Common Imagery in Poetry

Question 1: Summarize the meanings of common imagery in modern poetry (10 required) Allusions, origins, and imagery of commonly used classical poems (1) Snow The crystal of ice and snow is used as a metaphor for the loyalty of the heart and the nobility of character. For example, "When friends and relatives in Luoyang ask for each other, the heart of ice is in a jade pot." (Wang Changling's "Hibiscus Tower Sending Xin Jian") Ice heart: a pure heart, the ancients used "as clear as a jade pot of ice" as a metaphor for a person's bright and open heart. Another example is "I should think that after years of service in Lingnan, the lonely light shines on myself, and my liver and lungs are all ice and snow." Lingnan a year of career, his own personality and conduct like ice and snow as crystal, high and pure.

2, the moon, thinking of relatives to the moon - triggered by feelings of separation, homesickness, such as "raise your head to look at the moon, low thinking of their hometown." (Li Bai "Silent Night Thoughts") such as "small building last night and the east wind, the old country can not look back in the moonlight." (Li Yu's "Beauty of Yu") Looking at the moon and thinking of the old country shows the unique pain of the deceased king. Such as "the moraine, 300,000 soldiers, a time to look back in the moon." Moraine, desert, hundreds of thousands of warriors in the vast desert at one time looked up at the rising moon, could not restrain the feelings of sadness and homesickness.

3, willow tree to fold the willow table farewell. Since the Han Dynasty, often to fold the willow to send the feeling of farewell, which triggered the feelings of longing for distant relatives and travelers homesickness. For example, the poem "Farewell", which was tested in 1987, reads: "The willows are green and hanging on the ground, and the poplar blossoms are flying all over the sky. When the willow is broken and the flowers fly away, may I ask the pedestrians whether they will return? Because "willow", "stay" resonance, the ancients in the time of farewell, often folded the willow to send each other, in order to express the deep feelings of farewell. This custom began in the Han Dynasty and flourished in the Tang Dynasty, when the song "Folding the Willow" was played to express the feeling of farewell. During the Tang Dynasty, the Ba Ling Bridge in Xi'an was a must-go place for people to leave Chang'an when they traveled to other parts of the country, and since the bridge was surrounded by willows on both sides, it became a famous place for the ancients to break the willows to say goodbye to each other, as in the poem, "The color of the willows is the color of the Ba Ling, and the Ba Ling is sad to see you go". Later generations took the phrase "folding the willow at Ba Bridge" as the origin of the allusion to the farewell. That is why Wen Tingyun wrote the poem "There are many farewells on the green poplar street. Liu Yong expressed the sadness of parting with "Where are you waking up from the wine tonight, on the bank of the willow, the moon is broken in the dawn breeze".

"The flute heard the broken willow, the color of spring has never seen", said the flute "broken willow" tune is spread far, but the spring color of the willow is never seen, so as to express the feelings of sadness and sighing farewell. "When I hear "Folding Willow" in the song this night, why can't I remember the love of my old garden?" It says that when you hear the tune of "Folding the willow" tonight, what person will not cause the feelings of longing for the hometown?

4, Cicada Cicadas have a high moral character. The ancients thought that cicadas drink the dew, is a symbol of purity, so the ancients often to cicadas of high purity to show their own character of high purity. The Tang Dynasty Poetry Commentary says: "Those who sing of cicadas sing of their voices, but this is the only one who honors their character." Since the cicada perches on a high branch, eats the wind and sleeps in the dew, and does not eat the food of the world, its metaphorical character belongs to the type of purity. Luo Binwang's "Cicadas in Prison": "No one believes in purity." Li Shangyin's "Cicada": "It is difficult to be satiated by the high," and "I also raise my family to be pure. Wang Yisun's "Qitian Le": "I hold a high and pure heart, but I have become miserable." Yu Shinan's "Cicada": "The sound of living in a high place is far away, not through the autumn wind." They all use cicadas as a metaphor for noble character.

