Information on hot air balloons

What is the information on hot air ballooning? Make it short.

A hot air balloon is a lighter-than-air craft with an atmospheric spherical upper half and a hanging basket lower half. The interior of the balloon heats the air so that it has a lower density relative to the cooler exterior air, which acts as buoyancy to displace the whole; the basket can carry passengers and heat sources. Modern sports balloons are usually made of nylon fabric with openings made of refractory materials.

It can be used for air sports, photography, and tourism. The first manned hot air balloon was made by the Montgolfier brothers and launched on November 21, 1783 by two men, Jean-Fran?ois PilatredeRozier and Fran?ois Laurentd'Arlandes in Paris, France.

The first hot air balloon to fly in the Americas was launched by JeanPierre Blanchard of Air France on January 9, 1793, from Nutmeg Prison in Philadelphia.

Expanded Information

The first people to invent miniature hot air balloons were the Chinese, who began making miniature hot air balloons out of eggshells as early as the 2nd century BC. In the Western Han Dynasty, King Liu An of Huainan, it was mentioned in the Huainan Wanbi Technique that an empty eggshell with burning Artemisia absinthium inside could be used to rise up in the air, but the holes in the eggshell should not be too big or too small to retain enough hot air inside.

Later, with the invention of paper, miniature hot-air balloons were developed, such as the Kongming lantern named by Zhuge Liang.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Hot Air Balloon

History of the Hot Air Balloon

History of the Hot Air Balloon:

The first manned hot air balloon was made by the Montgolfier brothers, on November 21, 1783, Paris, France, by Jean-Fran?ois PilatredeRozier and Fran?oisLaurentd'Arlandes both launched.

The first hot air balloon to fly in the Americas was launched by Air France's JeanPierre Blanchard on January 9, 1793, from Nutmeg Prison in Philadelphia. The current types are AA, AX, AM and AS.

The only driving force for flight in a hot air balloon is the wind. For a round-the-world balloon, the airflow at altitude must be selected at the right speed and direction, and moved along with it, in order to complete the flight efficiently. Just as a globe-trotter needs to keep changing planes, a balloon needs to ride on different air currents, and all the pilot has to do is adjust the altitude when "changing air currents," which is usually more than 10 kilometers high.

Expanded information:

In 1783, the French Montgolfier brothers created a 23-meter-high balloon with lots of decorations. This large balloon is shaped like an upside-down pear, the surface of the balloon is framed with a layer of leak-proof paper, the balloon is covered with a layer of lightweight gauze, and under the balloon there is also a cage made of wickerwork containing a rooster, a duck and a goat.

The balloon performed on September 19, 1783, in front of the Palace of Versailles in Paris. The balloon rose 500 meters into the air and remained there for about 8 minutes before landing 2.5 kilometers away. All three "passengers" were unharmed, except for the cockerel, which suffered a slight wing injury when it was kicked by a frightened goat in its cage.

So the world's first passengers were not human. The first human liftoff was a month after that. Considering the dangers of the first ascent, the original intention was for a convicted criminal to lift off on the condition that his freedom would be restored if he made it back to the ground alive.

At this point, there was a protest from a man named Jean-Fran?ois Pilatre de Rozier, who was adamant that the honor of being man's first aviator could not be bestowed on a criminal, and volunteered to be allowed to make such an attempt.

On Oct. 15, 1783, Rozier "flew" 26 meters into the air in a balloon and stayed in the air for about four and a half minutes by adding fuel to the balloon and filling it with hot air, making the first human flight.

A little more than a month later, he made a free flight with another passenger, Malky Darrand, and they flew in the air for about 25 minutes, traversing the whole of Paris, and causing quite a stir in all of France.

People's Daily Online - Hot-air balloon invented by Frenchman in late 18th century, first time human beings took to the sky

When was the hot-air balloon invented by whom?

Mengafi Brothers

In the 18th century, the Mengafi brothers, French paper merchants, invented the hot air balloon in Europe. Inspired by the way confetti rises in a fireplace, they experimented with paper bags to gather hot air so that they could rise with the air currents.On June 4, 1783, the brothers gave a public demonstration at the Place de l'Annonay in Lyon, where a simulated balloon with a 110-foot circumference rose and floated for 1.5 miles.

On September 19 of the same year, in front of the Palace of Versailles in Paris, the Mongefié Brothers performed a balloon ascension for the King, Queen, Ministers of the Court and 130,000 Parisians. On the afternoon of November 21 of the same year, the Mongefi Brothers in Paris Muette Castle carried out the world's first hot air balloon manned air flight, flying for 25 minutes, flying over half of Paris after landing in the Italian square near. The flight predated the Wright brothers' airplane flight by a full 120 years.

Expanded information:

Balloons as aircraft can be divided into two categories: hot air balloons and inflatable balloons. Both the same principle, even if the gas density inside the airbag is less than the density of the air outside the airbag, which produces buoyancy; when the buoyancy is greater than the balloon and the loaded objects together the total weight of the balloon, the balloon can be upward flight.

Looking more closely, a hot air balloon is designed to "control the temperature of the air in the balloon by regulating the heater on the balloon to adjust the temperature of the air in the airbag, thereby controlling the rise and fall of the balloon." As the air in the airbag gets warmer, the density of the gas in the airbag decreases, which creates a greater upward buoyancy, allowing the balloon to fly upward.

