Teaching plan of small class ancient poem Liangzhou Ci

(Tang) Wang Zhihuan

The Yellow River is far above the white clouds.

Wan Ren is an isolated city.

Why should a strong brother complain about willow?

The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass.

Liangzhou Ci: Also known as Chusai. Lyrics for Liangzhou, a popular song at that time. There are Liangzhou songs in Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry (Volume 79) and modern lyrics, and Yuan Yue is quoted as saying: "Liangzhou, Gongdiao Song, Governor of Kaiyuan Liangfu Guo Zhiyun, Chinese and Western." Liangzhou, subordinate to Longyou Road in Tang Dynasty, is located in Guzang County (now Liangzhou District, Wuwei City, Gansu Province).

Wang Zhihuan wrote this poem about the homesickness of frontier soldiers. It is desolate and generous, sad without losing strength. Although the resentment of garrison soldiers who were not allowed to go home was greatly exaggerated, there was no sense of depression and depression, which fully showed the open-mindedness and broadmindedness of poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

The first sentence, "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds", captures the characteristics of overlooking and depicts a moving picture: on the vast plateau, the Yellow River rushes away, looking far to the west, as if merging into the white clouds. The second sentence, "An isolated city, Wan Ren Mountain", is about an isolated city in the fortress. A lonely city located in the frontier fortress, standing tall by mountains and waters. These two sentences describe the majestic momentum of the motherland's mountains and rivers, outline the geographical situation of this important national defense town, highlight the desolate situation of foot soldiers guarding the border, and provide a typical environment for the latter two sentences to describe the psychology of defending the army.

Appreciation: In this environment, I suddenly heard the sound of Qiangdi, and the tune I played happened to be Broken Willow, which could not help but evoke the sadness of the garrison. The ancients had the custom of parting and giving gifts. "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic and presented to Liu as a souvenir. In the Northern Dynasty Yuefu's "Blowing the Drum Horn Across", there is "Folding Yang Liuzhi", and the lyrics say: "If you don't catch the whip when you get on the horse, you will hit Yang Liuzhi instead. Dismount and play the flute, worrying about killing travelers. " It is mentioned in the song that pedestrians break willows when they walk. This kind of farewell wind was very popular in the Tang Dynasty. Thus, there is a close relationship between willow and parting. Nowadays, when the frontier soldiers hear the sad tune of "Folding Willow" played by Qiangdi, it is inevitable that they will feel sad but not hate it. Therefore, the poet explained in an open-minded tone: Why does Qiangdi always play the sad tune of "breaking willow"? You know, outside Yumenguan is a place where spring breeze can't blow, so there are no willows to fold! To say "why complain" is not to complain, nor to persuade the guards not to complain, but to complain is useless. The use of the word "why complain" makes poetry more subtle and meaningful.

Three or four lines, which Yang Shen thought contained irony in Ming Dynasty. He said in the poem "Sheng 'an": "This poem is not as good as the frontier fortress. The so-called military gate is far more than Wan Li." When the author writes that there is no spring breeze there, it is a natural metaphor that the supreme ruler living in the bustling imperial city is not sympathetic to the people's feelings and ignores the soldiers guarding the border in Yumenguan. China's ancient poetry has always had a tradition of "happiness", not to mention "poetry fails to express its meaning". We think readers can't help but understand this point, but we are not sure whether the author really means it. Since the spring breeze outside Yumenguan can't blow, the willow outside Yumenguan naturally won't spit leaves. What's the use of complaining about it?

reference data

Ancient Poetry Network: http://so.gushiwen.org/