Talking about the application of dentistry in clinical medicine

Talking about the application of dentistry in clinical medicine

The need for the introduction of evidence-based medicine in dental education, then, is the application of dentistry in clinical medicine?

In the 1990s, the practice of clinical medicine in the rapid development and widespread concern for an emerging discipline, the core of which is the careful, accurate and judicious application of the best currently available objective research evidence, combined with the doctor's personal professional skills and clinical experience, and take into account the patient's values and aspirations, the perfect combination of all three to develop therapeutic measures. The flourishing development of evidence-based medicine in the world medical field has brought great shocks to the traditional medical education and practice model. The application of evidence-based medicine to dentistry has given rise to evidence-based dentistry. To take the road of evidence-based medicine, the introduction of evidence-based medical concepts into dental education has become an inevitable development trend.

1 The significance of evidence-based medicine to the teaching of dentistry

1.1 The shortcomings of traditional dental education: the traditional model of dental education is based on empirical medicine, and in the medical practice, the doctor, based on his own professional knowledge and practical experience, listens to the expert's opinion, combined with the viewpoints of the textbooks or authoritative reference books to deal with the The case is handled according to the opinions of experts, textbooks or authoritative reference books. The medical students thus trained have good basic theories and basic skills, but not enough innovative spirit and creative ability. With the rapid development of science and technology, the traditional medical education has revealed many defects: the teaching content is lagging behind, which is not conducive to the dissemination of new knowledge; the teaching method is single, which emphasizes on the transmission of knowledge but not on the students' thinking. Transmission without focusing on the cultivation of students' thinking; teaching mode is teacher-centered and textbook-centered and so on. In this way of education, students' learning of dental clinical knowledge is mainly manifested as passive acceptance of ready-made knowledge and rigid memorization process, they do not question the problems, and there is no enthusiasm, initiative and creativity in learning. Medical students have traditionally been educated and inculcated by this kind of empirical medicine and practiced clinical practice with this mode of thinking and method after graduation. In the rapid development of medicine today, if you do not pay attention to their own knowledge update, their knowledge will soon be aging, thus affecting the quality of medical care.

1.2 The value of evidence-based medicine

1.2.1 Evidence-based medicine is a discipline that follows the scientific evidence: evidence-based medicine means medicine that follows the scientific evidence, is a clinical learning strategy proposed by Canada's mcmaster University in the 1980s, is to ask questions, retrieve and evaluate relevant data, and apply this information to clinical practice in one way Evidence-based medicine is the search for, evaluation and rational use of all the most valid and high-quality evidence available under current conditions to make decisions about the process of diagnosing and treating each patient in order to achieve the best therapeutic outcome. The specific implementation method can be summarized into five steps: ① identifying problems in clinical practice; ② searching for relevant medical literature; ③ rigorous literature evaluation; ④ applying the best evidence to guide clinical decision-making; ⑤ improving the clinical academic level and quality of medical care through practice. Evidence-based medicine provides evidence from human trials, including evidence on etiology, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and prognosis, and pursues high quality and continuous supplementation and improvement of evidence. Therapeutic trial evidence is classified into five levels according to its quality and reliability: Level I: systematic evaluation or meta-analysis made after collecting all quality and reliable randomized controlled trials according to specific therapies for specific diseases, with the highest reliability; Level II: results of individual randomized controlled trials with sufficient sample size, with the second highest reliability; Level III: studies with a control group but not grouped in a randomized way; Level IV: uncontrolled series of case observations; Level V: expert opinion, the least reliable.

1.2.2 The necessity of introducing evidence-based medicine in dental education: the model of evidence-based medical education firstly inspires and encourages learners to be good at discovering and generalizing problems from practice. The next step is to efficiently review the literature and analyze and evaluate the findings in the literature to distill answers to specific questions. By mastering the skills and methods of problem-based evidence-based medical education, one can become a lifelong self-educator. Dentistry is a highly practiced discipline, and many diseases are treated in a variety of ways and with much controversy due to unknown etiology and pathogenesis. For example, the treatment of oral leukoplakia and lichen planus, and the prevention and treatment of caries. With the development of basic medicine and material science, new technologies, methods, drugs, materials continue to emerge, how to choose the best treatment means for the actual situation of the patient, has become a new topic facing the dental clinic. In this case, medical technology based on logical inference and clinical experience may seem pale. The introduction of evidence-based medicine in dental practice provides reliable evidence for clinicians to make medical decisions. Dentists should consciously apply the theories of evidence-based medicine, use the best contemporary evidence, and develop the best treatment plan for their patients in the context of their specific situation to continually improve their medical care for the benefit of their patients.

2 Evidence-based medicine in dental education

2.1 Evidence-based medicine teaching that is ? Problem-centered? The teaching mode: evidence-based medicine is known as the ?21st century clinical medicine? It is the first step in the process of developing a new approach to teaching and learning. problem-centered teaching model. based medical education model. From the perspective of medical education, evidence-based medicine takes the solution of clinical problems as its starting point, and it proposes a set of theories and methods for identifying problems in clinical practice, searching for the best available evidence, evaluating and comprehensively analyzing the evidence obtained, and applying the results to guide the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, which helps to cultivate students to establish a correct and scientific outlook on medicine, and lays the foundation for standardizing their future clinical practice behavior. Teachers should guide students to actively participate in ? asking questions, seeking evidence, and systematic evaluation? of the whole process. Dental education that incorporates evidence-based medicine focuses on the mastery of basic knowledge, but also encourages students to learn to ask questions, think independently about problems, and obtain the best evidence through selective and critical evaluation of medical literature and comprehensive clinical research. The evidence-based dental education model focuses on the cultivation of competence, teaches students how to learn, and changes ? dead learning? to learning by doing. Learning by skill

2.2 Conditions for the implementation of evidence-based medicine

2.2.1 Medical literature resources needed for the implementation of evidence-based medicine: evidence-based medicine is the crystallization of clinical epidemiology, medical statistics, modern informatics and clinical medicine. In order to ensure the implementation of evidence-based medicine, the school should create the necessary conditions to make the search for research evidence convenient and simple. In addition to having commonly used medical literature databases such as medline database, embase database, China Biomedical Literature Database (cbm), it should also provide databases of secondary research evidence such as the cochrane library, evidence base medicine reviews (ebmr), or related journals such as the evidence based medicine (ebm), evidence-based dentistry (ebd), and books.

3 Problems facing the practice of evidence-based dentistry

Evidence-based dentistry is still in the literacy stage in our country, and it takes a process for people to recognize and master it. In the process of evidence-based practice, there are still some problems. First of all, evidence-based medicine evidence needs to be further developed and improved, not all current clinical problems can be found in the corresponding high-quality evidence-based medicine; secondly, the emergence of evidence-based medicine as a new medical model, the medical community has caused widespread controversy, has been subject to the traditional medical model and the rejection of expert opinion; in addition, the difficulty of access to information resources of the clinical staff, poor understanding of evidence-based medicine, and too much emphasis on economic benefits and so on will also affect the clinical staff to obtain information resources, and poor understanding of evidence-based medicine. In addition, the difficulty of access to information resources for clinical staff, poor understanding of evidence-based medicine, and over-emphasis on economic benefits will also affect the implementation of evidence-based medicine.