How to carve couplets on wood? Required tools, methods, skills and precautions

Wood carving pays more attention to the choice of wood. Wood that is too hard is not easy to carve, and wood that is too soft is not easy to preserve.

Straight wire wood is easy to be damaged, so we should give consideration to both hardness and softness, and choose fine, smooth, tough and solid wood.

For it. Walnut, rosewood, teak, sandalwood, green husk and Toona sinensis are the most widely used wood. Because of camphor tree

Toona sinensis is widely used because of its natural insect resistance, delicate and flexible texture and rich material sources.

Green bark wood, water wax gourd wood, bean flower wood, catalpa bungeana wood, wild cherry wood, rhododendron wood and so on are also used more, because of the productivity of red sandalwood.

Small, more expensive, less used, in addition, there are many miscellaneous trees and pine trees in the local area. Artisans everywhere are used to local conditions.

Reasonable use of suitable wood produced locally or easily available.

The production process of wood carving generally has the following steps:

First, dehumidification

Wood with too much water can't be carved, and it will be deformed if it is wet for a long time, so it must be carved.

Drying treatment, because sunlight will cause wood deformation and cracking, so the usual dehumidification method is to remove wood.

Put your head in a cool and dry place or basement and let it dry naturally in the shade.

Second, describe

After cutting and planing the selected wood blocks, draw patterns or large shapes on them with a pen.

Sample. Patterns at different positions and levels can be represented by different color lines. Others don't draw shapes, but only mark a little part.

Or simply sketching, but most carving, especially fine wood carving, is regarded as a necessary process.

And the necessary effort.

Third, sculpture

There are three carving methods: relief, hollowing and intaglio carving. Relief is also called positive engraving, that is, there is no blank pattern

Part of the carving is concave, which makes the pattern protruding and gives people a three-dimensional sense of ups and downs. This is a common carving method, hollow carving, there are also

By carving, we mean that the non-pattern part is hollowed out, so that the empty space can be exposed and seen opposite. Hollow carving is the most widely used one.

Carving is often found in architectural woodcarving and furniture woodcarving, which can make the carved works have a vivid three-dimensional sense.

So it is often used in the main parts of wood carving ornaments. Hollow wood carving in architecture. Such as lattice doors, generally two or more layers overlap and stagger.

The bottom layer is all net wood, and the other layers are all patterns. The more layers, the richer the shapes. The more you can show high technology.

Super and concave carving, also known as orthographic carving, is a technique of carving with reverse graphics, which is lower than the picture. It is also used more. Relief and hollow carving are often used as decorations.

In more than half of the door, the relief is decorated in less than half of the door, and the concave carving is made on the text decorative board and the graphic decorative board.

Use more.

In the use of carving tools, in addition to the commonly used carving knives, there are chisels, hammers, trowels, axes, saws, cones, files and so on. , according to

Special tools, such as hooks, drills, wire saws, chisels, files, etc. , must be specially manufactured under different conditions. Woodcarving art

People are also blacksmiths (or familiar with blacksmiths), and often make various tools according to specific needs to ensure that all kinds of complex graphics can be

Carve it.

Fourth, polishing

The carved wood is angular and rough, and needs polishing. Previous polishing tools are commonly used.

Woodworking files are made of hard or tough natural materials such as fine sandstone, animal skins, tree fibers, hairy leaves and grass ash sand.

All right, now sand it with sandpaper.

5. Smooth feeding

After grinding in the past, the last process was smoothing or feeding (painting). Many woodcarvings are unpainted.

For example, a large number of doors, windows and household furniture should be coated with purple soil and tung oil to prevent cracking, seepage and decay.

Or brush a few lines of fire wine paint, or rub a little raw sesame oil, furniture made of walnut wood, and wipe it with walnut kernel, and it will be oily.

Natural infiltration into wood. Some wood carvings are colored with mineral pigments, while others are inlaid with gold. Main points of loading woodcarving

Raw lacquer is used, and tea tables, spring stools and square tables are used more. In order to show wood and grain, there are also many brushes with clear paint.

At present, rabbit brushes with craft paint are mostly used, and a small amount of oil painting pigments, pigments and publicity colors are used. Some of them are painted.

At first glance, although it is more vivid than the traditional wood carving without materials or using only tung oil and fire wine, it has a sense of appreciation and elegance.

Far more pleasing than traditional wood carving.