Detailed information of Huaiqingfu

Huaiqingfu, for the ancient government, the government ruled Hannei County (present-day Qinyang City, Henan Province), Ming jurisdiction over six counties, Qing jurisdiction over eight counties. The scope of the Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, Jiyuan City and Xinxiang City, Henan Province, under the jurisdiction of the original county territory. Republic of China in the second year of the abolition of the county, belonging to the north of Henan Province.

Huaiqing Province, east to Weihui Province 200 miles, south to Henan Province 180 miles, north to Shanxi Zeshou Province 120 miles, northwest to Shanxi Pingyang Province 500 miles. Southeast from the provincial capital Kaifengfu 300 miles.

Huaiqingfu is also the birthplace of Lanzhou beef noodles. In the historical data about Lanzhou beef noodles, there is such a record: during the Qing Jiaqing period, Gansu Dongxiang Ma Liuqi from Henan Province, Huaiqing Province, Hanoi County, Suzhai Village (Henan Boai County, Yue Shan Township territory) Chen Weijing to learn the beef noodle production process and then brought to Lanzhou, after the descendants of the Chen Chen family, Chen Wo-sheng, the Hui cooks Ma Baozai and other innovations, improvements, to "a clear (soup), two white (turnip), three green (vegetable)," and "a clear (soup), two white (radish), three green (vegetable), and three green (vegetable), and so on. radish), three greens (cilantro and garlic), four reds (chili) and five yellows (yellow noodles)" unified the standard of Lanzhou beef noodles. In the following 200 years, it is famous for its fresh meat and soup and fine noodles.

Basic introduction Chinese name : Huaiqingfu Era : Ming and Qing Dynasties Residence : Hanoi County Location : Jiaozuo, Jiyuan and Yuanyang counties in Henan Province Geographic location, history, topography, name origin, historical rumors, historical events, geographic location Huaiqingfu, east to Weihui Province 200 miles, south to Henan Province 180 miles, north to the Shanxi Province of Zeshou Province 120 miles, and northwestern Shanxi Province of Pingyang Province 520 miles. Northeast from the Changde Prefecture 400 miles, southeast from the provincial capital of Kaifeng Prefecture 300 miles. History Summer called "Qinhuai", later called "Huizhou". Yuan called "Huaiqing Road". In the early Ming Dynasty, in the first year of Hongwu (1368), in October for the Huaiqing Prefecture. Prefecture Hanoi, jurisdiction: Hanoi, Jiyuan, Xiuwu, Wuzhi, Meng County, Wenxian *** six counties. The end of the Qing dynasty government Hanoi, jurisdiction: Hanoi (now Qinyang City and Boai County), Jiyuan, Xiuwu, Wuzhi, Meng, Wen, Yuanwu (today's Henan Yuanyang Yuanwu Town), Yangwu (today's Henan Yuanyang County) *** eight counties. Republic of China in two years (1913), the abolition of the government of the county, belonging to the north of Henan Province, abolished the "Huaiqing" this has been used for hundreds of years of the old name, Hanoi County, the name was changed to Qinyang County (today's Qinyang City, Henan Province). From then on, Huaiqingfu as a place name out of the historical stage. Nowadays, its geographical scope is equivalent to the area under the jurisdiction of Jiaozuo City, Jiyuan City and Yuanyang County in Xinxiang City, Henan Province. Topography Huaiqingfu: [Chong, prosperous. Subordinate Hebei Province. Hebei town general, Huangqin Tongzhi stationed.] Early Qing Dynasty along the Ming system, leading county six. After cutting Kaifeng's Yuanwu, Yangwu to subordinate. Southeast from the provincial capital 300 miles. Wide three hundred and ninety miles, vast one hundred and thirty miles. The North Pole is thirty-five degrees and six minutes high. The capital is three degrees and twenty-seven minutes to the west. Leading county eight. He Nei [Chong, prosperous. Leaning. North: Taihang Mountains. Qinshui from Jiyuan into the Zuozhuan less water, water Jingzhu "east run small Qin Ting north, right combined with small Qin, times the stream water, Yu Semi-finish water, run wild king of the old city of the north". Its name is clear water runway Berxiang town, linen city for the pig dragon river, together with the south branch of the Feng Nim, south into the Meng. Its branch of the Jin Northeast through the city, together with the Liren