5, banana is often associated with loneliness and sadness, especially feelings of separation. South of the silk and bamboo music "rain beat banana", table bleak sound. Li Qingzhao once wrote: "Who planted the banana tree in front of the window, the shade is full of the courtyard. Yin full of the courtyard, leaf heart heart scrolling with feelings." The sadness and sorrow are poured out, and the bananas are a source of resentment and sadness. Wu Wenying's "Tang Duoling": "Where can I synthesize sorrow? The heart of a departed person is in the fall. Even if the banana is not raining, the wind is still blowing." Ge Shengchong's "Point Jianglip": "How many idle sorrows, how many dreams chase the rain of bananas." The rain hitting the banana was already enough pathos, the dream soul traced the sound of the rain on the banana leaves, which is even more poignant.

6, the grass in classical Chinese poetry, a metaphor for hate. In the classical Chinese poems, it is a metaphor for separation. Recruitment of hidden soil": "The king's grandson swims and does not return, the spring grass is born and luxuriant." The word "luxuriant" describes the lush spring grass. Spring grass is luxuriant, spring light is tantalizing, and Iren has not returned, can not help but cause the thinking woman to climb the stairs and look. The song of "Xianghe Song" (相和歌辭). "The grass by the green river is green, and I long for the faraway road." The "grass by the green river" is used as a starting point to express the longing for someone far away. Bai Juyi's "Sending Farewell to the Ancient Grasses": "The wildfire is inexhaustible, and the spring breeze blows again and again. The distant fragrance encroaches on the ancient road, and the verdure of the eyes connects the deserted city." Li Yu's "Qing Ping Le": "Separation is just like the grass in spring; it grows again as it travels farther." The spring grass, which is far away from the end of the world, is endless and grows everywhere, which is a metaphor for the sadness of parting.

7, grass and trees to grass and trees in contrast to the desolate, in order to express the feelings of prosperity and decline. For example, "The spring breeze is ten miles away, and all the chestnuts and wheat are green." (Jiang Kui "Yangzhou slow") spring wind ten miles, very prosperous Yangzhou Road, now full of green capercaillie, a desolate. "The old court deserted platform willow new, diamond song singing not better than spring. ...... >>

Question 2: What is poetic imagery, and what are those common images in poetry Traditional Chinese poetry emphasizes imagery and mood, but what is imagery and mood, secondary school textbooks are often incoherent. The Dictionary of Modern Chinese (2002 supplement) also believes that: mood is "the realm and mood expressed through images in literary and artistic works", and imagery is "mood", which is completely consistent with the two. Indeed, in many cases, the two can coincide.

(A) grass

1. Plum blossom - the first to open, frost and snow - dare to be first, not afraid of power and wealth - gentleman

The plum blossom is the first to open in the cold, and then lead to the fragrance of all the flowers, so the plum blossom is admired and praised by poets.

2. Orchid - elegant fragrance, beautiful posture - the pursuit of indifference - a gentleman hermit

Orchid, the ancient common reference to vanilla, including many flowers and leaves have a fragrant plant, such as the Zephyr. In ancient times, orchid was commonly referred to as vanilla, including many plants whose flowers and leaves are fragrant, such as Zelan and Huo Xiang, etc. It was used for fumigation, bathing, and warding off evil spirits, rather than for ornamental purposes. It was only in the late Tang Dynasty that people discovered another type of orchid with fragrant and beautiful flowers, which was born in the mountains and valleys and on the cliffs, and began to be planted and developed. Orchids are worth watching and are becoming more and more popular. It was only then that the terms "orchid", "orchid grass" and "orchid cymbid" were gradually used to refer to what we call "orchid" today, which is the National Orchid. Orchid is a traditional Chinese flower. Orchids are traditional Chinese flowers with deep cultural connotations and external aesthetic characteristics.

Orchids are clear and warm, with pure aroma, beautiful flower posture, well-proportioned body, robust leaf shape, staggered changes, and elegant flavor. Because of its elegant fragrance and self-pity in classical poems, orchid is often used as a metaphor for something beautiful because of its fragrance and beautiful posture. Such as orchid friendship - a metaphor for like-minded people, orchid way - a good future, orchid quality - such as orchid general quality. Orchid poems such as:

3. Bamboo - the solid nature of the straight, empty section of the heart chastity, green bamboo lush - integrity and modesty, chaste and noble - hermit gentleman

Bamboo by the Ancient Chinese literati like and into the classical literature, in China's traditional poetry and painting art to get the love is not accidental, because it has a "would rather bend" and "straight outside the metrics," a symbol of the Chinese character, with the culture of hermitage The first is a symbol of the Chinese people's character, and it has a lot to do with the culture of seclusion.

