What are the road transport enterprises?

Question 1: What are road transport enterprises, such as passenger transport enterprises, freight transport enterprises and dangerous transport enterprises?

Question 2: What does the transportation industry include? Including land transportation, water transportation, air transportation, pipeline transportation and loading and unloading.

(1) Land transportation refers to the transportation business of transporting goods or passengers by land (above ground or underground), including railway transportation, road transportation, cable car transportation, tunnel transportation and other land transportation.

(2) Waterway transportation refers to the transportation business of transporting goods or passengers through natural and artificial waterways or ocean waterways such as rivers, lakes and rivers. Salvage at sea can also be taxed by analogy with waterway transportation.

(3) Air transport refers to the transport business of transporting goods or passengers by air routes. General aviation business and aviation ground service business directly related to aviation are also taxed according to air transport business.

(4) Pipeline transportation refers to the transportation business of transporting gas, liquid and solid substances through pipeline facilities.

(5) Loading and unloading refers to the business of loading and unloading goods between means of transport, between loading and unloading places or between means of transport and loading and unloading places by means of loading and unloading tools or manpower and animal power.

Question 3: What equipment is available for road transportation? Road transport equipment mainly includes transport vehicles. Cars are the main means of transportation used on expressways. Cars are mainly divided into passenger cars, trucks and special transport vehicles. In logistics transportation, logistics enterprises mainly use special transport vehicles and trucks. 1. Special transport vehicle. This mainly includes dump trucks with hydraulic unloading mechanism; A bulk grain truck with a grain inlet and a grain outlet; A standard trailer or truck with a closed container, that is, a boxcar; Open-top gondola; Flat car, that is, trailer without top and side box board; Tank trailer; Refrigerated truck; A high hurdle scooter that can increase the trunk volume; Special vehicle with unique design and special purpose. (1) Dump truck. This kind of truck has great power and passing capacity. It can automatically turn back or turn over, and the goods can be unloaded by its own gravity. Generally used in mines and construction sites and transportation of coal and ore. Logistics companies generally don't use this kind of truck. (2) Bulk grain trucks. Bulk grain truck is a highly specialized grain transportation tool. (3) boxcar. Because of its simple structure, high capacity utilization and strong adaptability, box trucks are the most widely used trucks in the logistics field. The main features of boxcar are totally enclosed car body, convenient door loading and unloading, and door-to-door transportation. The closed carriage can not only protect the goods from wind, rain and sun, but also prevent the goods from being lost, reduce the damage of the goods and improve the transportation quality. Small box trucks generally have sliding side doors and rear driving doors, which are convenient for loading and unloading goods, and because they are small and light, they can cross the streets and deliver the goods directly to the consignee. Small box trucks are suitable for the transportation of goods with short transportation distance, small batch and high working time requirements. Especially when transporting all kinds of household appliances, textiles and other light industrial products, small box cars are the ideal choice for logistics companies. Generally speaking, box trucks have large cargo capacity and good sealing performance. With the weight reduction of carriages (box materials tend to be light alloy), the position of boxcars in the freight market is increasing day by day. (4) gondola cars. Because the top is open, the gondola car can carry goods of different heights. (5) flatbed car. This kind of car is mainly used to transport steel, containers and other goods. (6) tanker. This kind of car has the characteristics of strong sealing, and is suitable for transporting fluid items (such as oil) and volatile flammable dangerous goods. (7) refrigerated trucks. This kind of car is mainly used to transport perishable and fresh goods that need to be refrigerated and kept fresh, and the temperature can be controlled. (8) Stop the truck. This kind of car is characterized by low center of gravity and moderate load. Mainly used for loading department stores and groceries. (9) container tractors and trailers. Container tractor is specially used to tow container trailers or semi-trailers, which are combined to form a train set. It is a special machine for long-distance container transportation, which is mainly used for transportation between ports and docks, railway freight yards and container yards. Container trailers are divided into semi-trailer and full trailer according to different traction methods, of which semi-trailer is the most commonly used. And trucks. According to the load weight, there are heavy and light trucks; According to the size of the car, there are large, neutral and mini trucks. Among them, mini and light trucks can be used for indoor cargo collection and distribution, heavy trucks can be used for long-distance trunk transportation, and medium trucks can be used for short-distance outdoor transportation.