River, the east out of the Jin note with the Guangji branch. The left will be Danshui, and east of Wudzhen, Gushuyi, into Wuzhi. Dan Shui from Shanxi Fengtai into, for Dan mouth, the way place City, Yuanxiang City, the output for the nineteen drains, the ancient light ditch, the boundary ditch, Changming ditch the former malfunction in the area, and note Qin. And the small Dan River for the big, together with the Baima ditch, way Qinghua town. Guangji River and the northern branch of the Feng Nim from Jiyuan into, and the extinction of Ji. Guangji re-divide into two branches of the Jin, and into the temperature. Seven towns: Chongyi, Bakhyang, Yu Semi-tai, Wanshan, Qinghua, Shangxiang, and Wude. There were two post towns: Qinhuai and Wanshan]. Jiyuan [Difficult. Seventy miles west of the prefecture. West: Wangya and Tiantan. Wang Yu, Zhi said "the world's first cave". Tiantai, Taoist book called "Qingxu small cave" also. Northwest: analyze the city, Qinling, Lingshan. North: Pan Valley. Northeast: Kongshan, Xiongshan. Southwest: the river from Shanxi Qiaqu into the water, and the water of the control. And east, the River Qingdu, Mazhu Chai River. Shui Jing note "Cham water way to the city, Cham east of the city". And east into the Meng. The water source out of the northwest mountains, southeast flow, southeast of the city of injection into the river, the river, the way to the mouth, to the village of Xun palms, silt. Therefore, the water Jingzhu, 湨 out of the original mountain Xun palm valley, commonly known as the white stream water. Side of the city southeast, its southern source of Gusao, Wuzhi, Qinling three mountain water from the right to come to the meeting, and southeast, the left Heji branch canal. Je out of the western foot of the Wang House Taiyi pool, Yan water, volt ninety miles to the **** mountain south, back out in the eastern hills, for the Jeju blasphemy. East and West, two sources of turbulence, its branch of the South injection of the Kashmir. And east into the Hanoi, for the Pig Long River. Northeast: Qinshui from Shanxi Fengtai into, for Fangkou, southeast, right歧为广济河，古秦渠. Water by note Zhu ditch, Yuan for the Guangji River, Ming for twenty-four weir. In the Yongfu weir of the Liren canal, in the Guangfu weir of the Feng Nim north and south canal, ancient Feng ditch, and the main canal and into the river. In the Yongli weir Yongli canal, and manifold for two, a south note for the name of the name of the name of the branch, a southeast for the name of the remaining name of the name of the river, into the. Shao Yuan town, the patrol division stationed. County stage one.] Yuanwu [difficult. Prefecture one hundred and eighty miles east. Ming belongs to Kaifeng. Yongzheng two years to subordinate. Northeast: Heiyang Mountain, ancient Luo water out. Southwest: River from Xingze into, and east into Zhongmou, natural drainage from the. Down to Fugou, seventy-five miles long. The county post a.] Xiuwu [Chong, prosperous. One hundred and ten miles northeast of the prefecture. North: Taihang Mountains. Northwest: Tianmen. Southwest: small Dan River from Wuzhi into, a said prehe, run Xi village, side of the city northeast, and east into the Wujia. New River on the Lingquan, Liugong River, to the northeast of the city, Hui Huangmu springs, into the Wujia. To be king, Chengen two towns. County post a.] Wuzhi [Chong, prosperous. Hundred miles east of Fu. Hebei Province. Southwest: Qingfengling. River from Wen into, Na Guangji River, Qin River water injection, and east into Xingze. Qin River from the Hanoi into, on the way to the former Wyoming City wood Luan store, side city southeast, and east of Zhan store into the original Wu. Guangji River from the Hanoi into the county southwest of the Yellow River. Small Danshui also from the Hanoi into the county northwest into the Xiuwu. Yongqiao, Ningguo two towns. Wuzhi, Ningguo two stage.] Meng [Chong, prosperous. Fifty miles south of the prefecture. West of the city: Zijinshan Mountain. Northwest: Wulongtai Ridge. Below the mountain to the village of Liang, the ancient Kuanliang. East of it, Magi Ridge. Southwest: the river from Jiyuan into, run Song Heqing old city, for the white slope ferry, the ancient Zhi Banjin, its next Jili dip, the ancient Gaozhu. And east of ōsatō Yanghe, its next Yangshu dipped, ancient Taozhu. Another east