Shandong collection of lunar calendar folklore for answers

Shandong is known as "the state of Qilu, the hometown of etiquette", the Luzhong Plain is characterized by farming culture, Weifang kites, Yangjiabu New Year's paintings exudes a strong earthy flavor; Jiaodong coastal fishermen's style is rich, rugged and unrestrained; Lucy region is a deep tradition, is the hometown of Confucius and Mencius. Under the cultivation of the unique regional culture, Shandong's folk customs are diverse in style and endless in life. In this land, Shandong folk art called the whole country.

Yangjiabu woodblock prints began in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, and have a history of more than 600 years. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Yangjiabu woodblock prints have been sold both inside and outside the province. Yangjiabu New Year paintings have various themes, auspicious and lively, bright colors, with strong folk colors. According to different posting directions, they can be divided into door paintings, kangtou paintings and other varieties. Yangjiabu New Year's Paintings are made on woodblock prints. The production of wooden plates is a meticulous work, requiring careful carving, and some of the plates can be preserved for many years. In the hands of some folk artists, there are woodblocks handed down from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Carve a good version, but also layers of color, printed on paper, a New Year's Eve usually have to be on the 6-8 color to complete, are purely handmade, most of the scene printing.

Gaomi ash New Year's paintings are unique in the country, New Year's paintings artists with willow charcoal strips to start the line draft, and then use the paper on the line draft pouncing on the copy of a draft can be pounced on a number of sheets, because of this trick, there is a "pouncing on the ash," the name. After the drawing, a whole process of hand-painting is added in order to draw a beautiful picture. Puffing gray New Year's paintings originated in the early Ming Dynasty, most of the initial works are statues of gods and ink screen flowers. By the end of the Qianlong period, there were more and more local people making ash-colored New Year's paintings. Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty, it developed into two main schools: "Old Wipe Paintings" and "Red Goods". Nowadays, the works of the ash New Year's paintings are becoming less and less, and the works of the two schools of artists that have survived are particularly valuable.

Weifang, Shandong Province, is a famous kite producing area in China, and kite-making artists have appeared in the private sector since the Ming Dynasty. Later, with the popularity of kite-flying, the art of kite-flying also reached its heyday. Weifang kites mainly have 3 basic shapes: string, hard wing and simple shape, among which the dragon head centipede is the most prominent. On the basis of inheriting the traditional essence, modern kites are constantly being renovated, winning the reputation of "Kite Art, Weifang No.1". Now Weifang has become a regular venue for the International Kite Festival. Liu Xuebin, director of Jinan Folk Art Museum, introduced that Shandong folklore, clay sculpture, shadow, branding, micro-carving and face painting and other Shandong folklore even in the country is also well known.

Jinan, Shandong Province is known as the "capital of the face", in Jinan arts and crafts, the face has become one of the most distinctive regional characteristics of a species. Jinan's bright colors, delicate techniques, the application of finger twisting, kneading, rubbing, and then with a knife, grate, needle rubbing, cutting, point made of figures, clothing and appearance of realistic and evocative, especially for the Chinese ancient drama characters is particularly professional. Jinan City Folk Art Museum, Liu Xuebin curator, the birthplace of modern face painting is Shandong, the representative figure is Dong Fengqi, especially good at figure like. "The highest limit of face sculpture is micro sculpture, and the smallest micro sculpture of Dong Fengqi's characters is only one centimeter high." From ancient times to the present, Shandong's folk culture has undergone constant exchanges between regions due to emigration, transportation, and going out to work, and this has manifested itself in the evolution of folklore, which has resulted in a situation of both absorption and openness. The folk culture brought by immigrants had a profound impact on Shandong folklore. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the implementation of the policy of "immigrants wide township" of the people's reclamation, from the second year of the Ming Hongwu to the Yongle period of a large number of immigrants from Shanxi Hongdong County, Dahuishu moved to Shandong, Dezhou, Binzhou, Liaocheng, Tai'an, Heze, Jining area, part of which has been moved by the Binzhou area of the East. In this way, Shanxi immigrants almost all over Shandong. Shanxi folklore influence Shandong, such as cold food festival does not make fire cooking. Northwest Lu several counties residents (now Liaocheng area), many of the early Ming Dynasty by the Zhili (now Hebei Province) Zaoqiang County immigrants, where they live, New Year's paintings, clay toys and other folk art, so far, and Zaoqiang style similar. In the early Ming Dynasty by Sichuan immigrants to Shandong more concentrated in Laizhou, therefore, Laizhou customs more than not the same as the eastern neighbors, there are many cities and places have immigrants to all parts of Shandong, the folklore is also different.

