What is the education system in the United States and what is its profile?

The United States of America is the first church and private schools and then public schools, so the traditional education system is decentralized and public-private system.

The Constitution of the United States at the time of its founding provided that the federal government had no right to interfere in the education of the states, and the United States began to feel the need for a centralized educational leadership after the Civil War ended in 1865.

In 1868, only in the Department of the Interior set up the General Education Administration, but also only to manage very little federal education funding, to provide help and advice to schools in the states, until 1979 to formally establish the federal Department of Education. The state boards of education and the local school boards under them, along with the basic school boards, still have the power to control education policy, development programs, and funding allocations in their respective states. But the federal government due to the increasing education funding and since 1958 several education law (such as & lt; National Defense Education Act primary and secondary education law gifted education law; adult education law; etc.) of the promulgation of the implementation of the central government's education policy gradually infiltrated into the state and local, on the national exerted a strong influence.

Education is aimed at all people, and involves the future of every family and individual, so education is not only a national event, but also a major event for the state and local governments and social groups, all of them put manpower, material, financial, and energy into education, so that the formation of a multi-track system of education, mobilizing the enthusiasm of the education of many aspects, and the use of the laws of the market economy to do the "three full" (universal, comprehensive, full) education, this is the American education system, which is a good example of the development of education. Education, which is the biggest feature of the U.S. education system. This than simply relying on government funding (single-track system) to run schools, according to the laws of the planned economy to run education has a higher efficiency and good results. The United States of America's many social groups (religious, labor unions, enterprises) and educational groups (educational foundations, associations, research) to promote the United States of America's education reform played a huge role, such as the Catholic Church, the Carnegie, Ford, Rockefeller and other foundations to its strong funds and strong public opinion to promote the education of various experiments, educational reform, scientific research and the establishment of new professions, dissemination of advanced experience, put forward the aims of education and policy The Rockefeller Foundation, with its strong funding and powerful public opinion, promotes various experiments in education, educational reform, scientific research and the establishment of new specialties, disseminates advanced experience, and proposes educational objectives and policies.

Multiculturalism in American education is the national policy of the United States, and multicultural education is the greatest way to integrate multiracial immigrants into the main culture of the United States. Naturalizationism" is the use of the dominant culture to oppress, eliminate, or mix with other cultures. In contrast, multiculturalism is the acceptance of multiple national cultures in a country as distinct and separate components that can be identified and complemented on an equal footing.

The high level of culture and education in the United States has also contributed to the country's position as a world leader in science and technology. In the American view, everyone has the right to education. U.S. law requires that children be enrolled in school between the ages of 6 and 16. Public schools in the U.S. are supported by government taxes and are free for students; private schools are mostly supported by churches. Schools in the United States are divided into the following four categories according to age level:

1. elementary schools: grades 1-6 (6-12 years old)

2. junior high schools: grades 7-8 (13-14 years old)

3. high schools: grades 9-12 (15-18 years old)

4. colleges (universities): generally 4-year (18 years old or older), with additional There are also "graduate schools" or "professional schools" for students who have graduated from university and are engaged in research.

U.S. universities currently implement the associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree systems, which represent two major categories of undergraduate and graduate education at four different academic levels. In addition, U.S. universities award honorary degrees, which do not reflect academic achievement, but rather recognize outstanding contributions to society.

Two-year colleges, also known as junior or technical colleges, are mostly public, and most are organized by local communities, so they are generally called community colleges.

Four-year colleges are of two general types: liberal arts and sciences colleges or liberal arts colleges, and independent professional colleges.

These two types of colleges are generally four years in length. The most common degrees awarded to graduates of the colleges of arts and sciences are the Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science, while the colleges of technology award professional degrees.

Comprehensive universities, which often require an undergraduate degree from a 4-year university for entry into these specialized colleges, are typically 3-4 years long and expensive. Comprehensive universities award three types of degrees: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral.