Why is the land equalization system a state-owned land system under the feudal private ownership of land?

1, the land equalization system is the land ownership of feudal countries. However, this theory has different understandings of whether the land equalization system includes private land that has long existed in society. a

Scholars believe that the original private land has been incorporated into the land equalization system. Some scholars believe that private land exists outside the land equalization system and coexists with it.

2. The land equalization system has duality, including both the land ownership of feudal countries and private land ownership. When the Northern Wei Dynasty implemented the land equalization system, on the one hand, there were a lot of ownerless land and wasteland in northern China, which were traditionally owned by the state; On the one hand, it is the huge landlord power represented by the patriarch and the deep-rooted private ownership of land. The implementation of the land equalization system has not changed the ownership nature of private land. The duality of the land equalization system is the reflection of two objectively existing laws and regulations of different land ownership. The implementation of the land equalization order not only registered the state-owned land according to the names of mulberry fields and open fields, but also registered the original private land according to the provisions of the land equalization order, so as to offset the due amount without changing the ownership. This principle was carried out in the equal land system from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty and remained unchanged.

Open field (Kubunden), work field, public field, etc. All belong to the state within the scope of equal farmland system. The original private fields, garden houses, mulberry fields (Martin, Shi Ye and Yongye fields), Guanren Yongye fields, Xuntian and Citian, etc. Are all private. These two kinds of land with different feudal ownership coexist, influence and transform each other within the scope of equal land system, and the feudal landlord land ownership is dominant.