(1) The ancients associated the natural shape of bamboo with the pursuit of human morality. Since Juyi's "Bamboo" will be the bamboo "solid", "straight", "empty", "chastity" and other characteristics, compared to the gentleman's character and moral cultivation. It compares the character and virtue of a gentleman. *** Gui's "Moon in the Qinlou? Bamboo" depicts this analogy in a very graphic way: "Chaste in nature, its soft branches and tender leaves are worthy of being written about. It can be written in pictures, and it is always accompanied by the wind and moon in the grassy hall. It is a natural part of the lonely, strong and vigorous nature, and its modest heart will never wither. The "no withering, green shade swaying, Ruiyin Qingjie."

(2) Metaphysicians, hermits, and poets like to talk about metaphysics and Taoism in the lush green environment of bamboo, and these images are increasingly entering their poems.

4. Chrysanthemum (yellow flower, Dongli) - blooming in the autumn, light and elegant color - overcoming the ice and proud of frost, not afraid of the power and nobility; light on fame and fortune, do not want to be heard - hermit gentleman.

(1) bloom in the autumn - ice and frost, not afraid of the rich and powerful, and adhere to the evening - aspirant

In the autumn when everything is withered and withered, and the earth presents a scene of austere depression, the chrysanthemum slowly spits out its stamens, and meets nature's harsh test with its delicate flower branches. nature's harsh test, not because of the environment and dangerous and retreat, not because of no moist branches, large leaves, giant roots and high trunk and presumptuous, with pride to show full of vitality, with ice and frost of the gas; even if the old and disabled will die, but still wafting the fragrance, into the release of the heat, to declare that it does not die of the fighting spirit; chrysanthemum hair in the twilight of the year at the time of the frost, neither with the spring flowers to compete with the beauty of the summer, and do not take over the green elegance, but only to be a good job of keeping the ZhiJie, and finally become a Before the winter cold, the earth gives a smile to human beings, and in that smile, it spreads the fragrance of its weathered personality and holds fast to the late season. When it is personified, this character of chrysanthemum becomes a benevolent man and a gentleman in the real society.

(2) The color is light and elegant - light on fame and fortune, not seeking fame and fortune - hermit

The chrysanthemum in terms of "color", without the color of the country; in terms of "fragrance", without the color of the country; in terms of "fragrance", without the color of the country; in terms of "fragrance", without the color of the country. It is not to attract people as a matter of ability, people attracted for it, probably out of the essence of its simplicity to cherish. The elegant simplicity of the chrysanthemum is also personified in the poems of the past generations, and the chrysanthemum has become a spiritual carrier for the literati who are indifferent to fame and fortune and who do not seek to be heard. When it is personified, this character of the chrysanthemum becomes a hermit in the real society.

5. Grass - at any time the sequence and flow of blue grass even the sky - touching the sadness of thoughts - the expression of the feelings of separation and detention

"Once a year the spring grass is green", the grass flows in sequence at any time, easy to touch the sadness of a long time apart; in the spatial spread, the blue grass even the sky, seems to lead people's thoughts to the faraway places, far away from the end of the world. Lefu "green riverside grass, ...... >>

Question 3: The meanings represented by common imagery in ancient poems Many people

Green blue silk rope

Love and marriage only become a whole

Although pleasing to the eye

When it is terrified

And tree celandine of a hundred acres;

Question 4: Common Imagery in Poetry Classical Poetry Common Imagery

Flowers and Plants

Chrysanthemum: seclusion, purity, and degradation

Plum: proud of the snow, strong, indomitable, and adversity

II Orchid: high and pure

Peony: rich and beautiful

Woobie: the sadness of kibie (the country's present prosperity and past decline)

Blooming: hope, youth, and the splendor of life

Green leaves: vitality, hope, vigor

Pine and cypress: firmness, arrogance, strength, vitality

Bamboo: temperament, positivity

Sycamore: misery

Willow: send-off, lingering, sadness, the beauty of spring

Wind, frost, rain, snow, and clouds:

