Characteristics of folk art

The characteristics of folk art, folk art refers to some intangible cultural heritage circulating in our country. China is a big cultural country with a long history. As a cultural heritage, folk art should be paid more attention. The following are the characteristics of folk art.

Characteristics of folk art 1 1. Basic characteristics of folk art

1. Aesthetic characteristics of truth, goodness and beauty

"Folk art usually regards the needs of life in real life as its own aesthetic ideal, its utilitarian will and requirements as the standard of aesthetic judgment and choice, and appeals to aesthetic forms in order to conquer the objective world, transform the world and yearn for a better life." Many artistic images and forms in folk art are the dreams of modern artists.

More importantly, folk art contains the truth, goodness and beauty of the artistic standards established by elite artists, reaching the supreme unity. "The most primitive is often the most modern, and the most naive is often the most mature." "Mandarin Chu Yu" stone: "Great beauty is also good, up and down inside and outside, big and small, far and near are harmless, so it is called beauty."

As we all know, beauty is harmless, which not only reflects the good wishes of working people, but also is another meaning of "beauty" in folk art. The consciousness of perfection in folk creation is very distinct and strong. For the deep connotation of' beauty', the creator himself may not have the consciousness of thinking, because it is natural and free from introspection, and it is the original unity of beauty and goodness without division in ontology consciousness.

After long-term cultural accumulation and national aesthetic psychological adjustment, truth, goodness and beauty are naturally unified in folk art, and the pursuit of perfection in folk art is born from people's longing for life and eager yearning for a peaceful world. This is the source of its strength.

People-oriented, goodness as the price orientation, determines that it is not a far-fetched description of the objective world, no self-righteous preaching, no extremely obscure concept. All the wishes, expectations and happiness of civil society are pinned on it. Truth, goodness and beauty ensure the beauty of folk art.

Folk artists and folk groups "have no intention of seeking beauty." For the deep connotation of "beauty", the creator himself may not have the consciousness of thinking, because it is natural and free from introspection, and it is the original unity of "beauty" and "goodness" without division in ontology consciousness. "

They understood the meaning of beauty through intuition. In the pursuit of goodness, truth is achieved, beauty is produced in the unity of truth and goodness, and beauty reveals truth and stores goodness. Truth, goodness and beauty are unified in a harmonious state of mind full of affection and longing.

2. Fresh and simple ideas

Judging from the existing form of folk art, it has the nature of coincidence with real life, which Zhang called "original". The creators of folk art are mostly working people at the bottom of society. Their life practice and feelings about life determine that folk art has always maintained the basic quality of the original art of the Chinese nation.

Naivety, naturalness and simplicity are the general characteristics of folk art, which has strong originality. The originality of folk art lies not only in the spontaneous production of folk art, but more importantly, it shows the direct needs of the general public for life, rather than a purely artistic aesthetic creation activity.

When folk artists create folk art, they do not show off their skills or put on airs. They rely on their own wisdom and production skills to create, with a large number of prototype characteristics of life, far closer to real life than other arts. In terms of content, it is often close to production and daily life scenes;

In form, generally do not do too much carving and decoration, to maintain a fresh and simple primitive. In modern society, although many folk arts have been artificially eliminated due to the development of science and technology, especially the process of social industrialized production, the original characteristics of folk art still exist.

Therefore, the more popular the folk art category, the more it can reflect the original cultural connotation and artistic form of China.

3. Areas full of strong local colors

Folk art, with its unique modeling language and artistic form, reflects the emotional life and pursuit of people of all ethnic groups, and contains rich connotations in their social life, history, culture, customs, religious beliefs and aesthetic concepts.

Different nationalities and different regions will produce their own unique artistic culture. This regional artistic and cultural tradition not only shapes the cultural character of regional nationalities, but also affects and restricts people's living habits, which constitutes the richness and variety of folk art forms.

For example, paper-cutting in northern Shaanxi, shadow play in northeast China, New Year pictures in Zhuxian Town, Henan Province, and Tangka in Tibet. Through different forms of folk art, people can explore the national culture and folk etiquette of different nationalities and regions. In terms of content, it is often close to production and daily life, allowing feelings to be naturally revealed and expressing their feelings with intuitive artistic language;

In form, it generally does not do too much decoration, maintains a fresh and simple randomness, and has an artistic charm and aesthetic value that transcends time and space. Homesickness, local accent, local culture, cultivate one person and influence another. Folk art is a celebration of folk labor and life.

