Ancient poems describing the twenty-four solar terms

Last year, China's "Twenty-four Solar Terms" was officially listed in the representative list of human intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.

The twenty-four solar terms are the crystallization of China people's wisdom. What kind of literary style will Tang poetry and Song poetry meet with the twenty-four solar terms?

Twenty-four solar terms in ancient poetry

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Beginning of Spring

The willow shoots, and the breeze blows the tender grass.

The field wants the smell of earth, and this year it planted spring seedlings.

Beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms. It means to begin to enter the spring, "yang and thorns, everything is spring." After beginning of spring, everything is full of vitality, and the four seasons begin now.

Rain Water

Grass and trees are sprouting, flowers are in full bloom, and someone is coming to the fields for spring ploughing.

The earth was born with water, which is as precious as oil.

In the rainy season, the spring breeze blows all over, the ice and snow melt, the air is moist and the rain increases, so it is called rain. People often say: "Spring blossoms, and rain is busy to send fertilizer."

Awakening of Insects

When all is silent in the spring thunder, orioles sing on the high-barn willow.

A garden is pink and cuckoo sounds lush.

This solar term means that after beginning of spring, the weather gets warmer, the spring thunder starts to shake, and all kinds of hibernating animals that are dormant in the soil will wake up and start to move, so it is called a fright. "Before the thunder comes, the rain is like a dragon."

Spring Equinox

Sowing and raising seedlings, the wheat seedlings are green and the vegetables are fragrant.

At the vernal equinox, flowers bloom and warblers are busy in the countryside.

The vernal equinox is the midpoint of 90 days in spring. On this day, the northern and southern hemispheres are equal in day and night, so it is called the vernal equinox. After this day, the direct position of the sun moves northward, and the days in the northern hemisphere are long and the nights are short. So the vernal equinox is the beginning of spring in the northern hemisphere. Overwintering crops in most parts of China have entered the spring growth stage.

Qingming Festival

Looking for spring, pruning to ward off evil spirits and catkins are light.

In China, the tradition of mesons is also a cold food.

During the Qingming Festival, the climate is fresh and warm, flowers and trees grow new branches, everything begins to grow, and farmers are busy ploughing and planting in spring. Once upon a time, on this day in Tomb-Sweeping Day, some families would plant willows at the door and go for an outing to sweep the graves in the suburbs. This is an ancient custom.

Grain Rain

It's raining, the grain is abundant, and the field is green for a long time.

The flowers in the East Village are not as good as fairies, and fairies are actually spring mothers.

Grain Rain means that rain breeds grain. Because rain moistens the earth, five grains can grow, so Grain Rain means "Rain gives birth to a hundred grains". As the saying goes, "Before and after Grain Rain, you reap what you sow".

Early summer

The bucket refers to the ridge bottom of Dongshan, when the seedlings have grown up.

Vines pay attention to fat cucumbers, not everyone in Wang Po praises them.

Long summer is the beginning of summer. Since then, everything has flourished. Traditionally, long summer is regarded as one of the most important solar terms when the temperature rises significantly, the summer heat approaches, thunderstorms increase and crops enter the peak season.

Grain Buds

In the middle of April of the harvest season, the maturity of seedlings is different.

The ears of wheat are green and the wind is blowing. Nod and swing.

Since Xiaoman, summer crops such as barley and winter wheat have borne fruit and full seeds, but they are not yet mature, so they are called Xiaoman.

Grain in Ear

It is rainy in rainy season, so it is good to plant red taro early.

Indica rice seedlings are busy flowering and yellow flowers.

Miscanthus seeds are the most suitable cereal crops for sowing Miscanthus, such as late rice, millet and millet. If you plant awns and crops after this time, it will not be ripe. At the same time, "awn" refers to crops with awns such as wheat and barley, and "species" refers to seeds. Awn seeds indicate the maturity of awned crops such as wheat.

Summer solstice

At the solstice of late summer, cicadas began to sing and the sun was scorching.

The land in Wujin is golden wheat, and it has been a bumper harvest for many years.

The solstice in summer is the longest day and the shortest night in the northern hemisphere. From this day on, it entered the hot season, when everything in the world grew most vigorously. Therefore, in ancient times, this day was called the northern solstice, which meant that the sun moved to the northernmost day.

Minor Heat

It's hot in June in midsummer, and crickets stay late in the shade.

On dog days, willows hang thin, which is a good day to cut and dry rice.

It's already very hot, but it's not the hottest time yet, so it's called Xiaoshu. At this point, it is already around the beginning.

