"This is a good thing"! China***s Central Committee and State Council call for sound service system to solve old-age problems

The problem of old age has become an important social proposition in China today.

On November 24, the Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Work of the Elderly in the New Era (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), which set out the key points for this proposition.

The opinions put forward, to improve the elderly service system, innovative home community pension service mode, based on home pension, through new construction, renovation, leasing and other ways to enhance the community pension service capacity. Further standardize the development of institutional pension, localities should develop institutional pension through direct construction, entrusted operation, purchase service, encourage social investment and other ways. Strengthen the construction of honorary homes. Researching and formulating policies on the management of pre-charged service fees for senior care institutions, and strictly preventing money-grabbing and fraudulent behavior in the name of senior care institutions. A list system for basic elderly care services has been established, and different groups of elderly people, such as the healthy, the disabled and the economically disadvantaged, are provided with appropriate services such as old-age protection, life care, rehabilitation and care, and social assistance, in a categorized manner. Improve the multi-level old-age security system, and gradually realize the full coverage of basic old-age insurance statutory personnel.

Opinions, "study the formulation of housing and other support policies, improve the ladder electricity, water, gas price policy, encourage adult children and elderly parents to live nearby or *** with life, fulfill the obligation to support, take care of the responsibility of" part of the also triggered heated debate.

"This is another important document following the joint issuance of the Outline of the Plan for Actively Responding to Population Aging by the Central and State Councils of China***." In the view of Meng Lilian, chief expert of the Sichuan Tianfu Health Industry Research Institute, the joint issuance of the opinions by the Central Committee and the State Council of China*** is intended to make a comprehensive deployment of the national work on aging in the new era.

"The opinion puts forward a lot of breakthrough measures, clear some specific solutions that were not clear before, such as how and what to do with home-based community care services, and put forward specific and clear requirements for local governments." Meng Lilian said, however, touting services, inclusive services and government-purchased services how to introduce market mechanisms still need to be explored. At present, the main body of the supply of elderly services is still too few, although there are many organizations, capital is ready to enter the field of elderly services, but due to the standards, procedures, content, etc. need to be further clarified, has entered due to various reasons to do a good job is still not much. Therefore, do not expect one opinion to solve all the problems.

In the community elderly, China Real Estate News, the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Newspaper also formed a joint research team went to the main cities to conduct research, as of November 8, the first batch of samples have all completed the questionnaire recovery, the research shows that 90% of the elderly in the community, the community has the rigid needs of the superior nursing station, but the community elderly service institutions hardware facilities are uneven, the supply of service content and lack of support for professional staff and financial problems are still hindering the institutions, and the lack of funding. As well as funding and other issues are still hindering the establishment of institutions, the urgent need to improve.

The first round of the survey covered 41 large communities in 24 cities under the jurisdiction of 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in Beijing, Tianjin, Guangdong, Henan, Liaoning, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Gansu, Hubei, Chongqing, Jiangsu, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region*** that meet the conditions for the transformation of old neighborhoods of more than 5,000 people, and the respondents* **counting 164,423 families.

"Silver society" quietly arrived

China since 2000 into the aging society, the elderly population accounted for the ratio of the total population continues to rise, the development of aging gradually accelerated.

According to data from the National Health and Health Commission, with economic and social development, people's average life expectancy has lengthened, with life expectancy per capita of China's residents increasing by 77.3 years in 2019.

As a result, the number of China's aging population is also increasing, in 2020, the country's elderly population over 65 years old is about 177 million, accounting for 12.64% of the country's population, has exceeded the international standard of 7% of the aging countries; the population of people aged 60 years old and above is about 268 million, accounting for 18.87% of the country's population.

An era of aging is approaching quietly. The problem of old age has gradually become a proposition of the times.

Behind the huge data of the aging population, there is an unknown problem of old age.

On November 18, 2019, a group called "one-child parents' old age exchange organization" appeared on Douban, where 50,000 one-child children share their anxieties, and they spit on each other, encourage each other, and warm up to each other. The group includes white-collar workers from private companies, civil servants, college students and writers.

Most of them were born into middle-class families in cities and towns, and their parents have a good pension, but even so, the problem of old age still worries them: they want to go abroad to study, but they can't let go of their aging parents; their workplaces are far away from their parents, so they don't know how to choose between them in the future. If your parents are sick at the same time, what if you can't spare the time and energy to take care of them?

They are struggling between love and responsibility.

Corresponding to this, the current domestic market for elderly services has not yet been fully energized, the development of unbalanced and insufficient, the effective supply of insufficient, the quality of service is not high and other problems still exist, the people's demand for elderly services has not yet been effectively met.

"How to reduce the pressure of old age, develop the cause of aging, and stimulate the silver economy, it is necessary to take a holistic view of the work of old age in the new era." Li Yuja, chief researcher of Guangdong Housing Policy Research Center, believes that most of the elderly living alone situation, it should improve the housing and community functions, make up for the short board of elderly facilities and services, to realize the old and improve the quality of old age. To this end, the views put forward, based on home care, through new construction, remodeling, leasing and other ways to enhance the capacity of community elderly services. In the past, the neighborhood, the configuration of the elderly function in this regard is relatively weak. Now, the transformation of old neighborhoods, urban renewal are required to make up for the elderly facilities and services, mainly aging, barrier-free renovation, day care centers, social welfare center construction and senior activity centers.