Waves: the ups and downs of life

The east wind: spring, Beautiful

Spring breeze: openness, joy, hope

Dew: the shortness of life, life is easy to die

Sky cloudy: depression, sorrow, loneliness

The surge of the sea waves: life's dangerous, treacherous rivers and lakes

Wild winds: the power to make trouble, to destroy the old world

The west wind: despondency and despondency, decay, wanderers longing for home

Snow: purity, beauty, harshness of the environment, rampant evil forces

Light rain: spring scenery, hope, vitality, vigor, subtle indoctrination

Smoke: emotional haziness, bleakness, confusion, uncertainty about the future, the failure of ideals, disillusionment

Torrential rain: cruelty, passion, political struggles, sweeping away the forces of evil, cleansing the forces of filth

Frost: life is easy to grow old, the harshness of the social environment, the rampant evil forces, the bumpy road of life, frustration

Jiangshui: the passage of time, the shortness of the years, the prolonged sorrow, the trend of history

Animals:

Ziguai: misery, wretchedness

Fish: freedom, coziness

Hongkong swan: ideals, pursuits

Ape: grief, misery

Crow: villain, commoner, mediocrity

Sand gull: drifting, sadness

Dog, chicken: vitality, idyllic life

( thin) horse: galloping, pursuit, wandering

( lonely) goose: loneliness, homesickness, homesickness for relatives, sound, message

Eagle: rigidity, freedom, life's fight, career

Artifacts:

Jade: purity, unadulterated

Hairpin: official position, prestige

Colors:

White: purity, innocence, mourning

Red: exuberance, youth, joyfulness

Green: hope, vitality, peace

Blue: elegant, melancholy

Yellow: warmth, calmness

Purple: nobility, benefit to the country and the people

Black: darkness, despair, solemnity, mystery, remembrance of the dead, ill-fated

Other categories:

Heroes: admiration, self-consciousness and self-sighing

Villains: contempt, clear-mindedness, introspection, scourge

Antiquities and monuments: nostalgia for a clear mind, prosperity in the past and decline (country),

The prairie: vastness, the realm of life, the human heart

Wonderland: floating, wonderful clean, forget the dust and disgust

The sky and the earth: the smallness of mankind, the shortness of life, the vastness of the heart, the emotional loneliness

The countryside: the desire to return to the world, disgusted with the world, the idyllic, the breath of life, the simplicity and beauty of the quiet, the peace of mind

The countryside: the return to the world, the disgust of the world, the rural landscape, life, the simple and beautiful

City: prosperity, wealth and luxury

Dawn: hope

Sunrise: hope, vitality, vigor

Sunset: loss, depression, cherish the beautiful but short life

Late night: sadness and nostalgia ... >>

Question 5: What are the common imagery in ancient poems Common Imagery in Ancient Poetry

1, Plant 2, Animal 3, Musical Instruments 4, Nature 5, Places

I. Plant (metaphorical or symbolic): fangcao, banana, wutong, pine, cypress, bamboo, plum blossom, orchid, chrysanthemum, peony, peach blossom, yanghua.

1, the grass: (1) to far from the end of the world, endless, nowhere spring grass, to compare the sorrow of parting. The poem "The Green Grass by the River" is a metaphor for the sadness of parting.

(2) To express the endlessness and hope: Bai Juyi: The grass on the plains of the river, withers and grows every year. The wildfire is inexhaustible, and the spring breeze blows again. (2) Lotus: Since "lotus" and "pity" sound the same, there are a lot of poems written about lotus in ancient poems, which are used to express love. For example: the southern dynasty music "West Island Song": "picking lotus South Pond autumn, lotus over the head; head down to get the lotus seed, lotus seed green as water."

3, plum blossom: clean, indomitable character. Wang Anshi "plum blossom" "remote knowledge is not snow, for a dark fragrance." The poem not only wrote the plum blossom because of the wind cloth far, but also implicitly expressed the plum blossom's pure white, received a good artistic effect of fragrance and color. Lu You's "Divining Scrolls": "The plum blossoms have become mud and dust, but only the fragrance is as old as before. The plum blossom is used as a metaphor for his own devastating misfortune and the noble sentiment of not wanting to be part of the same crowd.

