The original text and teaching plan of the Chinese Spring Festival in Beijing in the second volume of the sixth grade.

# 6th grade # Introduction The Spring Festival is an important traditional festival in China. Spring Festival is the first day of the first lunar month, also known as lunar calendar, commonly known as "Chinese New Year". It is the first day of the lunar new year, that is, the first day of the first month. In the traditional sense, the Spring Festival refers to the La Worship sacrificial ceremony from the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month to the 15th day of the first lunar month, with New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month as the climax. This is the biggest and most lively traditional festival in China. The following is carefully arranged for everyone, welcome to read.

China Spring Festival in Beijing, the original sixth grade, the second volume.

According to the old rules in Beijing, the Spring Festival begins almost at the beginning of the twelfth lunar month. "La Qibala, freeze to death in western Western jackdaw", which is the coldest time of the year. On Laba Festival, everyone cooks Laba porridge. Porridge is made of all kinds of rice, beans and dried fruits. This is not porridge, but a small agricultural exhibition. In addition, laba garlic will be soaked on this day. Put garlic cloves in vinegar, seal them, and serve as jiaozi for the New Year. By the end of the year, garlic is soaked like jade, and vinegar is a little spicy, which makes people want to eat more jiaozi. In Beijing, during the Spring Festival, every family eats jiaozi.

When children prepare for the Spring Festival, the first important thing is to buy mixed vegetables. This is made of dried fruits such as peanuts, dates, hazelnuts and chestnuts mixed with candied fruit. Children like to eat these odds and ends. The second important thing is to buy firecrackers, especially boys. I'm afraid the third thing is to buy all kinds of things-kites, diabolos, harmonicas and so on.

The children are in a hurry and the adults are nervous. They must prepare food, drink, wear and use for the new year to show the new atmosphere of the new year.

Lunar New Year's Eve is almost a preview of the Spring Festival. As soon as black firecrackers go off, it smells like Chinese New Year. On this day, I want to eat sugar. There are many vendors selling maltose and glutinous rice candy in the street. Sugar is rectangular or melon-shaped, sweet and sticky, and children like it best.

After twenty-three, everyone is busier, and the Spring Festival is coming in a blink of an eye. You must do a big cleaning before New Year's Eve. This is called a big cleaning. We should also prepare enough meat, chicken, fish, vegetables and rice cakes for at least a week-according to the old rule, most shops in Wutianmen are closed until the sixth day of the first month.

New Year's Eve is really lively. Every household is scrambling to make new year's dishes, and there is wine and meat everywhere. Men, women and children all put on new clothes, with red couplets outside the door and all kinds of New Year pictures in the room. On New Year's Eve, every household lights up all night, without interruption, and firecrackers go on day and night. People who work outside will go home for a reunion dinner unless they have to. That night, except for very young children, no one slept, and everyone had to stay up late.

The scene of New Year's Day is very different from that of New Year's Eve: on New Year's Eve, the street was crowded with people; On the first day of New Year's Day, all the shops put up wooden boards, and the firecrackers set off last night were piled in front of the door, and the whole city was resting.

Men pay New Year greetings to relatives and friends before noon. Women receive guests at home. Many temples inside and outside the city hold temple fairs, and vendors set up stalls outside the temples to sell tea, food and various toys. Children especially like to visit temple fairs, in order to have a chance to see the wild scenery outside the city, ride donkeys and buy those special toys for the New Year. There is a car race at the temple fair, and among the elderly, it is said that there is a camel race. These competitions are not to see who is the first and who is the second, but to perform the graceful posture and skillful skills of mules, horses and riders in front of the audience.

Most shopkeepers open their doors and set off firecrackers on the sixth day. From dawn to early morning, guns are everywhere in the whole city. Everyone is not very busy except the shops that sell food and other important daily necessities. The guys in the shop can also take turns visiting temple fairs, flyovers and operas.

The listing of the Lantern Festival has brought another climax to Spring Festival travel rush. On the fifteenth day of the first month, lights are decorated everywhere, and the whole street seems to be a happy event, prosperous and beautiful. Hundreds of lamps are hung in famous old shops, some are all made of glass, some are all made of horns, some are gauze lamps, and some are all painted with all the stories of A Dream of Red Mansions or Water Margin. This is also the advertisement of that year. As soon as the light is hung, anyone can visit the shop. At night, more people will watch by lighting candles under the light.

