should be sincere, cordial; voice size should be appropriate, the tone of voice should be calm and steady; respect for others.

2, phrases: honorifics, words of respect and courtesy. Such as the daily use of "please", "thank you", "I'm sorry", the second person in the word "you" and so on. Meet for the first time for "long time"; long time no see for "long time"; please criticize for "teach"; trouble others said "bother"; ask to give convenience for "borrowed light"; trust someone to do things for "please" and so on. To try to develop the habit of using honorifics. Now, our country advocates the polite language is ten words: "hello", "please", "thank you", "sorry", "goodbye". These ten words embody the basic linguistic form of speaking civilized.

(C) mannerisms

1, talk posture: the posture of the conversation often reflects a person's character, cultivation and civilized quality. Therefore, when talking, the first two sides should look at each other, listen to each other, can not look around, reading books and newspapers, with a tired face, yawning. Otherwise, it will give people the impression of absent-mindedness, arrogance, and other impolite.

2, standing posture: standing is the most basic human posture, is a static beauty. Standing, the body should be perpendicular to the ground, the center of gravity on the two front feet, chest, abdomen, award, head up, shoulders relaxed. Arms naturally hanging down or crossed in front of the body, eyes flat, face with a smile. Do not stand crooked neck, oblique waist, bent legs, etc., in some formal occasions should not be inserted in the pockets of pants or crossed in front of the chest, not to mention subconsciously do some small movements, which not only appears to be formal, giving a sense of lack of confidence, but also loss of elegance of the solemnity of the situation.

3, sitting posture: sitting, but also a static modeling. Sit in a dignified and beautiful, will give people elegance, stability, natural and generous sense of beauty. Correct sitting posture should be: waist and back straight, shoulder relaxation. Women should have both knees together; men's knees can be separated a little, but not too much, usually no more than shoulder width. Hands rest naturally on the knees or on the armrests of the chair. In formal occasions, when you take your seat, you should be gentle and slow, and you should be dignified and steady, and you should not get up violently and sit down violently, making the tables and chairs rattling and causing an awkward atmosphere. Regardless of what kind of sitting posture, the upper body should be kept upright, as the ancients said, "sitting like a clock". If you insist on this, then no matter how to change the body posture, will be beautiful, natural.

4, walking posture: walking is the main action of human life, walking posture is a dynamic beauty. Walking like the wind" is to use the wind on the water to describe the light and natural gait. The correct walking posture is: light and steady, chest should be up, head to lift, shoulder relaxation, eyes flat, smile, natural arm swing.

Two, meet etiquette

1, handshake: shaking hands is an important way to communicate ideas, exchange feelings and promote friendship. When shaking hands with others, gaze at each other, smile and salute, not absent-minded, left and right, not wearing a hat and gloves to shake hands with others. Under normal circumstances, the handshake time should not exceed 3 seconds, must stand to shake hands, to show respect for others, polite.

Shaking hands also pay attention to a certain order: generally speaking, "the decision of the honored one", that is, until the lady, the elders, the married, the position of a high person to extend his hand, the man, the younger generation, the unmarried, the position of a low person can extend his hand to echo. If a person has to shake hands with many people, then the polite order is: first elders and then juniors, first hosts and then guests, first superiors and then subordinates, first women and then men.

2, bowing: bowing, meaning bending over to salute, is a way of honoring others. Bow before the eyes politely look at each other, to show respect for the sincerity. When bowing must stand upright, take off your hat, solemnly, the mouth can not eat anything, or bowing while saying words unrelated to the salute.

3, salute: salute is a silent greeting etiquette, often used in social occasions to greet people. In social occasions, people often use a wave of greeting, owes a greeting, take off his hat and other forms of greeting to express the friendly intention.

Three, public **** etiquette

(a) specific public **** place etiquette

1, theater: the audience should be seated as early as possible. If one's seat is in the center, one should politely gesture to the person already seated and ask him/her to let him/her pass. When you pass the person who gives up his seat, you should face the person who gives up his seat, do not let your buttocks face the person who gives up his seat, this is very rude. Dress neatly, even in hot weather, and bare chests and stomachs are not a good idea. In the theater should not shout, laughing and noisy, and not the theater as a snack bar to eat and drink. After the show the audience should leave in an orderly manner, do not push and shove.

2, libraries, reading rooms: libraries, reading rooms are public **** study place.

(1) Be neat and tidy and follow the rules. You can not wear sweatshirts and slippers to enter the room. When seated, do not preoccupy a place for someone else. When checking catalog cards, do not turn them over or tear them, or scribble lines on them with a pen.