Question 4: What are the costs of road transportation? The price cost of highway transportation is usually affected by eight factors, which are reflected in the freight rate, namely, transportation distance, cargo capacity, cargo density (light and heavy goods), loading capacity, loading and unloading capacity, degree of responsibility, transportation supply and demand factors and service requirements. The above rankings also represent the importance of these factors.

1, transportation distance. The main factors that affect the cost directly affect the variable costs such as labor, fuel and maintenance. The unit cost is not proportional to the distance, because the activities of picking up goods and delivering goods generate certain fixed expenses, so on average, the shorter the distance, the higher the unit cost, and the longer the distance, the lower the unit cost. Compared with intercity traffic, the unit cost of urban traffic is relatively high because of frequent parking, which is also based on the same reason.

2. Cargo capacity. It embodies the characteristics of economies of scale. Usually, the transportation cost per unit volume or weight decreases with the increase of cargo capacity, mainly because the fixed cost and management cost of cargo picking and delivery activities can be shared with the increase of cargo capacity, but this relationship is limited by the load capacity and size of trucks. The smaller the volume of goods, the more difficult it is to share the fixed costs related to transportation, so many carriers have the lowest charge standard when pricing.

3. cargo density. The factors of weight and volume need to be considered together. For example, if the expenses are settled by weight, the carrier is definitely not willing to throw the goods lightly. If the cost is settled by volume, the carrier will allocate a lot of costs to the freight. The ideal state is that heavy goods and light goods can be shipped in combination, and the volume of the vehicle can be fully utilized without being overweight.

4. Loading capacity. Refers to the influence of the specific size of the product on the degree of space utilization. For example, regular electrical products can generally achieve 80%-85% load utilization. For example, irregular shapes are packed less, and long and special goods are packed less or not well. Loading capacity is also affected by the scale of shipment.

5. Loading and unloading. If the products are stored in a special way and need special loading and unloading equipment, such as pallet transportation and strapping operation, it will affect the loading and unloading cost.

6. Degree of responsibility. The degree of responsibility is related to the characteristics of the goods, such as value, performance, earthquake resistance, packaging, etc. , mainly involving the risk of damage to goods and claims caused by accidents. In transportation, we should consider vulnerability, corruption, theft, spontaneous combustion or explosion, the size of cargo damage responsibility and unit value. Through risk control, transportation costs can also be reduced.

7. Transport supply and demand factors. Mainly refers to whether the departure point and the destination can balance the convection, that is, whether there are return goods, which is difficult to achieve in an ideal state, subject to regional differences and seasonal factors. Some unpopular routes, although the distance is short, have a high one-way price, which is equivalent to the whole price of popular routes with the same distance, because there are few return goods.

8. Service requirements. Service is in direct proportion to cost. If the service requirements are high, the investment will be more and the cost will increase, such as expedited transportation and additional handling, warehousing and sorting services. When formulating service standards, the key is to find a balance between service level and cost.

Question 5: What are the logistics companies that mainly transport by road? Most of the third-party logistics companies are mainly road transportation; Of course, according to different industries, specific items and urgency, choose different modes and means of transportation; Ocean shipping companies are mainly water transport, railway companies are mainly railways, and airlines are mainly sea transport. Passenger and freight logistics must choose highway as the main mode; Wait a minute.

Question 6: What are the transportation stocks? There are 29 stocks in the transportation service sector, as shown in the following two pictures:

Good luck with your investment! If the answer is helpful to you, I hope it can be adopted in time, thank you!

