Must Know Astronomical Calendar Knowledge, Read Ancient Poetry

Must know the knowledge of astronomy and calendar, read the ancient poems

Star constellation

Anciently, the constellations are called star constellations. For example, "Fanjin Zhongjiu": "Now but I am a lord, a starry host in the sky. Ancient people believed that people with merit on earth were born from the stars in the sky.

Twenty-eight hosts

Ancient astronomers divided the stars in the ecliptic into twenty-eight constellations, known as the twenty-eight hosts, respectively: the eastern Canglong seven hosts: Angle, Hyper, the daofang, the room, the heart, the tail, Kei, the northern Xuanwu seven hosts: Doo, Ox, female, false, dangerous, room, wall, the western White Tiger seven hosts: Qui, Lou, stomach, Pleiades, Bi, mouth, Sen, the southern Jubilee seven hosts: Jing, Ghosts, Willow, Star, Zhang, Wing, Square.

Wang Bo, "Tengwangge Preface": "Linhua Tianbao, Dragon Light shoots the ruins of the bull." It means that there are natural treasures in the Huamei, and the light of the Longquan sword shoots directly to the star area of the Douxu and Niuxu.

Four Elephants

Four Elephants is a statement that the east, north, west, and south of the four sides of each of the seven hosts imagined as four animal images, called the four elephants. They are the "East Officer Canglong", "North Officer Xuanwu", "West Officer White Tiger", and "South Officer Vermilion Bird".

Comet attacked the moon

The comet is commonly known as the broomstick, the comet attacked the moon that the comet's light swept over the moon, according to superstition is a sign of major disasters.

Division of the field

Ancient astronomy said that the location of the twelve stars with the ground state, the position of the country corresponds to, such as quail fire corresponds to the week, quail tail corresponds to the Chu and so on. Astronomy, said the star; on the ground, said the field. For example, Wang Bo's "Tengwangge Preface": "Yuzhang County, Hongdu New House. The star is divided into wings and carriages, the ground is connected to the Henglu." It is said that Nanchang, Jiangxi Province is located in the wing, square hosts within the field.

Pleiades

The fourth of the seven western White Tiger hosts, consisting of seven stars, also known as the "banner" (the flag head of the meaning), belongs to the Jizhou subfield. In a poem by Wei Xiang of the Tang Dynasty, "The old general of Liaodong has snow on his temples, and he is still looking at the banner night and day," the banner refers to the Pleiades, and the poem shows the scene of a veteran general's high vigilance and careful defense.

Sen-Shang

"Sen" refers to the Senju of the seven White Tiger constellations in the west, and "Shang" refers to the Xinju of the seven Canglong constellations in the east, which is an alias for the Heart Constellation. Senjuku in the west, the heart of the host in the east, the two in the starry sky this out of the other, the other out of this no, so often used as a metaphor for the separation of people can not see each other. For example, Cao Zhi's poem, "The face has the speed of the scenery, but not the vastness of the Samsara", and Du Fu's poem, "Life does not meet each other, moving as in the Samsara".

Flowing fire

Flowing, downward; fire, refers to the Great Fire Star, that is, the heart of the Eastern Canglong seven hosts. For example, "Poetry Classic - July": "The fire flows in the seventh month, and the clothes are awarded in the ninth month." This is to say that in the seventh month of the lunar calendar, the position of the Great Fire Star has gradually descended from the middle sky to the west, indicating that the summer heat has receded.

Beidou

Also known as the "Seven Stars of the Big Dipper", it refers to the seven bright stars arranged in the shape of a dipper (or a ladle) in the northern sky. The names of the seven stars are: Tianshu, Tianxuan, Tiangui, Tianquan, Yuheng, Kaiyang, and Shakuang. They are arranged like a ladle, hence the name "Big Dipper". According to the Big Dipper, one can find the North Star, so it is also called "the pointing star". For example, in Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs", he said, "I'm not going to talk about the descending of the dipper, but I'm going to drink the milk of laurel in the Big Dipper."