(2) Be quiet and hygienic. Walk with light footsteps, do not talk loudly, and do not eat food that is loud or has shells on it.

(3) Library, reading room books, chairs, tables and benches belong to the public **** property, should pay attention to care, do not arbitrarily carve, destroy.

(2) ride etiquette

1, riding a bicycle: to strictly abide by traffic rules. Do not run red lights, ride without umbrellas, do not chase each other or zigzag racing, do not ride with people. Encountered the old, sick and disabled people slow movement, to give understanding, take the initiative to yield.

2, by train, ship: in the waiting room, waiting room, to keep quiet, do not shout. When boarding a train or ship, line up in order and do not crowd. In the carriages and ships, don't spit, don't throw confetti and peels, and don't let children urinate or defecate anywhere.

3, by public **** bus: car to the station should be lined up, women, children, the elderly and the sick and disabled should be taken care of humility. Don't grab a seat when you get on the bus, and don't put your belongings on the seat to occupy it for others. When encountering the elderly, the sick, the disabled and the pregnant and carrying a baby passengers should take the initiative to give up their seats.

(C) travel and tourism etiquette

1, sightseeing: all travelers should take care of the public **** property in the travel and tourism area. Public * * * * buildings, facilities and cultural relics and monuments, and even flowers and trees, can not be destroyed at will; not in the columns, walls, monuments and other buildings on the writing, painting, carving; do not spit, urinating and defecating, polluting the environment; do not throw peel and paper, debris.

2, hotel accommodation: travelers living in any hotel do not live in the room loud noise, so as not to affect other guests. Be courteous to the waiters and express your gratitude for the services they provide.

3, restaurant meals: respect the waiter's labor, the waiter should be humble and courteous, when the waiter is too busy to wait patiently, do not knock the tables and bowls or shouting. For the waiter's work on the error, to be kindly put forward, not cold words, to be sarcastic.

Four, school etiquette

Schools, as a specialized place to teach and educate people, etiquette education is an important part of moral and aesthetic education.

(A) student etiquette

Students are the main body of school work, therefore, students should have a general knowledge of etiquette is an important part of school etiquette education. Students in the classroom, in the activities, in the process of getting along with teachers and classmates have to comply with certain etiquette.

1, classroom etiquette: observe classroom discipline is the most basic courtesy of students.

(1) class: the bell rings, students should be seated in the classroom, waiting for the teacher to class, when the teacher announced the class, the class should quickly stand at attention, greet the teacher, to the teacher replied to the salute, before sitting down. Students should arrive at school on time for class. If, due to special circumstances, they have no choice but to enter the classroom after the teacher has begun class, they should first obtain the teacher's permission before entering the classroom.

(2) Listening to lectures: In the classroom, students should listen carefully to the teacher's explanations, pay attention, think independently, and take notes on important content. When the teacher asks a question, you should raise your hand first, and only when the teacher points to your name can you stand up and answer, and when you speak, your body should be upright, your attitude should be generous, your voice should be clear and loud, and you should use Putonghua.

(3) Class dismissal: When the bell rings, if the teacher has not yet announced the dismissal of the class, students should listen to the lecture, do not busy packing books, or the table ping-pong, which is disrespectful to the teacher. At the end of class, all students should still stand up and say "goodbye" to the teacher. Only after the teacher has left the classroom can the students leave.

2, dress and instrumentation: the basic requirements of dress: fit; timely; neat; generous; pay attention to the occasion.

3, respect for teachers etiquette: students in and out of the campus or up and down the stairs to meet the teacher, should take the initiative to salute the teacher hello. When students enter the teacher's office, they should knock on the door first and enter only after the teacher's permission. In the teacher's work or living place, students should not casually rummage through the teacher's belongings. Students should not point out or judge the teacher's looks and clothes, but respect the teacher's habits and personality.

4, etiquette among classmates: the deep friendship between classmates is a force for unity and love in life. Pay attention to the etiquette and manners between classmates, is the basic requirement for you to get a good relationship with classmates. Classmates can call each other by name, but can not use "feed", "hey" and other impolite language address classmates. When asking for help from classmates, use polite words such as "please", "thank you", and "please". When borrowing school and daily necessities, you should ask for permission before taking them, and return them in time after use, and thank them. For classmates' misfortune, occasional failure, temporary backwardness in learning, etc., should not be ridiculed, sneered at, discriminated against, but should give enthusiastic help. You should not judge your classmates' appearance, physique, or clothing, nor give them insulting nicknames, and you should never laugh at their physical defects. In these matters of self-esteem must be careful and respect, classmates taboo topics do not go to talk about, do not casually discuss classmates are not.