Question 7: What is the specific scope of various transportation services in the transportation industry? According to the Notice on Piloting the Change of Business Tax to Value-added Tax in Transportation Industry and Some Modern Service Industries in Beijing and other 8 provinces and cities (Caishui [2012] No.71) and the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Bureau on Piloting the Change of Business Tax to Value-added Tax in Transportation Industry and Some Modern Service Industries in Shanghai (Caishui [201kloc-0) Article 1 of 65438 Notes on the Scope of Taxable Services stipulates: "Transportation refers to the business activities of transporting goods or passengers to their destinations by means of transport, so that their spatial positions are shifted. Including land transportation services, water transportation services, air transportation services and pipeline transportation services. (1) Land transportation service. Land transportation service refers to the transportation business activities of transporting goods or passengers by land (above ground or underground), including road transportation, cable car transportation, cableway transportation and other land transportation, excluding railway transportation for the time being. (2) Waterway transportation services. Waterway transportation service refers to the transportation business activities of transporting goods or passengers through natural and artificial waterways or ocean waterways such as rivers, lakes and rivers. Ocean chartering and time chartering belong to waterway transportation services. Charter business refers to the business that ocean shipping enterprises complete the transportation tasks of a specific voyage for the lessee and collect the lease fee. Time charter business refers to the business that ocean shipping enterprises lease ships equipped with operators to others for a certain period of time, and during the lease period, they are dominated by the lessee. No matter whether it is operated or not, the lessee will be charged the rental fee on a daily basis, and the fixed expenses incurred will be borne by the shipowner. (3) Air transport services. Air transport service refers to the transport business activities of transporting goods or passengers through air routes. The wet lease business of air transport belongs to air transport service. Wet leasing business refers to the business that air transport enterprises lease aircraft with crew to others within a certain period of time and are dominated by the lessee during the lease period. Regardless of whether it is operated or not, it is charged to the lessee according to certain standards, and the fixed expenses incurred are borne by the lessee. (4) Pipeline transportation service. Pipeline transportation service refers to the transportation business activities of transporting gas, liquid and solid substances through pipeline facilities. Second, some modern service industries Some modern service industries refer to business activities that provide technology and knowledge around manufacturing, cultural industries and modern logistics. Including research and development and technical services, information technology services, cultural and creative services, logistics support services, tangible movable property leasing services, and judicial expertise consulting services. "

Question 8: Which units under the Transportation Bureau are the municipal working bodies in charge of the management of the city's highway, waterway and local railway transportation industries, and there are six functional departments including office, personnel department, comprehensive department, finance department, infrastructure department and policy and regulation department. * * * There are 8 municipal transportation institutions under its jurisdiction, including 3 at county level: Municipal Highway Administration, Municipal Shipping Administration and Municipal Local Railway Bureau, and 2 at deputy county level.

Question 9: What companies are there in China Logistics? This question is too broad.

There are about 400,000 logistics companies in China, including special line freight, warehousing and distribution (including single warehouse), express delivery, sea transportation, railway container transportation, freight forwarding, special transportation, supply chain logistics and integrated logistics. There are absolutely no more than 10000 domestic logistics companies.

For example, the representative companies of special line freight transportation include Debon, Tnt hoau and Sheng Hui. Warehousing and distribution companies include China Storage, Baogong and China Merchants. Express delivery includes SF Express, Tong Yuan Express and EMS. Shipping includes COSCO, China Shipping and China Merchants. There must be China Railway Logistics in railway container transportation, and there are COSCO Container Transportation, China Shipping and Sinotrans. Freight forwarders include COSCO Freight, Ocean Shipping Agency and China Shipping. Special transportation includes dangerous goods transportation and out-of-gauge goods transportation, including COSCO Logistics, Sinotrans and CITIC Logistics. Supply chain logistics includes Yi Yatong, Pegasus, Zhongtong and so on. Integrated logistics refers to all kinds of logistics, such as COSCO Logistics, Sinotrans Logistics and China Shipping Logistics.

The companies listed above are well-known domestic enterprises, so I won't say anything about foreign companies.

The top domestic logistics suppliers are COSCO, Sinotrans, China Shipping, Xiamen Yu Xiang, China Railway, China Storage, SF, Guo Long, Anji, Minmetals Logistics and Kerry Logistics.

Question 10: What are road transport enterprises, such as passenger transport enterprises, freight transport enterprises and dangerous transport enterprises?