Children buy all kinds of fireworks to set off, even if they don't go to the street to be naughty, they can still play with sound and light at home. There are also lights at home: lanterns, palace lanterns, all kinds of paper lanterns, and gauze lanterns, with small bells inside, which will jingle when the time comes. On this day, everyone must also eat Yuanxiao! This is indeed a beautiful and happy day.

Blink of an eye to the residual light temple, the end of the Spring Festival on the 19th day of the first month. Students have to go to school and adults have to do things as usual. The twelfth lunar month and the first lunar month are the most leisure times for everyone in the countryside. After the Lantern Festival, the weather turned warmer and everyone went to work again. Although Beijing is a city, it also celebrates the New Year with the countryside. It's too noisy.

___________________

Lao She, the author of this article, made some changes in the selection of articles.

The teaching plan of the Chinese Spring Festival in Beijing in the second volume of the sixth grade.

[Teaching objective] 1. Know 9 new words and 2 polyphonic words and write 8 words. Accumulate words independently.

2. Read the text correctly, fluently and emotionally, understand the customs and habits of Spring Festival in old Beijing, feel the lively atmosphere of the festival, and understand the author's love for Beijing and life.

3. Understand the expression order of the article, and appreciate the meticulous and decent features of the article.

[Teaching Focus]

Understand the customs and habits of old Beijing and feel the unique charm of traditional Chinese New Year culture.

[Teaching difficulties]

Taste Lao She's language style and learn orderly and meticulous writing methods.

[Teaching preparation]

Courseware about nursery rhymes; Information on Spring Festival customs of ethnic minorities in various regions

[Teaching time]

2 class hours

[Teaching process]

first kind

First, create situations and introduce topics.

1. Students, do you like the Spring Festival? Can you tell me one or two things about the Spring Festival in your hometown?

Now, let's follow the writer Lao She and go to old Beijing for a Spring Festival full of Beijing flavor, and feel the unique folk customs and charming New Year culture.

Second, the preliminary reading of the text, the overall perception

1. Read the text freely, read the new words correctly, read the sentences fluently, and mark the natural paragraph numbers.

2. Ask the students to read the text in turn according to the natural paragraphs. Other students draw words or sentences that they don't quite understand while listening.

3. Exchange reports and understand the words according to the context.

Distinctive: an obvious, obvious and completely independent appearance. Describe two things that have nothing in common. This lesson refers to the sharp contrast between the "liveliness" on New Year's Eve and the "quietness" on New Year's Day.

Vientiane update: Vientiane, all the sights in the universe. More, change. Everything or the scene becomes brand-new.

4. Read the text again. Overall feeling: What impression did the Spring Festival in old Beijing leave you? Guide students to tell their initial feelings of "liveliness, liveliness, jubilation and reunion" in combination with reading. )

Third, read the text carefully and understand the customs.

1. When does the Spring Festival in Beijing start and end?

2. Read the text silently and complete the table in groups. Write down the main examples in detail.

The main example of time

Laba porridge, Laba garlic

On the 19th of the twelfth lunar month, I bought vegetables, firecrackers and gadgets.

Twenty-three sacrificial stoves

Put on new clothes, put up couplets and New Year's pictures on New Year's Eve, the sound of guns keeps going around the clock, have a family reunion dinner, worship ancestors and watch the new year.

On New Year's Day, men go out to pay New Year's greetings, while women entertain guests at home and visit temple fairs.

Lantern Festival is decorated with lanterns and fireworks.

3. Communicate the situation of filling in the form, and the teacher writes the key words on the board of the form. Mutual discussion with different opinions.

4. Look at the table above. Do you know what order the texts are written?

Fourth, read aloud and feel the folk customs.

1. Find out the most lively and festive days in the Spring Festival by reading and filling in the form. (New Year's Eve and Lantern Festival)

Which day do you prefer, New Year's Eve or Lantern Festival? Please find out the corresponding paragraphs and try to read the lively and festive atmosphere.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) summary and distribution

In this lesson, we learned the custom of celebrating the Spring Festival in old Beijing, the writing order of the text, and read our favorite paragraphs aloud. There are still many new words in this paper that need to be carefully pondered, and their sounds, shapes and meanings should be remembered in the context. We will hold a dictation competition next class.

Second lesson

First, dictation words

Jiaozi Laba Garlic High Vinegar Rice Cake/kloc-Visit the temple fair in February.