Jiaozhou rice-planting song, also known as the ground rice-planting song, running rice-planting song, the local folk said that the twisted waist, three bends, is one of the Han folk dance in Shandong Province, belongs to one of the three big rice-planting song. Jiaozhou rice-planting song has a history of more than 230 years, in the Qing Dynasty, Jiaozhou Bao Yan Tun Zhao, Ma two families fled Guandong in 1764, begging and singing along the way, and gradually formed a kind of dance and singing form. After returning to their hometown, years of improvement, to 1863 molding, dance, singing, accompaniment have a certain form.

Jiaozhou Yangge is also known as "ground Yangge" and "running Yangge"; it is also known as "twisting off the waist" and "three bends". "Jiaozhou Yangge is one of the three major rice-planting songs in Shandong Province. Jiaozhou rice-planting song has a history of more than 230 years, the Qing Dynasty Jiaozhou Bao Yan Tun Zhao, Ma two families fled Guandong in 1764, begging and singing along the way, and gradually formed a kind of dance while singing form. After returning to their hometown, they were passed down through the years and improved continuously, and were basically formed in 1863, with certain programs for dance, singing and accompaniment. There were 10 actors divided into 5 lines, such as drums, mallets, cuihua, fan women, etc., and the performance programs included cross plums, big swinging team, digging heart, anti-digging heart, and two doors, etc. In addition to suona, there were also gongs, drums, cymbals, small cymbals, and gongs, etc., and there were more than 30 songs and tunes in the opera. In 1957, Jiaozhou Yangge was performed in Beijing and won favorable comments. Later, in 1991, Jiaozhou Yangge was honored with an award of excellence in the "China's First Yangge Competition".

Shandong paper-cutting is an ancient Han traditional art, but also one of the main birthplaces of folk paper-cutting, paper-cutting here is a wide variety of different uses, in order to enhance the festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival, "door paper", window, wall flowers, the 15th of the first month of the lantern flowers, the roof of the new house flowers, Jiaodong paper buckets, colanders, flowers, and gift flowers, wedding flowers. Gift flowers, happy flowers, for embroidery shoes, bib flowers, pillow flowers, clothing flowers, and so on.

Paper cutting, Shandong, different names, respectively, known as window, window dyeing flowers, flowers, etc., the production process is called hinge flowers, key flowers. According to the folk function, Shandong folk paper cutting can be divided into three categories: festival paper cutting, ritual ceremonial paper cutting, daily paper cutting. The subject matter of Shandong folk paper-cutting is very wide, it not only shows the masses of pleasant things, but also reflects his (her) desire for a better life, there are text patterns, birds and animals, fish and insects, flowers, fruits and vegetables, landscapes, folklore, opera characters, historical stories, religion and folk sentiment and so on.

Shandong paper-cutting can be roughly divided into two categories from the modeling style. One is the rough and bold style of the Bohai Bay region, which is inherited from the paper-cutting of other provinces in the Yellow River basin. One is more characteristic of the coastal areas of Shandong Jiaodong line-based, line and surface combination of delicate type of paper cutting, it seems to be the same as the Shandong Han Dynasty portrait stone carving fine and elaborate style, with its pattern of intensive decorative means, so that the simple and crisp appearance of a fuller and richer.