The guiding role of Confucian cultural concept of justice and benefit in market economy

Dialectical analysis of the dual influence of Confucian concept of justice and benefit on market economy

Confucian concept of justice and benefit is an important part of Confucian ethics, which has played a dual role in China's social and economic development for thousands of years.

Make love. At present, when establishing and developing the socialist market economy, we must correctly understand its essence and dross from the perspective of dialectical materialism.

The ideological connotation of existence. Using the method of "sublation", we can not only understand J{ and overcome its negative influence, but also inherit J{ and carry forward its positive factors to promote socialism.

The market economy developed healthily.

1 Get rid of its dross and recognize the origin of Confucian concept of justice and benefit and its influence on the establishment and development of socialist market economy.

The negative impact of

The concept of "righteousness and benefit" is related to the relationship between several ethics (righteousness) and material interests (benefits) and how people treat them. Confucian concept of justice and benefit

Wood's basic tendency is to value righteousness over profit. Confucius' metaphor of "Jun R" has several meanings, while the villain's metaphor of "Ji Li" (Analects of Confucius, Liren) has influenced the thinking of China people.

Think about it for thousands of years. He regards knowing righteousness and emphasizing righteousness or knowing profit and emphasizing righteousness as the scale and boundary to measure people's moral character: he regards righteousness as human's.

The highest standard of behavior. "Junju is righteousness" (The Analects of Yang Huo). "Jun R seeks Tao but not food" (The Analects of Wei Linggong). A man of noble character.

We should pursue morality rather than material interests. Meng r is even more opposed to talking about profit. He said, "Benevolence is enough. Why talk about profit "(Meng R Liang).

Ping Zhongshu, a Confucian thinker in the Western Han Dynasty, further put forward that "it is useless to be righteous, and the way of knowing people is not to be rewarded" (The Biography of Ping Zhongshu in Hanshu).

Scientists have set righteousness and benefit against each other. Ifn values righteousness over profit. Zhu Jiang, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Song Dynasty, raised benevolence and righteousness to the height of society and the universe, which made people pursue dimensions.

Holding material desires other than life is regarded as the opposite of "benevolence and righteousness" and incompatible with human reason. It advocates "preserving human reason and extinguishing human desire" and uses feudal ethics that embodies "human reason"

Manage "benevolence and righteousness" and control people's desires. The Confucian view of justice and benefit, which emphasizes justice over benefit, has long been regarded as an orthodox ideological dimension by feudal rulers.

Protectionism has played a very negative role in China's economic and even social development.

1. 1 the political and economic roots of Confucian ethics of valuing righteousness over profit

Social existence determines social consciousness. The ideology of a certain society is a reflection of a certain politics and economy, and it is {serving}.

System. Confucian thought of valuing righteousness over profit is rooted in the politics and economy of feudal society in China.

1. 1. 1 Confucian concept of justice and benefit is a reflection of the isomorphic feudal patriarchal clan system in China feudal society, which reflects what "justice" is.

(The Doctrine of the Mean). "Doing Ifn should be correct," (Han Yu, original road). Meng R said: "It is also justified" ("Hu Meng sued R"). Righteousness words.

Appropriate and reasonable. People should behave appropriately. Make sense of things. Nature is right. But the truth of being a man is never abstract.

Appropriate and reasonable. The essence is "ceremony", which is in line with the feudal hierarchical order. What Confucianism talks about most is benevolence and propriety, and "righteousness" is the combination of the two. Confucianists

Advocating benevolence is positive, that is, people should have the same kind of love. However, this kind of love and help from Ifn Confucianism is not equal. They put reality

People in society are divided into different classes. Different people should be treated according to their rank and birthright, and adopt the nature and courtesy of "loyalty, filial piety, ladder and faith".

Different festivals, different contents and different forms of love mean that kindness should be appropriate and reasonable, that is, "righteousness." Therefore, "easy. Gold "is a few gifts" (Book of Rites and Music). Confucianism emphasizes justice.

The essence is to attach importance to ceremony. They attach great importance to people's status and birthright. We must be determined to maintain this feudal patriarchal hierarchy with loyalty to the monarch and filial piety to the father as the core.

And ethical principles.

