What are the strokes of Chinese characters in China?

1. Classification of Chinese character strokes:

1. Stroke: the smallest unit that constitutes the font of Chinese characters in italics. A pen shape is the shape of a stroke.

2. Main strokes: five basic strokes of Chinese characters: horizontal (1), vertical (3), apostrophe (3) and inflection (3). )。

3. Attached pen shape: it is a subordinate pen shape corresponding to the main pen shape.

4. Flat-brush strokes: horizontal, vertical, left-off and dot strokes and their corresponding penstrokes.

5. Folding pen shape: it is the main pen shape and its corresponding supplementary pen shape.

Second, the basic strokes of Chinese characters:

The basic strokes of Chinese Standard Input Method include 6 flat strokes and 2 folded strokes. Flat strokes can be summarized into six, as shown in the following table:

Folding strokes can be summarized into 2. Folding strokes in the following table include attached strokes and inductive folding strokes:

Stroke (bǐ huà) usually refers to points and lines of various shapes that make up Chinese characters, such as horizontal (1), vertical (2) and left (2). Stroke sometimes refers to the number of strokes, such as the Chinese character stroke index in front of the word book. [1] ? When expressing these two meanings, "stroke" can also be used as "stroke", but now it is standardized as "stroke" In addition, strokes also refer to pictures drawn with pens. This meaning is generally used in ancient books, but it is not commonly used or used at present.

there are eight basic strokes of traditional Chinese characters, namely, "point (両), horizontal (両), vertical (両), left (両), left (両), lifted, folded (両) and hooked (両). On January 3, 1965, the Chinese People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Culture and the China Character Reform Commission issued the "List of Printed Chinese Characters" and the "List of Modern Chinese Characters" issued by state language commission, the Chinese People's Republic of China and the State Press and Publication Administration in March 1988 stipulated five basic strokes: horizontal, vertical, apostrophe, dot and folding.

There are two types of Chinese characters: handwritten and printed. Handwriting refers to the handwritten form of characters, which is flexible and easy to express personal style. There are three kinds of modern Chinese handwriting: regular script, cursive script and running script. The strokes of handwritten Chinese characters are different due to the use of hard and soft pens, such as vertical strokes with hard pens, and short vertical strokes, long vertical strokes, hanging needle strokes and vertical strokes with soft pens (such as writing brushes).

Print refers to the printing form of characters. There are four types of modern Chinese characters: Song Style, Imitation Song Style, Regular Style and Bold Style, among which Song Style and Regular Style are the most commonly used. Before the arrangement of Chinese characters, there was a big difference in the strokes and gestures between the printed Song Dynasty and the printed regular script, such as the "i.e." of the printed regular script. In order to make the printed Song Dynasty and the printed regular script as consistent as possible, in principle, the printed Song Dynasty moved closer to the printed regular script. On January 3, 1965, the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China and the China Character Reform Commission (now state language commission) issued the "List of Printed General Chinese Characters" to standardize printing.

Generally speaking, the strokes are analyzed in the mainstream fonts of printing (Song Ti, Kai Ti, etc.). There are generally two classification methods for modern Chinese strokes: a rough classification method divides strokes into eight categories (the Eight-character Method) or five categories (the Zazi Method); Detailed classification divides strokes into basic strokes and derived strokes (compound strokes). When writing, the strokes whose direction has not changed from beginning to end are called basic strokes (that is, flat strokes), and those whose direction has changed are called derived strokes (compound strokes, that is, folding strokes).

A stroke is a line written continuously at one time when Chinese characters are written. It is the smallest constituent unit of Chinese characters. Detailed classification divides strokes into two categories: basic strokes and derived strokes (compound strokes). When writing, the strokes whose direction has not changed from beginning to end are called basic strokes (that is, flat strokes), and those whose direction has changed are called derived strokes (compound strokes, that is, folding strokes). At present, it is widely accepted by academic circles, which is summarized by Zhang Jingxian from 6196 words in "Printing General Chinese Character Font Table".

There are 6 basic strokes (i.e. flat strokes) and 25 derived strokes (i.e. folding strokes). The six basic strokes include: horizontal (1), vertical (2), left (3), dot (3) and si (4). ), mention (? ), the "GB13.1 Character Set Chinese Character Folding Specification" issued by the Ministry of Education and the Language Committee on December 19th, 21 also lists 25 kinds of derived strokes (folding strokes) for printing Song style:

Horizontal folding (? ), sideways (? ), horizontal hook (e), horizontal folding hook (? ), horizontal folding (? ), transverse bending (? ), transverse folding (? ), cross hook (? ), transverse bending hook (? ), horizontal hook (? ), horizontal folding (? ), transverse folding hook (? ), horizontal fold (? ), vertical lift (? ), vertical fold (? ), vertical hook (cut), vertical bend (? ), vertical hook (乚), vertical folding (ㄣ), vertical folding (? ), vertical folding hook (? ), skimming point (? ), fold (? ), oblique hook (? ), hook (? ）。 In addition to these 25 folding strokes, there is also a folding stroke "?"for printing regular script Chinese characters. (commonly known as "lying hook"). [7-8] ? Knowing the shape of strokes will count the number of strokes, which is helpful to guide writing and look up dictionaries.

according to the standard of regular script, Chinese characters are horizontal (1), vertical (2), left (3), dot (3) and folded (? ) five main strokes, of which the vertical and horizontal apostrophe points can be subdivided into nine.

note: sometimes the cross hook (? ) to the transverse bending hook (? , b), vertical fold (? ) classified as vertical folding (ㄣ) and horizontal folding (? ) is classified into transverse bending (? ), horizontal hook (? ) classified into oblique hook (? ）。

in addition to the 32 strokes mentioned above, there are also some strokes that are only used for individual Chinese characters. Such as: strokes "? (horizontal stroke) "is used in" 丠丠 "and so on, and the stroke"? (circle) "is used for" ,? 、? 、?” In the same class, the stroke "oblique hook" is used for "? (YA, Swallow) "and so on, strokes"? (left hook) "is used for" left hook "and so on.