5, assembly etiquette: assembly in the school is often held activities. Generally held in the playground or auditorium, due to the large number of participants, and is a formal occasion, so pay extra attention to the etiquette of the assembly. Raising the national flag ceremony: the national flag is a symbol of a country, raising and lowering the national flag is a way to educate young people about patriotism. Whether it is a primary or secondary school or a university, the ceremony of raising the national flag should be held regularly. When the flag is raised, all students should line up in neat rows, face the national flag and stand at attention in salute. When the national flag is raised and the national anthem is played, they should stand at attention, take off their hats, and salute until the flag-raising is finished. Raising the flag is a serious, solemn activity, must keep quiet, do not free activities, heckling or looking around. The demeanor should be solemn, when the five-star red flag rising, all present should look up and watch.

6, school public **** place etiquette: should consciously keep the campus clean, not in the classroom, hallway, playground littering confetti, peels, not spitting, not dumping garbage. Not on the blackboard, walls and desks and chairs, scribbling, painting, smearing, carving, care of school property, plants and trees, saving water and electricity. Consciously store bicycles in designated carports or locations, do not park indiscriminately, and do not block traffic on campus. Eating in the cafeteria to line up courtesy, not crowded, to love food, not pouring leftovers.

(II) Teacher Etiquette

Teachers are the main body of school work, not only is the disseminator of scientific and cultural knowledge, but also the educator of students' ideology and morality. Teachers in the dissemination of knowledge at the same time, with their own words and behavior, etiquette and manners of the students to carry out a subtle influence, so that the role of the students' words and behavior. Therefore, teachers should pay close attention to the impression they leave on students, to make themselves from all aspects of a good, students can follow the example.

1, the teacher's demeanor: a person's temperament, self-confidence, cultured often from his posture can be shown. As a teacher who shapes the engineer of the soul of mankind, it is all the more important to pay attention to their behavior and demeanor on various occasions, to be generous, decent, natural and not false.

(1) Gaze: When lecturing on the podium, the teacher's gaze should be soft, kind, and godly, giving people a sense of calm, approachable, and opinionated. When the speech error was interrupted by the students, or students in the emergence of unexpected things to interrupt your lecture, can not cast a contemptuous or disdainful gaze, which is detrimental to your image in the minds of the students.

(2) standing posture: the teacher standing lecture, both the importance of the students, more conducive to the body language to strengthen the teaching effect. Standing lecture, should stand firm and straight, chest naturally raised, do not shrug your shoulders, or too high head. When you need to walk on the podium, your steps should not be too big or too sharp.

(3) gestures: the teacher lectures, generally need to be accompanied by moderate gestures to strengthen the effect of lectures. Gestures should be appropriate, natural, appropriate, with the relevant content. Do not knock on the podium, or other excessive movements during the lecture.

2, the teacher's speech: the main task of teachers can not be separated from the language expression. Therefore, as a teacher, pay attention to the etiquette and manners that should be observed when expressing language.

(1) Expression should be accurate: every course set in the school is a science, with its rigor and scientific nature. Teachers should strictly follow the requirements of the subject when teaching it and should not vulgarize it.

(2) the volume should be appropriate: lecturing is not shouting slogans, the voice should not be too loud, otherwise, it will give students a sense of hissing. If the voice is too low and difficult to hear, will also affect the teaching effect.

(3) the language should be concise: lecture to grasp the center, no nonsense and redundant words, give students a clean feeling.

(4) Lecture can be inserted at the right time some funny, humorous words, in order to enliven the classroom atmosphere, and enhance students' interest in learning.

3, talk with students:

(1) Advance notice, be prepared. It is best to talk to students in advance to greet them, so that students have a thought to prepare, which is both a kind of politeness and respect for students.

(2) Greet warmly and set an atmosphere of equality. Behave in a proper manner. When talking, the tone of voice should be calm and patient, not high volume, not backbiting, and should show good moral cultivation.

(3) Separate occasions and be reasonable. When talking to people, the teacher's expression should be harmonized with the conversation object and content. Do not overstate the facts, deliberately exaggerate them, nor should you spread unfavorable solidarity or hearsay.

Five, official etiquette

(a) face to face reception Zayi

Superior visit, reception should be thoughtful. The work of the leadership to listen carefully, remember; leadership to understand the situation, to answer truthfully; such as the leadership is to sympathy, to express sincere gratitude. When the leaders leave, we should get up to see each other off, and say "goodbye" to each other.