1. 1.2 The deeper root of the Confucian concept of valuing righteousness over profit must seek the feudal socio-economic form of China from the feudal economic form that produced it.

Its characteristic is natural economy, and individual family is one of them. This small-scale peasant economy has a narrow and scattered production scale and backward tools to resist natural disasters.

Its ability is weak, the level of productivity is low, and the material richness it creates first ensures the consumption of landlords and ruling classes, which is difficult to satisfy the people.

The basic needs of wood life. The essence of small-scale peasant economy is the lack of C economy, and there is a profound contradiction between social production and demand. How to solve this contradiction.

This kind of wood is an economic and political problem. It should be solved by changing the relations of production, improving the level of productivity and developing production. Ifu Mountain is a feudal economy.

The economic and political fields cannot solve this problem. So it depends on the power of morality. Several political and economic issues have become ethical issues. Confucianism

Scholars try their best to explore the solution from the ethical point of view, advocate suppressing benefits with righteousness, and ask people not to pursue the satisfaction of material interests.

Restrain one's desires. Solve the contradiction between production and demand through ethical principles and moral norms, thus maintaining social stability.

1.2 Concrete Deduction of Confucian Concept of Justice and Benefit

Confucian thought of valuing righteousness over profit and controlling profit with righteousness is rooted in feudal politics and economy, and has been explained and embodied by Confucian thinkers.

In order to predict several ethical concepts.

1.2. 1 "live a poor life and enjoy happiness" under the mode of production of small-scale peasant economy. Material means of subsistence are scarce and workers are generally poor. "If you are poor, you want to change." Confucianists

People are required to live and work in peace and contentment and not to pursue excessive material enjoyment. I said, "Don't be poor! Fu is uneasy (The Analects of Confucius, Ji Xianlin

He regards anxiety, poverty and the pursuit of material benefits as injustice, and regards step {as the root of moral corruption and even social unrest. "Le Dao" should be

People are required to suppress quality life while pursuing spiritual life, consciously practice feudal moral norms and abide by feudal hierarchy and order.

Yan Hui, Kong You's proud brother, is a model of helping the poor, valuing righteousness over profit, and seeking Tao instead of food. Kong I was extremely praised. "Xian zai. Keiya

A bag of food and a bottle of drink. In a dirty alley, people don't worry. They didn't change their interest when they went back. Kenzai. Hui Ye' (The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye).

1.2.2 The concept of "equality" puts forward the concept of poverty alleviation, and Kong R also puts forward the idea of equality: "Don't suffer from inequality" (The Analects of Confucius Ji

) This society suffers from a shortage of wealth. Uneven distribution of Ifu is a factor of social instability. Zhu explained: "Jun ... means each has his own merits." ...

None of them will suffer from "poor Ifn and harmony will not suffer from Ifn safety." Security won't be suspicious. Ifn will not suffer from capsizing "(Chapter 4, Volume 8 of Notes to the Analects of Confucius).

In the absence of social material means of subsistence, Confucianism hopes that people will be poor, and at the same time tries to win the hearts of the people and the society.

stable

1.2.3 "Living and working in peace and contentment" is associated with poverty and happiness. Confucianism also suggested that workers should be "peaceful" and "happy" in farming, so as to safeguard the life of small-scale peasant economy.

Way. In fact, in the feudal economic and political system, farmers have been firmly bound to the land and left the land and their families by the lhl family.

It's hard to survive. Generally speaking, people are afraid and unwilling to leave their families and places to pursue other economic activities and interests. exist

According to Confucianism, only farmers "live and work in peace and contentment". Feudal small-scale peasant economy has a stable production and lifestyle and a solid social foundation. Society will avoid it.

Avoid unrest.

1.2.4 Confucian thought of emphasizing agriculture and restraining business based on feudal economy is also reflected in emphasizing agriculture with righteousness.

The concept of emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce and the economic policy of rulers. In the feudal society of China, the natural economic mode of production of L Company was stabilized. social differentiation

Industry is not fully developed. It is neither necessary nor possible to exchange labor products extensively. Commodity economy is difficult to develop. Moreover, commodity operators are profit-oriented.

Japanese businessmen belong to a few "figurative" and "profitable" villains. They are dominated by the concept of valuing righteousness over profit. People in China have always thought it inappropriate to do business and trade.