When the temperature of the air inside the airbag gradually decreases, the density of the gas inside the airbag gradually becomes larger, the buoyancy gradually becomes smaller, if the buoyancy is gradually smaller than the balloon and its load on the total weight of the balloon, the balloon, will be stranded in the air, due to the downward force of gravity, gradually larger than the upward buoyancy, and slowly landing.

The inflatable balloon is used to control the lift of the balloon by adjusting the proportion of outside air in the airbag and changing the density of the gas in the airbag; if necessary, the ballast can also be discarded to reduce the balloon's load, so that the balloon can obtain more upward force and not fall.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Hot Air Balloon

Introduction of Hot Air Balloon

Rozey, an 18th-century French physicist and pioneer of ballooning, invented a hot-air balloon that was named after him. Cameron, a hot air balloon specialist, improved it 20 years ago. Today's balloons, which are widely used by round-the-world aviators, all use a two-layer airbag, with a helium balloon inside, air between the two layers, and a burner placed underneath. The helium balloon remains buoyant throughout the flight.

The space shuttle is a manned spacecraft that takes off vertically and lands horizontally, and is launched into space with a rocket engine as its power, and is capable of orbiting and traveling between the Earth's surface and near-Earth orbit, and is a partially reusable spacecraft. It consists of three main parts: the orbiter, the solid fuel booster rocket and the external storage tank. Solid fuel booster rockets *** two, when launched, they and the orbiter's three main engines ignited at the same time, when the space shuttle rises to 50 kilometers high, the two booster rockets to stop working and separated from the orbiter, after the recovery of repairs can be reused 20 times. The external storage tank is a huge shell, filled with propellant for the main engine of the orbiter, before the shuttle enters earth orbit the main engine is turned off, the external storage tank is separated from the orbiter and burned up in the atmosphere, the external storage tank is the only part of the shuttle components that cannot be recycled. The orbiter is the manned portion of the Shuttle, with a large cabin that is divided into several "rooms" according to the needs of the space mission. There is a large cargo bay that can accommodate large equipment. The orbiter can carry three professional astronauts and four other crew members. Its cabin atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. After the Space Shuttle completes its mission in space orbit, the orbiter descends for return, landing horizontally on a predetermined runway like a glider. The orbiter can be reused up to 100 times.

The helicopter is mainly composed of the fuselage and the three major systems of lift, power and transmission, as well as on-board flight equipment. The rotor is generally driven by a turboshaft engine or piston engine through a mechanical transmission system consisting of a drive shaft and reducer, etc. It can also be driven by the reaction force generated by the propeller tip jet.

A dirigible is a light aircraft whose flight lift comes from air buoyancy acting on the fuselage, with maneuvering and propulsion systems. Usually its propulsion system consists of a propeller system driven by an aero engine. Airships generally have a huge airbag filled with lighter-than-air gases such as hydrogen and helium. Since hydrogen is very unstable and prone to combustion and explosion, modern airships use helium more often. Unlike balloons, blimps can be piloted and maneuvered. Depending on their material construction, airships can be categorized into rigid, soft and semi-rigid airships.

Fighter aircraft are military aircraft that are mainly used to protect our air power and destroy the enemy's ability to use air power. Characterized by excellent flight performance, maneuverability, firepower; modern advanced fighter aircraft are equipped with a variety of search, targeting fire control equipment, all-weather attack on all air targets. The world's first recognized sense of the fighter is the French Morana-Saulnier L-type aircraft.

Hot-air balloons have a long history in China, known as sky lanterns or Kongming lanterns, and noted scholar Joseph Lee noted that the Mongols had used them at the Battle of Ligonides in 1241 CE.

Over the dragon-shaped sky lanterns to send signals. It was only in 1783 that the Mongefi brothers of France released Europe's first balloon filled with hot air into the air. The Robert brothers of France were the first to take to the skies in a balloon filled with hydrogen.

Balloons are also used in many different countries around the world as a symbol of the big day. In many places, balloons of different colors can be seen on the streets. In some opening ceremonies, people will puncture the balloons to symbolize the important moment of the opening and also to gather the atmosphere.

Expanded Information:

Composition of a hot air balloon

1, the basket

Basket by the cane compiled from the landing can The basket is made of rattan, which can play the role of easing the impact when landing. Four corners of the basket placed four hot air balloon special liquefied petroleum gas cylinders, set the meter, the basket is also equipped with a temperature gauge, altimeter, elevation meter and other flight instruments.

2. Instruments

Altimeter: height indicator; elevation speed meter: shows the rising and falling speed; thermometer: indicates the air temperature inside the balloon.

3, burner

The burner is the heart of the balloon, burning compressed gas with an energy 150 times greater than that of an ordinary household gas stove. The ignition burner is the fire of the main burner, which rapidly heats up and warms up the air inside it to produce lift. In addition, there are two combustion systems on the balloon in case of a malfunction in the air.

4, balloon

Balloon is the balloon fabric part of the bearing hot air, high temperature, usually colorful nylon fabric made of the standard shape of a teardrop, can also be made into a variety of shaped ball, air contraction port is located at the top of the fabric, the balloon can be controlled to release hot air.

It covers the air-constriction panel sometimes called the top hat, which is the top, or spring-loaded top, of the umbrella. When opened, a hot air balloon resembles a parachute, and a partially open parachute valve is routinely used to cool the air inside the balloon.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Hot Air Balloon