run Noshu town, for the Heyang ferry, ancient Mengjin, under the Guo dip: the so-called "Heyang three cities". Ancient Hezhongzhu, Hengjian, and East Shunjian to the south of the city, its ferry small Pingjin, and East Yanshui town into the warm. Northwest: Jiyuan water from Jiyuan into, run Yecheng, right deed water, run Anguo City, together with the Qinglongjian, and south of the town of Gudan, to the town of no nose, the left with the rest of the Jinan branch. And south, Menggang. East, pig Long River from the Hanoi edge of the border, combined with the southern branch of the Fengnian and the northern branch of the Yu Ji, and from it. Yanhe, Baipi two towns. Post one: Heyang.] Wen [prosperous. Fifty miles southeast of Fu. West: Taiping Mountain. Southwest: River water from Meng into, to the northwest of Xiaoying. The Jishui River enters from Hanoi and becomes the Inulong River, merging with the northern branch of the Fengnian River at the border. There is also the Dacheng River, which goes up to Shangwun Village and is still called Yanjiang River. It runs south of Guo Gongtai, and enters into the river at the end of the river, which runs south of Chengcheng. The water from Dafeng, Jangji and Xinglongyan also enters from Hanoi, and enters Wuzhi from the east. Zhaobao a town. County post a.] Yangwu [prosperous. Ninety miles northeast of Fu. Southwest: river water from Yuanwu into, run Guandu east into Xiangfu. Natural Drainage Run Huang practice set, northeast into the Fengqiu. Its River, Ji old ditch northwest. River from Shanxi Qiqu into the county, where line 646 miles. Taiping, Yanzhou two towns. County post a.] Origin of the name Why it is called Huaiqing, here is a moving historical story. Yuan Dynasty Dade three years (i.e., 1299 A.D.), Yuan Chengzong sent his great nephew Haisan to guard the northern part of the desert. In the eighth year of Dade (i.e., 1304 A.D.), Haisan was appointed as the king of Huaining, and changed to the town of Qinghai. Dade nine years in July, Yuan Chengzong also ordered his second nephew Aiyu Li Baili Bada Huaizhou mother, this second nephew of his mother is very filial, every morning and evening to ask for good morning and evening, personally serve his mother's meals, sometimes his mother is sick, he stayed up all night, serving his mother next to the soup every day to send medicines, and do not dare to slow down. During the time he lived in Huizhou, he constantly visited the countryside to understand the hardships of the local people and assisted the local officials in developing the local agricultural production, so the people embraced him. Dade eleven years (A.D. 1307), Yuan Chengzong died, the court internal competition for power, each other, the court is in chaos. The left prime minister A Hu Dai conspired with the Yuan Chengzong Empress Bo Yuewu Prozac. Right Prime Minister Hazen Haas saw this situation, it was sent to Qinghai to meet the King of Huai Ning Hai Shan, to meet the younger brother of Hai Shan Aiyuri Baili Bada in Huaizhou. Because Huaizhou is very close to the capital, this Aiyu Li Baili Bada a few days in a hurry to the capital, he was in the right prime minister Hassanhas help, killed the left prime minister A Hu Dai, himself as a supervisor, temporarily acting as the emperor to deal with the government. In May of the same year, King Hai Shan of Huai Ning arrived at the capital and became the emperor, known as Yuan Wu Zong, he changed his yearly name to Zhi Da, and set up his younger brother, Ai Yu Li Baili Bada, as the Crown Prince. Wuzong reign for four years, the first month of 1311 AD, the seventh died, his brother Aiyu Li Baili Bada succeeded the emperor, known as Yuan Renzong, changed the year for the emperor Qing. Huangqing two years (i.e., 1313 AD), the Empress Dowager descended on the imperial decree, will be the mother of King Renzong live in Huai Wang Palace, renamed Xinglong Temple (that is, commonly known as the Gao Dai Temple). In order to commemorate the merits of Renzong, Huaiwang Hall was built on both sides of the Great Guandi Temple in the city, and the word "Qing" was taken from the yearly name "Huangqing", which changed the name from Huaimeng Road to Huaiqing Road. After a few more decades, the Ming Dynasty replaced the Yuan Dynasty and changed Huaiqing Road into Huaiqingfu. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913 AD), the government was abolished and the county was established, abolishing the old name "Huaiqing" which had been used for hundreds of years, and changing the name of the county to Qinyang County. From then on, Huaiqingfu as a place name has retired from the stage of history. Historical Rumors The area west of Xiuwu and Wuzhi in Henan Province and north of the Yellow River was under the jurisdiction of Huaiqing Prefecture during the Ming Dynasty, and there is a folktale that goes like this: At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the world was in great chaos, with wars going on all over the country and the people living in poverty, especially in Henan Province. Zhu Yuanzhang led the peasant army and the Yuan elite troops in the Huaiqingfu area launched a tug-of-war, today you hit over, tomorrow I hit over. Peasant army attacked over to let every household people in the front of the door to hang up to support their sign, the Yuan army over to also want the people to hang up their sign, the people struggled to cope with, screaming, at this time there is a young smart man thought of a brilliant idea, he wrote on the front of the sign to support the peasant army, on the reverse side of the words written in support of the Yuan army, so that no matter what side attacked, as long as a turn of the sign can be, more than ever before! Both save time, and convenient, others see have followed suit. Once the peasant army attacked over, there is a piece of sign from the door fell down, coincidentally fell in front of the general Chang Yu Chun horse, this was Chang Yu Chun broke the organ, a series of look at the sign of a few families, anyway, are two kinds of characters, Chang Yu Chun was furious, they reported this matter to the Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yuanzhang is because of the war without progress alone sulking, heard this is more fuel on the fire, and immediately ordered Chang Yu Chun rate of the army of the Huaiqing province area people The people of Huaiqingfu area will be killed. After receiving the order, that is to lead the army to the Huaiqing area to kill, see the people on the kill, chickens and dogs do not stay, back and forth to kill three back and forth, they also put the yuan treasure on the street, to see if someone picks up, such as if you find the yuan treasure is less, it proves that there are still alive, and then again to kill, the people of the Huaiqing area have been killed, and often meet the spring to give up, which is the three times the blood wash of the story of the Huaiqing House, Zhu Yuanzhang that the reign of the emperor after the order from the population set of dense After Zhu Yuanzhang came to the throne, he ordered migrants from the densely populated Hongdong County to Huaiqingfu. At the end of the Yuan and early Ming Dynasty, legend has it that the Yuan and Ming armies fought a fierce tug-of-war in Huaiqingfu, but in the first year of the Hongwu era (1368 A.D.) Ming Dynasty Northward Expeditionary Army conquered the capital of Yuan Dynasty (Beijing), and in October of the same year, the vice-general Feng Zongyi, the bias of generals Tang and "crossed the river by the south of the river, K Wuzhi, the next Waiqing, the Yuan Pingzhang Bai locks up and abandons the city to escape. Soldiers to the Taihang Mountain Bowl Zicheng broke its customs, the Yuan soldiers ran rout" ("Ming History Chronicle - slightly determined Qin Jin"), easily captured Huaiqingfu . The legendary tug-of-war is not consistent with the history of Huaiqingfu, but it reflects the frequent wars in the central plains of the late Yuan and Ming dynasties and the collective memory of the people of that period of war history. But Zhu Yuanzhang in the end blood washing Huaiqing did not, which year blood washing Huaiqing? Who is the specific implementation of the blood washing task? Blood wash in the end how the situation? In order to answer these questions, I successively read the history of the Yuan Dynasty, the history of the Ming Dynasty, the end of the chronicle of the Ming Dynasty, the seventeen emperors of the Ming Dynasty, the Qin Huai Zhi, Huai Qing Fu Zhi, Hanoi County Records and other canonical books, examination , the results of the opposite conclusion: Zhu Yuanzhang did not have a bloodbath of the Huai Qing Fu . A, from