Major Heat

In the hot sun, the enthusiasm for rice and grain is growing well.

In summer, moxibustion is used to heat the green land, and insects hiss to bake candlesticks.

The summer heat is the hottest solar term in a year. Before and after the next day's duty, high temperature weather of 40℃ often appeared in many places in the Yangtze River Basin. Do a good job in heatstroke prevention and cooling. There is a lot of rain in this solar term, so we should pay attention to the flood control and waterlogging prevention in the proverb "little summer heat, big summer heat, drowning rats"

Beginning of Autumn

In the morning, the fog on the earth disappears, cool and rainy.

Looking at the distant mountains, the golden leaves are cool, and the cool summer is a good autumn.

From this day on, autumn began, the autumn was crisp, the moon was bright and the wind was clear. Since then, the temperature has gradually decreased from the hottest time.

The heat is over

Heaven and earth began to dry up, the eagle caught the bird, Xiaomi.

Hot and cold exchange boxing, an autumn rain and a cold.

At this point, the heat has come to an end. The heat of summer is about to dissipate. This is the turning point of the temperature drop. It is a symbol of cold climate and indicates the end of summer.

White Dew

Wild geese and swallows fly south, and they will return in the spring in the coming year.

Look for the autumnal equinox in the Millennium and see the bumper harvest of rice and late rice.

In the Millennium, the weather turned cold and the water vapor on the ground condensed. Therefore, it is called the Millennium.

Autumn Equinox

One minute, the autumn is crisp, and the field is clothed.

Eight or nine chrysanthemum yellow crabs are fat, cool and fragrant.

The autumnal equinox and the vernal equinox are the same. The sun shines almost directly on the equator, and day and night are almost equal. According to China's autumnal equinox theory, this day is exactly half of the ninety days in autumn, so it is called autumnal equinox. But in astronomy, it is stipulated that autumn in the northern hemisphere begins with the autumnal equinox.

Cold Dew

In late autumn, the red leaves are condensed, and the cicadas are even frosty.

In the morning, the pond is foggy and dancing.

After the white dew, the weather turned cold and dew began to appear. When the dew is cold, there is much dew and the temperature is low. So some people say that cold is dew, white first and then cold, which means that the climate will gradually turn cold. Water vapor condenses into dew.

Frost's Descent

The first frost is getting colder and colder, and the plants are yellow.

On a moonlit night, when autumn clouds don't fall into the water, Qing Xiang always comes alone.

In the first frost season, the weather is already cold and frost begins, so it is called the first frost.

Beginning of Winter

Follow the age all the year round, and now I'm in beginning of winter to store cold clothes.

Farming emphasizes the prosperity of water, and being good at repairing canals is not idle.

Beginning of winter, as the beginning of winter, has always been known to our people. Winter, as the end, means that after a year of field work, crops will be harvested.

Minor Snow

It's not the lotus leaf in the lotus pond, but the residual branches of chrysanthemum in early winter in Ao Shuang.

The wind, frost, pine and cypress are green, and Lulu keeps out the cold.

In the light snow season, the temperature drops and it begins to snow, but it is not the season of heavy snow, so it is called light snow. Before and after the light snow, it began to snow in the Yellow River Basin. In the north, it has entered the freezing season.

Major Snow

The vast land is white and the countryside is natural at night.

It's snowing all over the sky, and next year will definitely be a good year.

Before and after the heavy snow, there was gradually snow in the Yellow River basin. It's already the severe winter of "thousands of miles frozen, Wan Li snowing" in the north.

Winter solstice

The sunshine lasted for nine solstice winters, frost and strong winds.

It is another balance day, and the sub-line goes back from south to north.

On the solstice of winter, the sun shines almost directly on the tropic of Capricorn. Our northern hemisphere has the shortest day and the longest night, and it has begun to enter several cold days. After the winter solstice, the direct sunlight gradually moved northward, and the days in the northern hemisphere gradually became longer. As the proverb goes, eating noodles on the solstice in winter will make the day longer.

Minor Cold

Cold nine walks on the frost, and the ice shoots under the eaves of the thatched cottage.

Magpies climb branches and play, urging when spring will come.

After the slight cold, it began to enter the cold season. Cold air is cold for a long time, and slight cold means that the weather is cold but not extreme.

Major Cold

Flowers and trees control the four seasons, and birds sing to report the farming season.

Say goodbye to the cold night quietly and welcome the new year with noise. Great cold refers to extremely cold weather. Around the Great Cold is the coldest season of the year. The great cold occurred just after March 9 and at the beginning of April 9. As the saying goes, "3949 walks on the ice".