How much traditional energy (such as oil and coal) is left on the earth, how many years it can be used according to the current situation, and the result of the continuous use of these resources.

A series of problems such as transportation, finance, industry and commerce caused by the exhaustion of traditional fossil energy such as oil and coal and the failure to establish a new energy production and supply system are collectively called energy crisis.

According to the general estimation of economists and scientists, by the middle of this century, that is, around 2050, oil resources will be exhausted and its price will rise to a high level that is not suitable for popularization and application. If the new energy system is not established, the energy crisis will sweep across the world, especially in developed countries in Europe and America that rely heavily on oil resources. The most serious state is that the industry has shrunk dramatically, and even war has been triggered by seizing the remaining oil resources.

In order to avoid the above difficulties, the United States, Canada, Japan and the European Union are actively developing renewable new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and ocean energy (including tidal energy and wave energy), or turning their attention to new fossil energy sources such as submarine combustible ice (hydrated natural gas). At the same time, hydrogen, methanol and other fuels, as substitutes for gasoline and diesel, have also received extensive attention. At present, the hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle, which is being studied enthusiastically at home and abroad, is a typical representative of this kind of energy intermediary application.

Energy is the most basic driving force for the development and economic growth of the whole world and the foundation of human survival. Since the industrial revolution, energy security has emerged. 19 13, when the British navy began to use oil instead of coal as its power, Churchill, then an admiral, put forward the principle of "never relying on only one oil, one process, one country and one oil field", which is still not outdated. With the increasing demand for energy in human society, energy security is gradually closely linked with political and economic security. In the two world wars, energy has become an important factor affecting the outcome of the war and determining the fate of the country. French Prime Minister clemenceau once said, "A drop of oil is equivalent to a drop of blood of our soldiers". It can be seen that the importance of energy security has been widely recognized by the international community at that time. The two oil crises that broke out in 1970s greatly expanded the connotation of energy security. In particular, the International Energy Agency (IEA) established in 1974 formally put forward the concept of energy security with stable oil supply and price as its core, and western countries have also formulated energy policies with energy supply security as its core. In the following two decades, with the support of stable energy supply, the world economy has achieved tremendous growth. However, while enjoying the benefits of economic development and scientific and technological progress brought by energy, mankind has also encountered a series of inevitable energy security challenges. Energy shortage, resource competition and environmental pollution caused by excessive use of energy threaten the survival and development of mankind. At present, some conventional energy reserves in the world can only last for half a century (such as oil) and can meet the needs of human survival for one or two centuries at most (such as coal).

Today, the population of the world has exceeded 6 billion, more than twice that of the end of last century, and the energy consumption has increased by 16 times according to statistics. No matter how many people talk about "saving" and "using solar energy" or "drilling more oil wells or gas wells" or "discovering more and larger coal fields", the supply of energy can't keep up with the human demand for energy. At present, the world's energy consumption is dominated by fossil resources, among which a few countries such as China are dominated by coal, and most other countries are dominated by oil and natural gas. According to the current consumption, experts predict that oil and natural gas can only last less than half a century at most, and coal can only last for one or two centuries. Therefore, no matter what kind of conventional energy structure, the energy crisis facing mankind is becoming more and more serious.

At present, the energy security problem facing the world presents new features and changes that are obviously different from the previous oil crisis. It is not only an energy supply security issue, but also a comprehensive risk and threat including energy supply, energy demand, energy price, energy transportation, energy use and other security issues.

China is the largest developing country in the world, and it is also a big producer and consumer of energy. Energy output is second only to the United States and Russia, ranking third in the world; Basic energy consumption accounts for l/ 10 of the world's total consumption, ranking second in the world after the United States. China is also a country with coal as the main energy source, and the contradiction between economic development and environmental pollution is more prominent. In recent years, energy security has increasingly become the focus of national life and even the whole society, and has increasingly become a hidden danger of China's strategic security and a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of economy and society. Since 1990s, the sustained and rapid economic development in China has led to a sharp rise in energy consumption. Since 1993, China has changed from a net exporter of energy to a net importer. The total energy consumption has exceeded the total supply, and the external dependence of energy demand has risen rapidly. There are gaps in energy sources such as coal, electricity, oil and natural gas in China. Among them, the huge increase in oil demand and the structural contradictions caused by it have increasingly become the biggest problem facing China's energy security.