4, pine and cypress: a symbol of straight and tenacious, chaste and unyielding. The Analects of Confucius: "The cold years, and then know the pine and cypress after withering."

5, bamboo: verdant and upright, flourishing, indomitable. Zheng Banqiao: "Bite the green mountain and do not let go, the root of the original in the broken rock. Thousands of grinding ten thousand blows is still strong, let the east and west, south and north winds." 6, "Willow" imagery

(1) "Willow" "stay" two words harmonized, often a metaphor for parting. The first is the "I'm not sure", but the second is the "I'm not sure". The three lines of "Yang Liu Bank, the wind and the moon" show Liu Yong's nostalgia for his lover.

(2) in front of the eaves behind the house, often as a symbol of the hometown." A tall building on the ten thousand miles of worry, reed and willow like Tingzhou." Xu Hun's infinite attachment to his hometown.

(3) "Willow" flakes fluctuate, often used as the virtue of worry. "How many times do I have to ask about idle worries? When the plum is yellow, it rains." A few lines, the image of the interpretation of the He cast at this time the depth of the sorrow of the degree.

7, Kibi: "Poetry? Kibi Li" has "Kibi Li Li" sentence, is said to be the Eastern Zhou doctor over the Western Zhou capital, see the capital full of kibi, thus lamenting the destruction of the palace and temple. Later, it was often used to express the sadness of the country's past prosperity and present decline.

8, grass and trees: the grass and trees to contrast the desolate, in order to express the feelings of prosperity and decline. The grass from the spring color, the leaf oriole empty good sound. (Du Fu's "The Phase of Shu"), the wild grass and flowers by the Vermilion Bird Bridge, and the slanting sunset at the mouth of Wuyi Lane. (Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Lane") and so on. Mulberry and elm (Huainanzi): "The sun hangs in the west, and the view is at the end of the tree, which is called mulberry and elm." "Mulberry and elm" refers to the place where the remaining light shines when the sun sets, and is later used as a metaphor for old age. For example, Wang Bo's "Preface to the Tengwang Pavilion" said, "The east corner has passed away, and the mulberry elm is not late."

9. Chrysanthemums symbolize purity, seclusion and vulgarity; peach blossoms symbolize the beauty of the face; peonies symbolize nobility and wealth; poplars symbolize drifting and dispersion.

2. Animals: cuckoo, crow, wild goose, bluebird, partridge/sand gull, cricket, cicada, apes, swallows, fish

1. Crow: according to superstition, it is a kind of ominous bird, which is often found in the graveyard and other deserted places, and is often associated with decay and desolation in ancient poems, and is sometimes used as a metaphor for a villain or a mortal guest. Qin Guan: Beyond the slanting sun, the cold crows are in ten thousand spots, and the flowing water goes around the lonely village. Ma Zhiyuan: withered vines, old trees and crows, small bridges and flowing homes, thin horses in the west wind of the old road, and people with broken hearts at the end of the world.

2, wild geese, green birds: in ancient poetry is the messenger of the book, referring to the sound. Green birds, legend has it that the Queen Mother of the West has three green birds, one was first sent as a messenger, came to the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to report the news, the other two came with the Queen Mother of the West, and served beside the Queen Mother. Li Shangyin: There is not much way to Pengshan, but the green birds are attentive to visit her. Li Z: The green birds do not send messages beyond the clouds, but the lilacs are sad in the rain. Li Qingzhao: When the geese return, the moon is full in the west tower.

3. Cricket: also known as urge to weave, expressed melancholy. It is also known as the "Cricket", which expresses melancholy. Bin Feng? July": "July in the field, August in the Yu, September in the household, October crickets into my bed." The activity pattern of crickets was described in great detail. At that time, the ancients already felt that the sound of crickets was similar to the sound of the loom, and the season was in the late fall, so it was associated with urging people to weave and prepare for the winter clothes, as well as reminiscing about the draftsmen.

Nineteen poems: the bright moon

bright light, urge to weave the east wall.

4. Cicada: perched on a high branch, eating the wind and sleeping in the dew, do not eat the world, a metaphor for the noble character. Cicada poetry "three" Luo Binwang "in prison aria cicadas" dew heavy fly difficult to enter, wind more sound easy to sink. No one believes in high purity, who is to show the rest of the heart

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