Zhu Yuanzhang's whereabouts, Zhu Yuanzhang has not been to Huaiqingfu. At the beginning of Zhu Yuanzhang's uprising, he established a base in Nanjing under the planning of Liu Bo Wen and Li Shan Chang. His main activities were centered in Nanjing. History records that Zhu Yuanzhang traveled the farthest west for the trip to Bianliang in November of the 26th year of Emperor Shundei Zhizheng's reign: "A Zi, the car and the car were sent to the capital and were lucky to be in Bianliang. When the speaker said that the world is suitable for the Middle Kingdom, Bianliang Song's former capital, advised the emperor to see, and will be generals to seek to take the Yuan capital. ["Ming History Chronicle. Northern Expedition to the Central Plains"]" According to this record, it can be seen that the purpose of Zhu Yuanzhang's trip to Bianliang is twofold: one is that some people think that Bianliang is the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and suggest that Zhu Yuanzhang should also build a capital in Bianliang; the second is to deploy the matter of attacking the capital of the Yuan Dynasty with Xu Da and Chang Yuchun. After investigation, Zhu Yuanzhang thought that Bianliang was surrounded by a flat area with no dangers to defend, which could be easily attacked by the enemy, and the Jingkang Shame of Northern Song Dynasty was less than 100 years ago, which was still fresh in Zhu Yuanzhang's mind, and building the capital here would be unfavorable to the country, and thus gave up the intention of building the capital in Bianliang. This record shows that Zhu Yuanzhang in the Northern Expedition did not go to Huaiqing.

Some people will say, not that Zhu Yuanzhang was a monk in the Yue Shan Temple when he was young, and may have had a view of the cunning Huaiqing people at that time, so he had an army took the opportunity to wash the Huaiqing House in blood. According to the Tianshuyu Ultimatum, a Ming royal record of Zhu Yuanzhang's historical activities, when Zhu Yuanzhang was a traveling monk, he had "traveled south to Jin and Dou, west to Guang and Xi, and north to Yingzhou." These places are, respectively, Jinling, Doumen, Guangshan, Xixian, Lingying, all in the Huaihe River to the west, have not been to the Moon Mountain Temple. What's more, I don't know what the Huaiqing people are. Second, from the Ming army in Huaiqingfu combat. Ming army in Huaiqingfu combat, mainly in the Ming army "slightly set Qin Jin". At this time for the Ming Hongwu first year. Hongwu year in August, General Xu Da, Vice General Chang Yu Chun established Yuandu, was ordered to take Shanxi: "October wuchen, General Xu Da sent Guangwu Wei Zhenfu Liu Ju guarding the river, and lead the government. Vice General Feng Zongyi, partial General Tang and cross the river from Henan, K Wuzhi under Huaiqing, Yuan Pingzhang Bai locks up and abandons the city to escape. Soldiers to Taihang Mountain Bowls Zi City, broken its customs, the Yuan soldiers routed. (Ming History Chronicle. Slight determination of Qin and Jin")." From this battle, the Ming army came, the Yuan army generals "abandoned the city to disappear", The two sides did not occur tug-of-war and stalemate, and did not occur protracted war. Therefore, there will not exist a sign written on both sides, that is, one side wrote "welcome to the big Yuan" side wrote "welcome to the big Ming" thing. Third, from Zhu Yuanzhang military discipline. From the beginning of the uprising Zhu Yuanzhang has developed a complete policy strategy and strict military discipline, which is characterized by a strict and wide. The so-called strict, is strict military discipline, no offense. The so-called wide is to the people people wide. During the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains, he stipulated "six don'ts" for his subordinates. He said to his soldiers: "This trip is not necessarily to attack the city, in order to cut down the chaos, in order to protect the people's livelihood. Where the enemy is war, if the place, and the day of the city, do not kill, do not take the people's money, do not destroy the people's homes, do not waste agricultural tools, do not kill the cattle, do not plunder people's children. Or have abandoned orphans and children in the camp, parents and relatives to seek, that is returned." [ibid] When the Northern Expeditionary Army