The seventh of the seven northern Xuanwu constellations

The seventh of the seven northern Xuanwu constellations consists of two stars, and is also known as the "Eastern Wall" because it is to the east of the Chamber Constellation and resembles the wall of the Chamber Constellation. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shuo's poem "East wall is the library, West garden is the forest of ink" describes the wall as the library in the sky.

Transportation to Huagai

Huagai, the name of the constellation, *** sixteen stars, in the five emperors on the constellation, now belongs to the constellation of Cassiopeia. In the old superstition, it was thought that if a person committed the star of Huagai in his destiny, he would have bad luck.

Dongxi

In ancient mythology the sun god, whose name was Xihe, rode through the sky in a car pulled by six hornless dragons. Dongxi refers to the rising sun. For example, in "Promoting Weaving": "When the east sun has risen, I will lie stiff and sad." The phrase "the sun has risen in the east" refers to the fact that the sun has already risen in the east.

The Wolf

The brightest star in the sky, which was used as the main predator in ancient times. For example, Su Shi's "Jiang Cheng Zi": "I will pull the carved bow like the full moon, look to the northwest and shoot the sky wolf." Which use the dictionary are from the stars, carved bow refers to the arc yagyu star, Tianwu that is the star Sirius.

Wenquxing

Wenshixing, or Wenxing for short. The ancients believed that Wenquxing was the star in charge of literary luck, and that those who wrote well and were employed by the imperial court as senior officials were the descendants of Wenquxing. For example, Wu Jingzi's "Fanjin Zhongjiao": "These Chinese lords are all the Wenquxing in the sky."

The Big Dipper

The name of the star officials refers to the four stars in the handle of the Big Dipper. And Taoism believes that there are thirty-six Big Dipper stars and seventy-two Earthly Fury stars in the Big Dipper cluster. The novel "Water Margin" is influenced by this statement, the Liangshan Po one hundred o eight large and small insurrectionary leaders attached to the Big Dipper and the Earth's Fury stars descended.

Twenty-four seasons

Ancient people according to the sun's position within a year and the evolution of the ground climate caused by the order of the year three hundred and sixty-five and a quarter of the days are divided into twenty-four segments, divided into twelve months to reflect the four seasons, temperature, climate, etc., each month is divided into two segments, the first of the month is called the "seasonal "

The first quarter of the month is divided into twenty-four segments to reflect the four seasons, temperature, climate and other conditions.

The First Yang

It is a period of time around the eleventh month of the lunar calendar, after the winter solstice and before the beginning of spring. At this time, the first movement of Yang Qi, so it is called "the first sun". For example, in "Southeast Peacock Flight", "In the past, the Xie family came to your door at the beginning of the yang year."

The Four Seasons

The four seasons of spring, summer, fall and winter. In the lunar calendar, the first, second and third months of the lunar year are called spring, respectively, Mengchun, Midsummer and Quarter-spring; April, May and June are called summer, respectively, Mengxia, Midsummer and Quarter-summer; and fall and winter, and so on.

Social Day

Anciently, farmers worshipped the gods of the land, usually on the fifth e day after the beginning of spring and autumn. For example, in "Yongxuele", "I can look back at the Beaver Shrine, and see a piece of God's crows and drums", "She Drums" is used. The "social drum" in the song refers to the drums that are used to worship the god of the land on the day of the festival.

Next Nine

The 19th day of each month of the lunar calendar is a day for women to get together.

Stem and Branch

The collective name for the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches. Ten Heavenly Stems and twelve Earthly Branches are matched in sequence to form sixty basic units, which were used by the ancients as the serial numbers of the year, month, day, and hour, and were called the "Stem and Branch Chronicles".

Chronology

China's ancient chronology mainly has two kinds:

(1) the color of the sky chronology. The ancients initially divided a day and night into twelve hours according to the changes in the color of the sky, and their names were: midnight, cock-crowing, weekdays, sunrise, eclipse time, corner of the middle of the day, the middle of the sun, the declining sun, asr, sunrise, dusk, and the human fixing.

(2) Earthly Branches Chronology. The twelve earthly branches are used to represent the changes of the twelve hours in a day and night.