Subordinate visits, the reception should be kind and warm. In addition to follow the general guest etiquette reception, to reflect the problem to listen carefully, a moment can not be answered to reply politely. At the end of the visit, to get up and send off.

(2) telephone reception etiquette

The basic requirements of telephone reception:

(1) the phone rings, pick up the phone first self-reporting, and then ask the other party's intention to call.

(2) telephone communication to carefully understand each other's intentions, and the other side of the conversation to make the necessary repetition and concordance, in order to show the other side of the positive feedback.

(3) A telephone log book should be available and important calls should be recorded.

(4) After the phone call, you should wait for the other party to finish the conversation and then end it with "goodbye". After the other party put down the microphone, and then gently put down, to show respect for each other.

(C) the introduction of etiquette

To the office of the guests to meet with the leadership, usually by the office staff to introduce, introduce. In guiding the guests to the leadership office in the road, the staff should walk in front of the guests left a few steps away from the position, avoid leaving the back to the guests. Accompanying guests to see the leader of this time, do not just focus on walking, you can randomly speak some decent words or introduce the general situation of the unit.

Before entering the leader's office, we should first gently knock on the door, get permission to enter, do not venture into, knocking on the door should be knuckled lightly, do not force to beat. After entering the room, should first nod to the leader, and then introduce the guest to the leader, the introduction should pay attention to the wording, should be hand gestures, but not with fingers pointing at each other. The order of introduction is generally low status, young introduced to high status, older; introduce male comrades to female comrades; if there are several guests visiting at the same time, according to the position of the high and low, according to the order of introduction. Introduced out of the room should be natural, generous, to maintain a better posture, out of the door should turn back and gently put the door on.

(D) by car

Office staff should pay attention to when accompanying leaders and guests out by car:

(1) Let the leaders and guests first, after their own.

(2) to take the initiative to open the door, and gesture with a hand, to be leaders and guests to sit down and then close the door, the general right door of the car for the upper, for the first, for the honored, so it should be the first to open the right door, close the door, do not force too hard.

(3) in the car seat is very delicate, our country is generally the right for the top, left for the bottom. Accompanying guests, to sit on the left side of the guests.

(E) handing and receiving

Handing and receiving is a common demeanor in life.

The basic requirement of etiquette is to respect others. Therefore, the handing of objects should be done with both hands to show respect for the other party. For example, handing over business cards: the two sides after the introduction of acquaintance, often to exchange business cards with each other. When handing over business cards, should be handed over with both hands respectfully, and the front of the card should be facing each other. When accepting another person's business card, you should also respectfully receive it with both hands. After receiving a business card, you should look at it carefully or consciously read the content of the card, not to receive a business card without looking at it and then stuff it into your pocket, or throw it around.

(F) meeting etiquette General etiquette of the meeting, the following points:

(1) the purpose of the meeting notice should be clarified.

(2) to send a good meeting notice. The meeting notice must state the time and place of the meeting, the subject of the meeting and the participants. It is important to send the notice a certain amount of time in advance so that participants can be prepared.

(3) arrange the venue. The size of the venue, depending on the content of the meeting and the number of participants. If the venue is not easy to find, it should be placed near the venue as a signpost.

(4) the meeting time should be compact. Open "marathon" type of long meetings, often above the long report, the following is in the head-to-head yawn. Therefore, "short and concise", the effective use of time, discuss substantive issues, should be regarded as a very important meeting etiquette.

(5) welcome etiquette. Where some large or medium-sized meeting, the participants of the meeting to do a good job of welcoming work. Generally should be formed before the meeting a meeting group, specializing in dealing with related issues.

VI, daily communication etiquette

(a) Banquet etiquette

Banquet is one of the common forms of communication activities in public relations interactions, just the right banquets, the two sides of the friendship will add a lot of color. Banquet to be on time, before going to the banquet should be groomed as well as attire, and strive to be neat and generous. In the banquet row, the guests should listen to the host's arrangements. Seated, the host greetings, you can begin to eat, take the dishes do not hold too much, such as not enough, you can take again. If the host pinches food for you, say "thank you". Eat in a civilized manner, shut up, chew and swallow slowly. Do not make noise or vomit. Do not talk when there is food in your mouth. When picking your teeth, cover your mouth with your hand or a napkin. When the host rises to make a toast, pause the meal and listen. When clinking glasses, the host and the guest of honor clink first. When there are many people, they can raise their glasses at the same time, not necessarily clinking. Don't drink too much, you can toast, but don't persuade and force.

