Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional stories - What are the three biggest intellectual toys in the world?

What are the three biggest intellectual toys in the world?

One or nine rings

Nine-ring is a representative traditional intellectual toy in China, which embodies the traditional culture of China and is very interesting. Jiuhuanhuan can practice both brain and hand, which is of great benefit to developing people's logical thinking ability and moving fingers and bones. At the same time, it can also cultivate the spirit of concentration and patience in study and work, which is really a Xian Yi for all ages.

Jiu Lian Huan has a very long history and is said to have been invented during the Warring States Period. It is one of the most mysterious toys invented by human beings. After the Song Dynasty, the Nine-Chain began to spread widely. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people from scholar-officials to peddlers liked it. Many famous literary works have mentioned the Nine-Chain, and there is a record of Lin Daiyu's ingenious interpretation of the Nine-Chain in the Dream of Red Mansions. In foreign countries, cardano, a mathematician, had already mentioned Nine Chains in A.D. 1550. Later, the mathematician Wallis made an incisive analysis of the Nine Rings. Gross also deeply studied the nine chains and gave it a perfect answer with binary numbers.

Second, Huarong Road

The game of Huarong Road is taken from the famous story of Three Kingdoms. Cao Cao was defeated by Liu Bei and Sun Quan's "bitter plan" and "burning camp" in the Chibi War and was forced to retreat to Huarong Road. He was ambushed by Zhuge Liang. In order to repay Cao Cao's kindness, Guan Yu forced him to yield, and finally helped Cao Cao escape from Huarong Road. This game is based on "Cao Zang was defeated, and he faced Guan Gong. Just for the story of "I was so grateful that I put down the golden lock and the dragon", I helped Cao Cao move from the initial position to the bottom middle of the chessboard and escaped from the exit by moving all the pieces. Don't allow the pieces to cross, and try to move Cao Cao to the exit with the least number of steps. The biggest obstacle for Cao Cao to escape from Huarong Road was Guan Yu, who immediately went to Huarong Road, and one person kept it, and no one could. Guan Yu and Cao Cao are, of course, the key to solving this game. The four Liu Bei soldiers are the most flexible and easy to deal with. How to play their role should be fully considered. " Huarong Road has a chessboard with twenty small squares representing Huarong Road. There is an exit with two squares under the chessboard, which is for Cao Cao to escape. There are ten pieces of different sizes on the chessboard, representing Cao Cao, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, Huang Zhong and Guan Yu respectively, with a total of four pieces. There are dozens of ways to deal with Huarong Road, such as "cross the knife at once", "close at hand", "going through five customs to kill six generals", "packing" and "Xiaoyan leaving the nest" and so on. There are only two small squares on the chessboard. The game is to move the chess pieces through these two spaces and move Cao Cao out of Huarong Road with the least number of steps. This toy has aroused the interest of many people, and everyone tries to reduce the number of moving steps.

Third, the Rubik's cube

The Rubik's Cube, also known as Rubik's Cube, was invented by Professor rubik of Budapest Institute of Architecture in 1974. At first, he invented the Rubik's Cube as a teaching tool to help students enhance their spatial thinking ability. But it is not only a mechanical problem to make those small squares rotate at will without scattering, which involves wooden shafts, seats and tenons. It was not until the Rubik's Cube was in his hand that he turned the Rubik's Cube several times that he found out how to restore the messy colored squares, which was actually an interesting and difficult problem. Lu is determined to mass-produce this kind of toy. The Rubik's Cube swept the world soon after it was invented, and people found this small cube really mysterious.

Rubik's cube is a changeable intellectual toy. Lu Square is also called Square. 1974 was invented by Hungarian architecture professor Lu, and it was popular in Europe, America and even the world in the late 1970s and early 1980s.

The Rubik's Cube is a six-sided cube made of elastic hard plastic. The core is a shaft, which consists of 26 small cubes. Including six central squares, it is fixed and only one side is colored. 8 corner squares (3 colored faces) can be rotated. There is also a 12 square (with color on both sides) that can also be rotated. When toys are sold, the arrangement of small cubes makes each side of the big cube have the same color. When one side of a large cube translates and rotates, the single color of its adjacent side is destroyed to form a new pattern cube, and then it is changed to form small squares with different colors on each side. According to experts' estimation, all possible modes are about 4.3× 10. The game is to restore the disturbed cube to a single color by rotating it as soon as possible.