In the occupied China society, the order in which people choose their jobs is "official, agricultural, industrial and commercial", and businessmen have no social status even if they are rich. Although there are also in the history of China

Great businessmen have made great achievements, such as Sang Hongyang in Han Dynasty, but their successful position is not a mountain J, and their business qualifications Ifn are "getting rich by the end" and "supporting by wood"

"The method. After a big businessman becomes rich in business, he must buy land to become a big landlord. Only in this way can he gain social status and step into his career.

1.3 The basic tendency of Confucian concept of justice and benefit runs counter to the essential requirements of market economy.

According to the above analysis, we can see that Confucianism based on the feudal patriarchal hierarchy and the mode of production of small-scale peasant economy values righteousness over profit.

The concept of "justice and benefit" seriously hindered the development of China's social commodity economy during the occupation period, and it did not meet the wooden requirements for establishing and developing the socialist market economy.

J paradox. According to the previous analysis, it can be summarized as follows:

1.3. 1 The basic principle of market economy is equivalent exchange, which requires commodity holders to have equal subject personality and exchange between people.

Equal labor relations. It prohibits and excludes any domain exchange of privileges and hierarchies. Confucianism attaches great importance to righteousness and attributes the relationship between people to Tao.

But the feudal moral subjects of Ifn are unequal. The essence of heavy righteousness is to maintain the feudal hierarchical order and the feudal privilege hierarchical view associated with it

Reading goes against the principle and spirit of market economy.

1.3.2 In dealing with people's material desires and solving the contradiction between social production and needs, the development of socialist market economy will continuously satisfy people.

The material needs of children are the premise. It requires stimulating people's consumption desire by providing sufficient consumption, and then stimulating the development of production.

Make production and consumption reach a positive balance in a virtuous circle. Ifn Confucianism advocates suppressing benefits with righteousness. Use the power of morality to curb people's consumption.

Seeking the negative balance between production and demand through consumption desire is contrary to the objective requirements of developing market economy.

1.3.3 Market economy requires commodity producers and operators to attach importance to science and technology, improve management, boldly innovate, and improve labor productivity and economic benefits.

Benefit. Confucian thoughts and concepts of restraining benefits and helping the poor. We should understand the laws of nature and society and develop production to solve production and life.

Contradictions have become personal moral practice. "Self-denial" is the only way to cultivate self-cultivation. Suppressing one's own desires and practicing moral norms have become the most important issues in life.

Transforming nature and developing production are in a secondary position.

1.3.4 The development of market economy requires the continuous expansion of the scope of commodity exchange. Ifn embodies Confucianism's emphasis on righteousness over profit and maintains the small-scale peasant economy.

The concept of "being happy" embodies the closeness of small-scale peasant economy, which is contrary to the dull requirements of market economy to actively explore and continuously expand exchanges.

1.3.5 to develop a market economy, we must stress efficiency and competition, and put efficiency first in distribution. Reflect the Confucian concept of using righteousness to control benefits. And "an"

The concept of "equality" associated with poverty and happiness is the opposite. Market economy is the development form of commodity economy. The subject of commodity economy pursues economy.

Interests and profits are crucial. Ifn Confucianism values righteousness over profit, values righteousness over profit, values agriculture over business, and values wood over the end, which are obviously directly related.

Interferon intervention has hindered the establishment and development of market economy.

2. Carry forward the essence and fully understand the positive role of Confucian concept of justice and benefit in the establishment and development of market economy.

On the other hand, it analyzes the negative impact of Confucian concept of justice and benefit on China society, especially on the development of market economy. 7{ does not mean complete negation.

China, a contemporary Confucian thinker, has been trying to explore the concept of justice and benefit for thousands of years. Must be clear. As the mainstream of traditional culture in China, it is Confucianism.

Family thought is an important part of a family. There is no lack of essence in it. Of course, the essence and the dross are not easy.

To give up, we must try our best to tap the essence of "7" by dialectical analysis, and fully understand its contribution to the development of China society and market economy.

Extreme action.

2. 1 Confucian concept of justice and benefit has played a positive role in the social development of China.

2. 1. 1 Confucianism emphasizes benevolence and morality. We advocate governing the country by virtue. We use "sublation" to reflect feudal politics, that is, to eliminate its moral norms such as loyalty, filial piety, ladder and faith.

The class content of governance and economic system. Confucianism attaches importance to the ideological and moral construction of society and individuals, the pursuit of personality spirit and the morality of being a man.

Consciousness has made the Chinese nation a state of etiquette for thousands of years, and its positive role is obvious. Man is a rational animal. Male wood is in J club.

Make love. The existence and development of human society requires not only productive labor, but also social consciousness and social norms. Morality mainly depends on

Confucianism attaches importance to using morality to play a functional role in social stability and development.

It is of positive significance and can be used for reference by our present people.

2. 1.2 The essence of Confucianism is to belittle and belittle individuals' pursuit of material interests. Ifn emphasizes safeguarding the overall interests of society.

In the history of the nation, many people with lofty ideals value righteousness over profit, especially when the nation is in danger and the country is in danger, they will sacrifice their lives for righteousness and die for benevolence to safeguard society.

Social and national interests. Despite the historical and class restrictions, we should see that the overall interests they strive to safeguard are different from what we call a social country today.

The interests of families and people are different in nature. However, through "sublation", after excluding negative factors such as loyalty to the monarch, we should see that their behavior is also objective.

Benefiting several nationalities, countries and people, their spirit of valuing righteousness over profit and sacrificing their lives to safeguard the overall interests of society still needs to be affirmed and carried forward today.

2. 1.3 Confucian heavy righteousness. It advocates governing the country with benevolent government and implementing benevolent government. It warned the rulers not to compete with the people for profits. It is also of positive significance. Kong r said, "tyranny is fierce."

"A few tigers" (The Book of Rites, Duke Tan). He opposed the rulers' exorbitant taxes and levies on the people and advocated light taxes and thin taxes. Meng r even suggested that the monarch should share happiness with the people.

Thought. "People are happy. People are also happy; Everyone has his own worries. People are also worried about their worries "(Hu Meng Hui Liang Ministry of Industry). Ji proposed "controlling people's property" to reduce.

The idea of light tax and relief for the widowed are both valuable ideas. Although their purpose is to maintain class rule, their view of justice and benefit is in the way of thinking.

Interferon is beneficial to human health and social development.

2.2. Carry forward the essence of the Confucian concept of justice and benefit that is conducive to the healthy development of the market economy.

Confucian concept of justice and benefit has dual functions and influences on the establishment and development of socialist market economy, just like the development of China society.

We should not only clearly understand the negative factors that are contrary to the development of market economy, but also fully understand 7{ give full play to its benefits} through "sublation"

The positive factors of healthy development can resist the erosion of decadent ideas such as hedonism, money worship and egoism and overcome the development of market economy.

The negative effects in this process have promoted the healthy development of the market economy. This can be mainly reflected in the following aspects:

2.2. 1 emphasize morality, honesty and trustworthiness, oppose fraud and dishonesty, and the economic order is chaotic. The development of the market economy is dominated by the law of value, and people.

The relationship between them is reflected in the economic relationship of exchanging labor, but 7{ does not mean that there is no moral relationship anymore. The healthy development of market economy still needs Tao's help.

The maintenance of moral strength. The subject of developing commodity economy pursues economic benefits and interests, but it does not mean that there is no need for preaching and loyalty. city

Market economy allocates resources through the market. Commodity exchange is natural. Competition is inevitable. But all this is not a disorderly and healthy market.

The economy should be an orderly economy. This good market economic order must be maintained by moral force in addition to economic and legal means.

In fact, the role of morality can not be separated from economic and legal means. Without morality, any legal and economic means can hardly work. city

The essence of market economy is credit economy, market mechanism and market tools, such as commodities, money lending, trading, contracts, contracts, finance and futures.

And so on. Both reflect the credit relationship. Dishonesty will inevitably lead to economic chaos and various negative phenomena. The more the market economy develops, the fiercer the competition.

The more intense it is, the more people are required to be trustworthy and moral, and the more unfair behaviors such as dishonesty, fraud and indulgence should be ruled out. Market economy, credit economy.

Department. People are required to talk about profits and keep their promises while giving lectures. Confucianism attaches great importance to righteousness. Honesty and trustworthiness have become the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Carry forward our

Traditional virtues. Overcome moral corruption and economic chaos in the process of market economy development, such as breach of contract, intrigue and debt default.

Phenomenon. It also shows positive significance.

2.2.2 Value righteousness for profit. Oppose forgetting righteousness for profit. The main body of profiteering market economy pursues economic benefits and profits. In the market,

The situation of incomplete economic development and imperfect legal system lurks that some people may make huge profits by unscrupulous means; Market economy conditions

The pursuit of profit by commodity operators and producers should be realized through the realization of commodity value Ifn, which implies certain conditions for sacrificing the use of value Ifn.

Possibility of value. Illegal acts of pursuing value by cheating, cheating, cheating and other means may appear. We oppose Confucianism's emphasis on righteousness over profit, and on righteousness over profit.

The concept of anti-profit, but can not go to the other extreme. Become the antonym of valuing benefit and removing righteousness and benefit. This concept has different forms of expression. The essence is to put justice and benefit.

On the contrary In the process of developing market economy, we must establish a correct view of justice and benefit, and realize the unity of justice and benefit through "sublation" by lectures.

View of interests.

2.2.3 Pursuing the spirit of personality. Market economy conditions against money worship. The value and distribution of several commodities are realized by money. goods

Money may become the only Japanese standard pursued by some people, and the relationship between people may become a naked money relationship. Confucianism values righteousness.

Moral sentiment, attaching importance to the pursuit of personality and spirit, attaching importance to human relations and family ties, advocating respecting the elderly and caring for the young, and helping the poor are all conducive to resisting the conditions of market economy.

It is of positive significance to induce money worship and egoism, to prevent "everything is centered on money" and to turn the relationship between people into a naked money relationship.

2.2.4. Pay attention to the overall interests of society. Oppose egoism. Market economy conditions. Commodity producers and operators are often spontaneous.

Self-interest is the starting point, especially when it conflicts with the interests of others, collectives, countries, parts and the whole, it may sacrifice the whole.

The interests of the bureau, the whole, the country, the collective and others show wrong tendencies such as egoism, inflexible position, small collectivism and local protectionism. Confucianism attaches importance to justice.

Pay attention to safeguarding the overall interests of society. They integrate family, country, nation and country. They emphasize the supremacy of "fairness and justice". "Take a trip to the avenue. People predict. "

For the public' (The Book of Rites). Although the public interest they are talking about is different from the collective, state and people's interests we are talking about today.

We must get rid of its feudal dross, but it is of positive significance in the comparison and handling of individual and whole, local and whole, and public-private relations. Hairy outward

We should inherit and carry forward the Confucian thought of "emphasizing righteousness" and safeguard the overall interests of the country and society.

Adhere to the value orientation of socialist collectivism, and overcome the bad ideological tendencies such as attaching importance to economic benefits but neglecting social benefits, egoism, wooden stand, small collectivism and local protectionism in the process of market economy development.

2.2.5. Pay attention to thrift in developing market economy, oppose extravagance and waste, demand dynamic balance between production and consumption, and develop production.

Stimulating consumption, in turn, stimulates production, which may induce extravagance and waste, and develop hedonism and sensualism under certain conditions. Confucianism values righteousness over profit.

It is against the requirements of market economy to curb profits and oppose people's pursuit of material desires, but it advocates thrift and regards thrift as a human virtue, which is still accumulated.

Very meaningful. Frugality is not only the principle of economic life, but also the moral principle that individuals must abide by, and it is regarded as personal practice.

For thousands of years, the traditional virtues of thrift and hard work of the Chinese nation have been formed. In an underdeveloped country like ours.

China should still advocate the spirit of hard struggle in developing market economy and economic construction. Extravagance and waste not only affect the healthy development of the economy, but also affect the economic development.

It is a retrogression of social spiritual civilization and personal moral spirit. In real economic life, some enterprises have poor benefits or even serious losses, and Ifn enterprises are ahead.

It is not only an economic problem, but also a social corruption phenomenon, which is deeply hated by the broad masses of the people and seriously affects social owners.

The development of market economy will affect the stability of our society.