(2) dance etiquette

Participating in the dance instrumentation, grooming should be neat and generous, try not to eat onions, garlic, vinegar and other foods with a strong stimulating odor, do not drink strong alcohol, not sweaty or tired to enter the dance floor. Those who suffer from colds should not enter the dance floor. It is best not to learn how to dance on the dance floor until you have learned how to dance.

Generally speaking, men should take the initiative to invite women politely; if they are in a superior-subordinate relationship, regardless of gender, the subordinate should take the initiative to invite the superior to dance. Dancing posture should be dignified, the body to maintain a flat, straight, positive, stable, never frivolous and reckless; men's movements should be gentle and elegant, should not be too tight, too close to the woman; in case of touching the feet of the dance partner or bumped into someone else, to politely apologize to the other side of the forehead. When the song is over, the dance can be stopped. The male partner should send the female partner to the seat, and thank you, the female partner should nod in return. In addition, you should also pay attention to civilized manners, to maintain the order of the dance floor, do not smoke, do not throw peels, do not talk and laugh, do not make a racket, and put an end to all rude behavior.

(C) visit etiquette

1, visit before the invitation etiquette: whether for business or private visits, should be contacted beforehand with the visit by phone. The content of the contact has four main points:

(1) self-reporting (name, unit, position).

(2) Ask the interviewee if he/she is in the organization (home), if he/she is available or when he/she is available.

(3) Propose the content of the visit (something to visit or a courtesy call) so that the other party is prepared.

(4) In the case of the other party agreed to set a specific time and place to visit. Be careful to avoid eating and resting, especially napping time. Finally, thank the other party.

2, visit in the demeanor:

(1) be punctual and punctual.

(2) The art of knocking. To use the index finger to knock on the door with moderate strength, knock three times at orderly intervals, and wait for the echo. If there is no answer, you can slightly increase the strength and knock three more times. If there is an answer, you can then stand sideways on the right side of the door frame, and then take half a step forward when the door opens, opposite the master.

(3) You can't just sit down if the host doesn't let you. If the host is an older person or a superior, one cannot sit down without being seated by the host. After the master gave up his seat, to mouth "thank you", and then use the rules of etiquette to sit down. If the host offers you cigarettes or tea, accept them with both hands and express your gratitude. If the host does not have the habit of smoking, you should restrain yourself from smoking and try not to smoke to show your respect for the host's habit. When the host offers fruit, wait for the older person or other guests to do so before taking it yourself. Don't be too casual even in the homes of your most familiar friends.

(4) Talk to your host in polite language.

(5) Conversations should not be too long. When you get up to say goodbye, apologize to your host for the intrusion. After going out, turn back and take the initiative to reach out and shake hands with the host, saying: "Please stay. After the master left, walk a few steps, and then look back and wave: "Goodbye".

Seven, foreign etiquette

In international communication, protocol is a very important work, many foreign activities, often through a variety of social protocol activities. Generally speaking, a variety of communicative activities, international practice, but countries often according to their own characteristics and customs, have their own unique practices, we should carry forward the good traditions of our country's state of etiquette in addition to pay attention to courtesy, etiquette, should also respect the countries, the customs of the various nationalities, to understand their different etiquette, courtesy practices, so that we can make our foreign activities in the real To do not be humble, not overbearing, to treat each other with courtesy.

1, demeanor: in foreign affairs activities, demeanor should be generous, dignified and stable, expression should be natural and sincere, amiable, not unrestrained. Standing, the body should not be crooked, do not lean on the desktop or leaning; sitting, the posture should be upright, do not cross your feet, shaking your legs, and do not show slouching, comrades should not spread their legs; walking, light footsteps, such as in case of emergency can be accelerated, but do not run in panic; talking, gestures should not be too much, and do not let out a loud laugh or shouting.

2, talk: when talking with foreign guests, the expression should be natural, the attitude should be sincere, the language should be civilized, the expression should be appropriate. Others in individual conversation with others, do not come forward to listen. If there is something you need to talk to someone, you should wait until the other person has finished. If you have to leave in the middle of a conversation because of an emergency, you should greet the other party and apologize. When talking to a foreign guest, do not ask about the other person's age, resume, marriage, salary, price of clothes and other aspects of his or her private life. When talking with foreigners, it is better to choose pleasant topics, such as sports competitions, cultural performances, movies and TV, scenic spots, travel and vacation, cooking and snacks, etc., which will be of interest to everyone. This kind of topic makes people relaxed and happy, and can be generally welcomed. If foreigners take the initiative to talk about topics we are not familiar with, we should listen carefully and ask for advice, do not pretend to understand, and do not take the initiative to talk with foreigners about their own half-understanding of the topic.