In Li Yujia's view, "the views also encourage adult children and elderly parents to live nearby or *** with life, which is also in line with China's old age in the home plus the tradition of child support, in the case of increased pressure on the old age pension balance is reduced, the children and their parents *** with life or live nearby, which is the lowest cost of the model of old age. "

? Community pension still exists pain points

The challenge of old age is not only in the material level, but also the consumption concept of the older generation.

"We are now serving mostly older people from the 1930s and 1940s." Zhang Lei, director of the Yihai Youjia Senior Living Center, said in an interview that the biggest pain point for community senior living is actually the consumption concepts of this generation of older people.

"Labor costs are getting higher and higher for community senior care providers, but the willingness of the elderly to pay has not followed suit. For most seniors, frugality is a virtue and money has been saved for their children. Therefore, the services provided by community-based senior care are not a necessary expense for them." Zhang Lei cited the example of an elderly family members paid in advance to the agency's service costs, we still met with resistance from the elderly every time we visit the service. Elderly people think that their children are "spending money blindly".

The government has also been providing support.

In March 2019, Premier Li Keqiang, on behalf of the State Council, made a government work report to the second session of the 13th National People's Congress. In the government work report, Li Keqiang proposed to vigorously develop the old age care, especially the community old age care service industry, and give tax relief, financial support, preferential prices for water, electricity, gas and heat, and other support to organizations providing day care, rehabilitation care, meal assistance and mobility assistance in the community, and the newly built residential areas should be complementary to the construction of community old age care facilities, and reform and improve the policy of combining medical care and nursing care, and expand the pilot of the long term care insurance system to let the elderly Have a happy old age, later people will have a promising future.

"With the support and subsidies given by the government, we have also done some free activities, wanting to establish user habits first. At the time of the activities, the elderly are more enthusiastic, and since then, the community elderly have also been attracted to receive services, but the current results are still not too big." Zhang Lei said.

For this time, the Central ****, the State Council issued the opinion, Zhang Lei said, "the release of the opinion, of course, for our community elderly service industry is a good thing, we also very much hope to be more professional, more perfect, and ultimately, the community elderly service the best."

In the community elderly, from the China Real Estate News, the National Committee of the CPPCC News survey results, at present, the excellent nursing station is the community "short board project". 24 neighborhoods in only 1 neighborhood with excellent nursing station and can provide some of the elderly day care services; the number of neighborhoods with no planning for the number of 10; 7 neighborhoods There are activity centers for the healthy elderly, but no day care services for the elderly; what's more, five districts, although the planning and construction of the property has been reserved for the excellent nursing station, but has been used for other purposes.

At the same time, the results of the survey show that: according to the actual situation of the current community property rooms, 22% of the community can be converted into other property rooms for the elderly, 9% of the community would like to expand on the basis of the original activity center for the elderly; and 69% of the community needs to build a new elderly care station.

Jiangsu Zhangjiagang Yonglian village of the village more than 700 vitality and semi-incapacitated elderly people for centralized old age, "a small" problem to take help, by the community's great concern, the formation of a unique "a small one old" model of support for the elderly.

The youth and the elderly in the surveyed families have a very urgent need for the construction of the Eugenics Station. The results of the survey show that all the families surveyed are willing to pay for the services of the UHSC, and the average monthly payment is more than 1,500 RMB. It can be seen that, at the family level, to solve the imbalance of one person's disability, the whole family imbalance, a baby's care affects the whole family, has become the whole society mechanism needs to have a hard supporting, the construction of the excellent nursing station has been imminent.

It is understood that in April 2021, the Beijing Municipality announced the first batch of old neighborhoods in 2021, the transformation list and the transformation content, the excellent nursing station is included in the "six rule seven supplement three norms" in the "menu" transformation content of the self-selected option. However, in the face of serious contradictions between community supply and residents' demand, whether it should be fully positioned to adjust this self-selecting option as a basic item of public **** financial input. Only in this way, can really make up for the old neighborhoods, "an old small service" short board, can really solve the worries of hundreds of millions of families.

At present, in order to promote China's excellent nursing station pilot first work, by the People's Political Consultative Conference Newspaper, China Real Estate Newspaper hand in hand with the country's 100 cities, hundreds of local party media, the top 100 real estate enterprises, the top 100 property, well-known medical and health care institutions and so on jointly initiated the "China's excellent nursing station co-ordination and construction of the promotion of the research", aims to promote media and CPPCC members in advising politics and gathering **** knowledge, promoting the exploration of theoretical and practical innovations and institutional innovations, promoting the construction of physical stations involved in the "old and young" service industry across the country, solving problems for young and middle-aged people, and promoting the development of the "old and young" service industry and related industries in China. This will help relieve the worries of young and middle-aged people, promote the development of domestic "one old and one young" service industry and related industries, explore new consumption hotspots and expand social employment, which will not only relieve the worries of young and middle-aged people, but also promote the realization of the service economy of immediate needs and the construction of a large domestic cycle. Therefore, adjusting the self-selecting option of the construction of the Usui station to the basic item of the public **** input is a major event of top priority.

Meng Lilian also admitted that, at present, the main body of the supply of services for the elderly is still too little, although there are many organizations, capital is ready to enter the field of services for the elderly, but due to the standards, procedures, content and so on need to be further clarified, have entered due to various reasons to do a good job or not much. Therefore, it is still necessary for the whole society to take action to solve the problem.