In the foreseeable future, the number of automobiles will not be greatly reduced, but the oil crisis will indeed have a certain impact on the automobile industry, such as developing new automobiles (such as hybrid, fuel cell, hydrogen power, solar energy, etc.). Reduce dependence on oil, reduce unnecessary car use (mainly private cars) to save fuel, etc. But on the whole, don't worry about reducing the number of cars.

Present situation and trend of new energy development

In the world, some renewable energy utilization technologies have made great progress and formed a certain scale. At present, the utilization technologies of biomass energy, solar energy, wind energy, water energy and geothermal energy have been applied.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) studied the international electricity demand from 2000 to 2030. The research shows that the annual average growth rate of total electricity generation from renewable energy will be the fastest. According to the research of IEA, the growth rate of non-water renewable energy power generation will exceed that of any other fuel power generation in the next 30 years, with an annual growth rate close to 6%. Its total power generation will increase five times between 2000 and 2030, and it will provide 4.4% of the world's total power by 2030, of which biomass energy will account for 80%.

At present, the proportion of renewable energy in primary energy is generally low, on the one hand, it is related to the importance and policies of various countries, on the other hand, it is related to the high technical cost of renewable energy, especially solar energy, biomass energy and wind energy with high technical content. According to IEA's forecast, the cost of renewable energy power generation will be greatly reduced in the next 30 years, thus increasing its competitiveness. The cost of renewable energy utilization is related to many factors, so the result of cost prediction is uncertain. However, these forecast results show that the technical cost of renewable energy utilization will decrease. Our government attaches great importance to the research and development of renewable energy. The State Economic and Trade Commission has formulated the Tenth Five-Year Plan for the development of new and renewable energy industries, and promulgated the Renewable Energy Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), focusing on the development of solar photothermal utilization, wind power generation, efficient utilization of biomass energy and geothermal energy utilization. In recent years, with the strong support of the state, China has made great progress in the fields of wind power generation, ocean energy tidal power generation and solar energy utilization.

New energy (or renewable energy is more suitable) mainly includes solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and biomass energy. After decades of exploration, many experts at home and abroad have said that this energy model can not be developed vigorously, which will not only rob the land resources on which human beings depend, but also lead to unhealthy social development; The development of geothermal energy and the use of air conditioners have the same characteristics. For example, large-scale development will inevitably lead to the destruction of the surface soil environment in this area and another change in the ecological environment; Wind energy and solar energy are inexhaustible healthy energy sources on the earth, and will surely become the mainstream of alternative energy sources in the future.

Solar power generation has the characteristics of simple layout and convenient maintenance, and is widely used. At present, the global total installed capacity has begun to catch up with the traditional wind power generation, and in Germany it is even close to 5%-8% of the national total power generation. The problems that followed made us unexpected. The time limit of solar power generation leads to the impact on the power grid. How to solve this problem has become a big problem in the energy field.

Wind power has entered the historical stage since the end of 19. In the development of more than one hundred years, it has been a lonely struggle in the field of new energy. Because of its relatively low cost, it has become the first choice for new energy development in various countries. However, with the increasing number of large-scale wind farms, the occupied land is also expanding, leading to increasingly prominent social contradictions. How to solve this problem has become another difficult problem for us.

As early as 200 1, MUCE conducted research on developing a stable island communication power supply. After more than six years of research and practice, a mature new application mode of MUCE wind-solar complementary system has finally been popularized to the society. This system adopts a new vertical axis wind turbine (H-type) independently developed by China and solar power generation 10: 3, which forms a relatively stable power output. It has been applied in buildings, fields, communication base stations, street lamps, islands and so on, and a large number of reliable usage data have been obtained. The research results of this system will bring new impetus to the development of new energy in China and even the world.

The new vertical axis wind turbine (H-type) breaks through the shortcomings of the traditional horizontal axis wind turbine, such as high starting speed, high noise, poor wind resistance and great influence by wind direction. It adopts completely different design theory and new structure and material, and realizes the performance of light wind start, no noise, typhoon resistance 12 or above and no influence from wind direction. Can be widely used in villas, multi-storey and high-rise buildings, street lamps and other small and medium-sized applications. The wind-solar hybrid power generation system based on it has the advantages of stable output power, high economy and little impact on the environment, and also solves the impact on the power grid in solar energy development.

With the approach of energy crisis, new energy has become one of the main energy sources in the future world. Among them, solar energy has gradually entered our ordinary life, and wind power generation can be seen or heard occasionally, but how can it be applied in practice as a new energy source? What kind of pattern will the development of new energy be? These problems will be explored for a long time to come.