approached the Yuan capital, Zhu Yuanzhang once again affirmed to Xu Da the ambition of clarifying the world and rescuing the people from water and fire. He said: "now the people of the central plains, long for the group of suffering, death and displacement, all over the road, the heavenly supervisor here, I dare not forget, so I ordered you to command the division of the northern expedition to save the people from water and fire. In the past, Yuan Zu into the Lord of China, the children and grandchildren idle barren, no compassion for the hardships of the people, the sky abhorred the abandonment of the. The king is guilty, the people are innocent? On the occasion of the previous revolution, the war, like hatred, I really can not bear. Your generals and marshals of the day of the city without captivity, without burning, without killing. Must make is not easy to wanton, the people peacefully their lives, "" there is not honoring the order, must be punished without amnesty." Can be seen in the rescue of the people in the fire under the big goal, Zhu Yuanzhang is very cherish the people. This is because he was born in a poor family, and knew the hardship of the people; secondly, he summarized the lessons of the "previous revolution"; thirdly, he also summarized the success and failure of the Yuan Dynasty. Once, he captured a minister of the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang asked: the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty were ethnic minorities, but how did they manage to rule the Central Plains for a long time without any resistance from the people? The minister told him: the basic experience of the Yuan Dynasty in ruling the Central Plains was to treat the people with generosity. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang always treated the people with generosity. In this way, the so-called Zhu Yuanzhang three wash Huaiqingfu thing, simply can not happen.

Perhaps someone will say: Zhu Yuanzhang often said, "will be in the army, the king does not Royal win." He does not specifically manage the actions of the army, how could not be the stream of Xu Da away from Zhu Yuanzhang when three washed Huaiqingfu. This kind of statement, is not understand Zhu Yuanzhang team. Zhu Yuanzhang rule the army extremely strict, strict legislation, law enforcement decisive, there are orders must be carried out, there are prohibited must be stopped. Never allow anyone to violate the law. As early as when the Ming army just hit wuzhou, in order to ensure the army's food supply, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered to prohibit the army to brew wine. General Hu Hai's son relied on himself to be the son of the general, violating the ban on private brewing. At that time, Hu Hai was fighting in front of the army and was respected by Zhu Yuanzhang. Du Ping Wang Kai requested not to kill Hu Hai's son for fear of causing Hu Hai's dissatisfaction and rebellion against the Ming army. But Zhu Yuanzhang said; I'd rather let Hu Hai rebel against me than make my law not work. He killed Hu Hai's son with his own hands. From this point of view, the Ming army does not abide by the discipline, killing people indiscriminately, the blood of Huaiqing is unlikely to happen. Fourth, from the population of Henan Province in the past generations accounted for the proportion of the country. The time when the population of Henan Province accounted for the lowest proportion of the whole country was not after the uprising of Zhu Yuanzhang, but at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. Now will be "local history compilation manual" recorded in China's population statistics and the population of Henan Province accounted for the proportion of the country recorded after: Han Pingdi Yuan Shi two years, the national population of 59594978, Henan 12637911, accounting for 21.21%; Shundei Yonghe five years of Han, the national population of 49,150,220, Henan 9902468, accounting for 20.15%; Jin Wudi Taikang year, the national population of 16,163,863, Henan 12637911, accounting for 20.15%; Jin Wudi Taikang year, the population of 16163863, Henan 3042876, accounting for 18.83%; Emperor Yang Daye five years, the national population of 46019956, Henan 9624694, accounting for 20.91%; Tang Yuanzong Kaiyuan twenty-eight years, the national population of 48143609, Henan 