What are Tibetan customs and habits?

Tibetan customs and habits are one of the historical and cultural traditions that have been formed and inherited in the course of long-term social and historical development, and are a reflection of the social history, politics, economy, psychological quality and cultural life of the Tibetan people. Tibetan customs and habits are extensive and varied, and there are many differences between different regions. Only a few major aspects are introduced here.

1, clothing, food, housing and transportation

clothing Tibetan clothing and costumes are colorful, and there are regional differences. Tibetan robe wide body long body, big lapel wide sleeves, is the most common clothing in Tibet. Agricultural areas more serge for robe material, or with tweed, satin, cotton, etc.; pastoral areas are more wearing leather robe, also with serge and other materials. Tibetan robe along the collar, cuffs, lapel, hem and other places to color serge, satin or otter skin edging. Women in rural areas wear sleeveless robes in summer. The Tibetan robes are particularly long and must be lifted up at the waist and tied at the waist with a belt. When the day is hot or labor, according to the need to bare out the right arm or both arms, need to put on again. When sleeping at night, unbuckle the belt, take off both sleeves, lay half cover half, convenient and practical. Tibetan robe within the shirt. Men are used to pure white, yellow, Chu and other colors; women are wearing a variety of bright colors, before the waist tied to the colorful "Bundian". Sleeves are longer, weekdays knot up, a party entertainment, colorful sleeves swinging, five colors dazzling, so-called long-sleeved good dance! Tibetan hats are of many kinds. General situation of men and women are wearing tweed hat, gold cap, pastoral areas also like to wear fox skin cap. Tibetans used to wear boots, boots with cowhide soles, boots embroidered on a variety of colorful patterns, beautiful and generous. Ornaments with gold and silver products, loose otoliths, amber, agate, jade, pearls, ivory and other precious jewelry. Women's headdress style varies, the more famous is "Ba Zhu", "Ba Guo"; braid decorated with gold, silver, beads and jade, body wear "Kawu" (protective Buddha box), wearing earrings, necklaces, bracelets, rings, etc., and so on. Every festival, the women were colorful clothes, ring pendant, beautiful end of the lady, a unique style. Men still wear swords and knives, earrings and bracelets. In the old days, ordinary officials have according to the official level of the official uniforms, monks have according to the monastic rules to wear the robe, a strict hierarchy. Nowadays in Tibet, while maintaining the traditional dress, a variety of styles of sportswear, suits, jackets, down jackets, travel shoes, sneakers, etc. are also widely welcomed, clothing fashion is quietly changing.

Food Tibetan food and drink is an integral part of Chinese food culture. Tibetan food is good at yak meat, sheep meat, dairy products and barley, potatoes and other diversified cooking; dish production means mainly with stewing, braising, jong, steaming, cooking, deep-frying, baking, focusing on soft and crispy, to maintain the original flavor for the purpose of the pasta is to steam, boiling, deep-fried as much; both high-grade delicacies, but also the public meal; customary silver and high-grade ceramics produced in the Mainland for the superior tableware, the use of the more common is wooden tableware. The main and side dishes of Tibetan food are relatively rich in variety, and the more common ones are Cordyceps stewed chicken, Cordyceps beef, deep-fried mutton chops, roasted leg of lamb, air-dried meat, crispy steak, blood sausage, noodle sausage, raw meat sauce, curried potatoes, turnip stewed beef, hand-held mutton, beef dumplings, beef dumpling, beef buns in soup, dry licked tsampa, potato dumplings, curried rice, Masen cake, fern (ginseng fruit), sweet rice, tuba (a kind of pasta), as well as A wide variety of snacks and desserts. Tsampa, the representative variety of Tibetan food, is the powder made from barley after frying the whole grain, either sifted or not sifted, with a mellow wheat flavor, various ways of eating, and convenient to consume. Tibet's famous beverages include not only traditional barley wine, ghee tea, sweet tea, milk tea, fresh yak milk, yogurt made from yak milk, etc., but also the medicine king's mountain brand of beer (customarily known as Lhasa Beer), which is produced from pure groundwater, and pure natural mineral water containing different trace elements produced in different parts of Tibet. Ghee tea is to make ghee, tea juice, salt (sometimes can also be added to eggs, walnuts, etc.) fully integrated drink, thirst. Barley wine is brewed with barley direct fermentation of low alcohol drinks, similar to the mainland's home brewed rice wine, sour and sweet. Sweet tea is made from black tea, fresh milk or milk powder and sugar, which is sweet and savory.

Living The traditional dwellings in Tibet can be roughly divided into several types: tent-type, watchtower-type, dry-fence-type, and upper and lower Yu-style. Tents are traditional dwellings in Tibetan pastoral areas, and are divided into many kinds according to different materials, uses, shapes, and specifications, the most important and common of which is the cowhair tent. Cow hair tent is made of yak hair fabric spliced and sewn together, the texture is thick, can withstand the wind and rain. Usually use a beam, two poles to support the center, around the four sides of the pull out of the right height, tent feet with pegs, goat horns and other traction fixed, will be completed. Demolition or support, it does not take half an hour can be completed. Inside the tent, the stove is located vertically in the center, behind the more simple Buddhist niche. One side of the niche stacked wheat, barley, ghee and milk residue, was built into a low wall; the other side of the bedding, suitcases, robes. Into the tent, the right side of the upper seat, guests were welcomed to sit here. With the development of the times and the improvement of the herdsmen's life, the settlement of Tibetan pastoral areas around the earth and wood houses as a symbol of the increasing number of settlements. In the old city of Lhasa, the old houses are mainly stone blocks made of watchtower. These houses are mostly flat-roofed building construction, the middle is the patio, surrounded by rooms, along the side of the corridor connectivity; appearance of the lower wide on the narrow, trapezoidal, the lower part of the stone wall is up to 1 meter thick. The roof is a platform, people often in the roof of the building to worship God, entertainment, walking and looking out over the landscape. The former nobleman's residence, the main building is 3 to 4 layers high; civilian homes are mostly two or three layers, three or five households or even dozens of households living in the same compound. Wet and rainy Murdock, Bomi, Milin and other places, housing are used in dry structure, the floor from the ground distance of more than one meter. Layout for the square, the door facing east, windows to the west, the door has a balcony. Near the forest area, most of the wooden houses are constructed with logs, but there are also those with stone walls underneath and wooden boards on top, and the roofs are often pressed with a lot of stones. In Pari, it is popular to build flat houses made of stones with black tiles and white walls. The upper building and lower building type houses are the most common form in the western, central, northern and northeastern regions of Tibet, all with flat roofs. In recent years, most of the settlement houses built in Tibetan pastoral areas are of this kind. Cottages predominate, with fewer buildings. The walls are mainly of stone masonry and boarded earth. Because of the different situations and conditions in different places, the scale of such dwellings varies, and the simplicity and complexity are not the same. In addition, with the improvement of people's living standards, represented by Lhasa, eastern Tibet, southern towns and their suburbs of the countryside began to rise a kind of independent courtyards, houses around the planting of flowers and grasses of the new style of residential architecture, travelers called the garden villa-style building. The house building has cottage and building, beautiful style, bright color, spacious and comfortable, good lighting, water supply and drainage and power supply system is complete, not only maintains the characteristics of the traditional Tibetan residential building, but also has some innovation, and thus widely popular, increasing. Reference/z/q256626685.htm