1. Check and correct the mistakes according to the text, and judge the champion of this dictation.

2. Explain the mistakes that are easy to make.

The word "boil" in "boil porridge" can't be connected with the bottom at the top left; The word "vinegar" cannot be written as "west" on the left.

Second, go deep into the fragment and read the text.

1. In what order did Mr. Lao She write it? What are the main time periods?

After answering the roll call, the teacher wrote on the blackboard: On the 19th day of the twelfth lunar month, there will be annual leave, and on the 23rd, there will be annual leave, New Year's Eve, New Year's Day and Lantern Festival.

2. Prepare for the New Year.

(1) In these five time periods, which time period is to prepare for the Spring Festival? (Laba, annual leave on the 19th day of the first month)

Please find out the paragraphs in the text that describe people's preparations for the New Year. (Paragraph 1-7) Which word do you want to use to describe the scene where people are preparing for the Chinese New Year? (You can use your own words or find out the "hectic nervousness" in the article)

(3) What are adults busy with? What are the children up to? How do they feel at this moment? Where did you see it?

What kind of activities do you like best? Please find it and read it.

⑤ Read the roll call and read your feelings.

Talk about what you will do before the Spring Festival.

3. during the Chinese new year.

① Communication: What days are highlighted? What are the characteristics of (New Year's Eve, New Year's Day, Lantern Festival)? (lively)

② Are they all equally lively? Meditation: What are the characteristics of New Year's Eve, New Year's Day and Lantern Festival? Find the key words in the text and read and think again and again.

(3) exchange experience, the teacher video guidance:

New Year's Eve: celebration and reunion; New Year's Day: carefree and happy; Lantern Festival: Prosperous and beautiful.

Read a passage from "New Year's Eve" to learn more about celebration and reunion.

Grasp the key words of "in a hurry, everywhere, wearing and pasting" and feel the joy and warmth of the New Year's Eve; Grasp "unless, for sure" to understand the position of Spring Festival in people's hearts and feel the atmosphere of reunion.

⑤ Read the passage "New Year's Day" to further understand the leisure and happiness of New Year's Day.

Focus on guiding reading and writing about places where people "visit temple fairs" to experience leisure and happiness.

Pay attention to the atmosphere of the Lantern Festival.

Draw sentences describing lanterns in the text and guide them to read aloud with emotion to understand the function of parallelism sentences. Guide imagination: what lanterns will there be? Besides lights, what else?

Read the key sentences: "New Year's Eve is lively, but there is no moonlight; What about the Lantern Festival? It happens to be the bright moon in the sky. Decent New Year's Day. Bright red Spring Festival couplets are posted in front of every household, and people are wearing new clothes, but they are not beautiful enough. Lantern Festival, lanterns are hung everywhere, and the whole street is like a happy event, brightly lit and beautiful. "Read aloud with emotion and experience the prosperity and beauty of the Tenth Five-Year Plan.

Third, summarize the text and understand the writing.

1. Abstract: From Laba to the 19th day of the first month, the text only describes the main activities in five periods, and outlines a lively, festive, joyful and peaceful Spring Festival for us. Let's go into the text again and experience the author's expression with heart.

2. Read the text silently, think independently, and then discuss in groups:

(1) Which parts of the text are detailed and which parts are short? What are the advantages of writing like this?

② Reread and write the paragraph "Laba". Think: Laba has many activities. Why write Laba porridge and Laba garlic separately? What are the advantages of writing like this? There are many ways to describe the main features of this text. Can you give another example?

If you were asked to write about the Spring Festival, what would you do? Recall your Spring Festival and write it down.

Fourth, homework

Read the text aloud and read the festive atmosphere of the New Year.

Blackboard writing:

Spring Festival in Beijing

New Year's Eve: Celebration and Reunion

New Year's Day: Leisure and Happiness

The Creative Background of China Spring Festival in Beijing, the second volume of Grade Six.

This article was written in 195 1 1 after liberation, and published in the second issue of the first volume of New Observation that year. At that time, New China had just been established, and the author wrote "I Love New Beijing", which talked about the changes in Beijing from three aspects: sewer, cleanliness, lighting and water. Almost at the same time, he wrote the article "Celebrating the Spring Festival in Beijing", describing the custom and lively atmosphere of Beijingers celebrating the Spring Festival, and expressing his praise for the new China and society.