7760644, accounting for 16.12%; Song Huizong Chongning first year of the national population of 45324154, Henan 2882007, accounting for 6.36%; Yuan to Yuan 27 years, the national population of 58834711, Henan 815674, accounting for 1.39%; Yuan Wenzong to the Shunyuan year, the national population of 59485169, Henan 871,615, accounting for 1.47%; Ming Hongwu fourteen years, the national population of 59873305, Henan 1891087, accounting for 3.16%. From the above statistics, the population of Henan Province accounted for the lowest ratio of the national population in the Yuan to Yuan 27 years and to the Shun 3 years, Henan's population ratio of 1.39% and 1.47%. The reasons for this are as follows. 1 At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin people invaded the south, and the Northern Song Dynasty moved south to Lin'an. Many Song people, unwilling to be slaves of foreigners, followed the Song emperor and moved to the area of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. 2. Burning and looting by the rulers of the Jin and Yuan dynasties in their wars of conquest of the Central Plains. Especially at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, in order to suppress the peasant revolts everywhere, "uprooted their land, massacred their cities", "robbed people's money, plundered cattle and horses. The strongest of the people were made to fill the army, and the weakest were killed and eaten" [Yuan Shi. Shun Di Ji"] thus, causing a significant reduction in the population of Henan. 3. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, water, drought, locusts and epidemics, natural disasters year after year. According to the History of Yuan. There were disasters almost every year from the first to the twenty-sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty. There were 17 rain and drought disasters in Henan. Heavy rains and floods "drifted people's huts, the dead people", "grain does not enter the ground, people eat each other." Only "Huaiqing Fu Zhi" recorded natural disasters are: "to three years of Huaiqing locusts. July Wuzhi locusts. Is the month, Huaiqing water. Six years, Huaiqing famine. Seven years, Huaiqing road drought, people famine. eleven years in April, Huaiqing Hanoi, Xiuwu, a few Mengzhou earthquake, and thunderbolt houses, the pressure of the dead are very many. thirteen years Hanoi days drumming. Is the day, Xiuwu cloudless, and thunder shook the sky and earth. fourteen years, Hanoi, Meng County are very drought. nineteen years, Huaiqing locusts, grass and trees are exhausted, people eat each other. Wuzhi big water. twenty years, the Yellow River clear for three days. twenty-three years, Mengzhou, Jiyuan, Wenxian water. twenty-four years, Mengzhou Henei Wuzhi water. Summer, the Yellow River clear." Years of natural disasters caused the people to live without a large number of population decline. The entire Henan Province had more than 2 million people in the Northern Song Dynasty, and by the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there were only 800,000 people left, which was only the sum of the populations of the two counties of Bo'ai and Qinyang [formerly Hanoi County]. After Zhu Yuanzhang ruled China for more than ten years, the population of Henan doubled . The facts show that the depopulation of Henan had nothing to do with Zhu Yuanzhang As the saying goes, the people are not empty of ballads. That is to say, many ballads, folklore are not all made up, there are certain facts as the basis. In that case, Zhu Yuanzhang in the end washed no Huaiqingfu? In order to clarify the facts, now will be "Qin Huai Zhi" contained in the Huaiqing occurred in the war recorded as follows: 1, Yuan to Zheng 15 years, the thief is spreading, Chahan Timur turn to fight and north of the Huxiu, from curbing the front of the thieves, thieves are the north over the alliance of the Jin, burned and plundered to the Qin Huaibei, Hebei vibration, Chahan Timur into the battle, defeated, the remaining party fence Hezhou annihilation of the category of no survivors, Hebei was settled. 2, eighteen years in February Zhang Shicheng from Yidu committed Huaiqing Road, Zhou Quan defeated. In May, the thieves over Taihang, Chahan Timur general Guanbao defeated. In July, Zhou Quan according to the Huaiqing Road, to rebel attached to Liu Futong, Chahan Timur garrison in Luoyang, sent Bur Timur to soldiers to guard the bowl city, Zhou Quan to fight, Bur Timur was killed, Zhou Quan then all the drive to Huaiqing people across the river into Bianliang. 3, Ming Hongwu two years order vice general Feng Sheng from Henan into the expedition to Shanxi, across the river to Wuzhi Huaiqing. From these three battles, the first time, the Yuan army won; the second time, Liu Futong's general Zhou Quan killed the Yuan army general Bo Timur, "then all the drive Huaiqing people across the river into Bianliang"; the third time, the Ming army general Feng Sheng into Shanxi, "K Wuzhi, Huaiqing," that is, into Shanxi, no large-scale protracted battles, no large-scale protracted battles. On the third occasion, the Ming general Feng Sheng entered Shanxi and "grasped Wuzhi and Huaiqing", i.e. entered Shanxi. From these three battles, the one who washed Huaiqing should be Liu Futong's general Zhou Quan. Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang Yuan Zhizheng twelve years in Hao Liang, first in Guo Zixing out to do the soldiers, fifteen years before the team of several hundred people, eighteen years Zhou Quan wash Huaiqing, Zhu Yuanzhang is still active in the area of Zhejiang, subject to the control of the little King of the Ming Dynasty, it is not possible to runway to Huaiqing to the blood bath. Since the blood wash Huaiqing for Zhou Quan, and the Ming army has nothing to do, why the legend of Zhu Yuanzhang three wash Huaiqing House? The main reasons are: 1, most people are not clear about the situation at the end of the Yuan dynasty, only know that the last to seize power is Zhu Yuanzhang, think that then come to fight Huaiqing is Zhu Yuanzhang's troops, and thus Zhang Guan Li Dai mistakenly Zhou Quan washed Huaiqing's hat on the head of Zhu Yuanzhang. 2, waiqing house is the yuan yingzong's "submerged residence". The "potential residence", that is, the emperor has not been the emperor when the place to live. Yuan Yingzong did not become emperor before, with the empress dowager live in Huaiqing. After Emperor Yingzong became emperor, he treated Huaiqing favorably. The successors of Emperor Yingzong were all descendants of Emperor Yingzong, and they still had special feelings for Huaiqing, and they still took care of the people of Huaiqing. Therefore, the people of Huaiqing had no ill feelings towards the Yuan Dynasty. 3, Zhu Yuanzhang offended immigrants. From Zhu Yuanzhang's immigration policy, he moved the people, are the local brotherhood of many households, which can be seen from the surviving descendants of immigrants genealogy, some moved to three brothers, there are two brothers, there is no record of which household only moved to a person. Folklore, brothers break up useful iron pot broken as a remembrance, useful plowshares for. Zhu Yuanzhang immigration purpose, one is to move away from the rich, will leave a large area of land to the landless poor; two is to move out of the population of the household, improve the demographic structure of the moving place and move to the place, three is the provisions of all the pro-brothers and sisters can not be moved to a village to limit the development of the family power of the immigrant location. The fourth is to allow the relocated households to put down their roots and completely sever their ties with their places of origin. All immigrants are not allowed to return to their place of origin under any pretext. So far, all immigrants, just know from Shanxi Hongdong and other places to move, no family can be renewed genealogy. Therefore, the immigrants are also dissatisfied with Zhu Yuanzhang. The so-called Zhu Yuanzhang three washed Huaiqingfu, it is the people used to vent their dissatisfaction with the Zhu Ming dynasty a manifestation. Historical events Qianlong 26 years, the Yellow River Basin flooding occurred on a wide scale, in July, Henan Huaiqingfu (now Qinyang City, located in northwestern Henan Province, belonging to the city of Jiaozuo, Henan Province) City, the depth of water five, six feet or one zhang two, three feet, the city of Guanzhang and the villages collapsed and washed away the people's houses of 150,000 or 160,000 rooms, Qinghua Town, floating premises more than 2,000, drowning more than 1,370 people, the disaster of the weight of the Ming Chenghua eighteen years since the only see.