The limitations of traditional theories and methods are increasingly prominent.

The limitations of traditional theories and methods are increasingly manifested in the diversification of value standards, the rationalization of tools and the fragility of morality itself.

Diversification of value is the result of highlighting the subject of value, which means that people have multiple meanings in social life, and the essence is to accommodate different value standards and pursuits. The so-called value diversification is to recognize and respect people's diverse meanings in social life. The development of values is a process from centralization to diversification.

With the continuous progress of productive forces and the arrival of the Enlightenment, knowledge of nature and social knowledge have been greatly enriched, and people no longer worship the unified God. The rapid development of social change has fundamentally shaken the whole social autocratic system ideologically, and a more advanced and ethnic society is ready to emerge. This is the birth of modern civilization.

The values are constantly being innovated, the absolute truth of kingship appraisal is overthrown, and the supreme hegemonic values are denied, which makes it have a strong diversified development trend. Value diversification is the inevitable trend and result of the times and personal development. Its essence is to accommodate different value standards and pursuits.

Rationality is result-oriented and emphasizes the maximization of effect. Value rationality is goal-oriented, emphasizing the purity of motivation, choosing the right means to achieve their goals, regardless of the results.