Thirteen-way dictionary

The names of these thirteen roads are: Fahua, Sobo, Mijiang Xi 'ai, Yiqi, Gusu, Huailai, Ashes, Yaotiao, Yuan Qiu, Yan Qian, Renchen, Jiangyang and Middle East. In particular, it is pointed out that the names of each of the thirteen quotations are only two representative words that conform to this quotation, and there is no other meaning, so other words of this quotation can also be used to represent this quotation, such as Quotations, Quotations of Money, Quotations of Immortals or Quotations of Three Thousand.

Extended data:

"Ladies and gentlemen, please sit down. Listen to me. I will sing in front of the disciples on 13th Avenue. " Today, I will talk to you about thirteen great ways.

To say "Thirteenth Avenue", we must first discuss several important concepts.

The first concept is "syllable", which is the basic structural unit of pronunciation and the most natural phonetic unit in language flow. Generally speaking, except for "Hua Er Yin", the pronunciation of a Chinese character is a syllable. For example, the five Chinese characters "I", "Xi", "Huan", "Xi" and "An" in I like Xi 'an are five syllables. From the perspective of physiological phonetics, a syllable is formed when the pronunciation organ is tense once. For example, when we pronounce "Xian [Xiān]" and "xi an [x and' ān]", although the pronunciations are basically the same, when we pronounce "Xian", the pronunciation organ only pronounces the tense once, and "xi an" pronounces the tense twice.

Although syllable is the most natural phonetic unit in the language flow, it is not the smallest phonetic unit, which can be further analyzed. From the perspective of phonetics, vowels and consonants are called phonemes, which are the smallest pronunciation units. I believe that everyone has already learned the relevant knowledge when learning a foreign language, so I won't say much here. According to the analysis method of Chinese phonology, a syllable can also be analyzed into three parts: initial consonant, which refers to the consonant at the beginning of the syllable, such as syllable "[h m 4 o] [ho]", and the consonant H is its initial consonant. If there is no consonant at the beginning of a syllable (such as "love [ài]"), it is called "zero initial syllable"; Vowel refers to the part after the initial in a syllable, for example, in the syllable "[h m 40]", "ao" is its vowel, and there is no initial in a syllable, for example, "ai [ài]", and its vowel is "ai"; The unique pitch change in syllables is tone, also known as tone. The tones of Putonghua are also commonly known as "flat tone (one tone)", "flat tone (two tones)", "rising tone (three tones)" and "falling tone (four tones)". It should be noted that different dialects have different tones and tone types.

Today's topic is Thirteen Avenue, and the main research object is vowels in syllables. In Putonghua, vowels are mainly composed of vowels, and a few vowels are composed of vowels and nasal consonants (such as an, eng, etc. ). Typologically, Mandarin vowels can be divided into monosyllabic vowels (including A, O, E, I, U, ü) and disyllabic vowels [including ai, ei, ui, ia, ie, iu, ao, ou, ua, uo, üe, iao, uai, etc. ] Vowel with nasal sound. Structurally, vowels can be divided into three parts: rhyme head (also called middle tone), rhyme belly and rhyme ending. Rhyme belly is the backbone of a vowel, and its sound is the clearest and loudest relative to the beginning and end of a rhyme, so it is also called "main vowel" and is an indispensable part of every vowel. Generally, a, o and e can all act as it. When there is no A, O and E, I, U, ü and er can also act as it. There are only three rhymes, I, U and U, which appear after the initial and before the final, so it is also called "intermediate sound". The ending is limited to the I, U or N, ng in the middle of the vowel of a compound vowel.

360 Encyclopedia-Thirteen Roads