Characteristics of Folk Art 2 Characteristics of China Folk Crafts:

① Harmony. China's traditional artistic thought attaches importance to the relationship between people and things, utility and beauty, literature and quality, form and spirit, heart and hand, material and art, and advocates "harmony" and "appropriateness". The pursuit of the ideal realm of "harmony" and "appropriateness" makes China arts and crafts show a high degree of harmony;

The material form of appearance and the spiritual meaning of connotation are harmonious and unified, practicality and aesthetics are harmonious and unified, perceptual relationship and rational norms are harmonious and unified, and material technology and artistic structure are harmonious and unified.

Symbolic. China's craft thought has always attached importance to the influence of creation on ethics. It emphasizes the connection between the sensory pleasure of things and the emotional satisfaction of aesthetics, and requires this connection to conform to ethical norms.

Constrained by a strong ethical consciousness, China's traditional craft creation usually contains specific meanings, and often symbolically expresses ethical concepts through modeling, volume, scale, color or ornamentation.

This symbolic pursuit often reduces the arts and crafts of the court or literati to the display of pure ethical concepts, resulting in the destruction of posturing or utilitarian effects. In contrast, more folk arts and crafts symbolized by the producer's own utilitarian will are vigorous, unpretentious and full of vitality.

3 agile. China's craft thought advocates the unity of mind and matter, requires "handy", "quality is human, and the image is yin and yang", which fully embodies the life spirit of the subject in his creation.

China's traditional craft creation has always maintained the S-shaped structure paradigm in modeling and decoration. This structural paradigm is full of the rhythm of life and endless sense of movement, which makes China's craft works actively change in strict norms, sparse and ethereal.

4 natural interest. China's craft thought attaches great importance to the natural quality of craft materials, advocates "managing materials with materials" and "applying arts with materials", and requires "shaping with materials and applying arts with quality". China traditional arts and crafts always respect the stipulation of materials in modeling or decoration, and make full use of or show the natural beauty of materials. This excellent craftsman has made China's craft creation have natural, naive, quiet and elegant tastes and feelings.

⑤ Skills. Emphasizing and attaching importance to technology is a consistent tradition of arts and crafts in China. Rich creative practice makes craftsmen pay attention to the aesthetic effect of the craft and consciously pursue the aesthetic ideal realm of the craft in two different interest directions: the natural craft of deliberately carving traces and the unique lacquer carving craft.

Characteristics of folk art 3. Value expression of folk art.

1. Actual value

The objective law of practical art is the dialectical unity of practicality and beauty. Practical, always the first, occupying the first place; Beauty is subordinate to practicality and is based on the material, technological conditions and application occasions of practical goods. The more skillfully the two are combined, the more practical and artistic the goods can be strengthened.

For most working people, the important thing of folk art is not its aesthetic significance, but its practical significance of adapting to folk customs, so it is an indispensable artistic activity in folk customs. China folk art always follows the creative principle of combining practicality with aesthetics. Although the charm of folk art can be fascinating, its first feature is still practicality.

Its occurrence and development are accompanied by people's work and life. It is not only an indispensable practical product in people's lives, but also a work of art with aesthetic value. Folk art is most closely related to people's lives. As far as its mainstream is concerned, it is mostly practical. Although some of them also have the characteristics of "pure art", they are not far from practical use.

One of the main characteristics of folk art is that it embodies the principle of unity of practicality and aesthetics, and of substance and spirit. Folk art is closely related to people's daily life. In the process of creating beauty, people first consider its practical value, that is, satisfying material life and realizing its practical value;

The second is appreciation, which is used to satisfy people's spiritual life. Therefore, the principle of people's life determines the practical principle of folk art, and the practical value of folk art is always linked with some practical utensils in life, related to people's daily needs, and was born around people's daily needs.

2. Moral education function

As an ethical culture, China traditional culture has complicated etiquette norms and serious moral standards. Because the ideal of life value established by China traditional culture is full and complete, folk art also plays the role of enlightenment education.

Folk art, with its unique affinity, integrates ideological and rational contents into artistic images and educates people in entertainment in its unique way, enlightening and educating people's moral concepts, codes of conduct, values of life, right and wrong concepts and aesthetic tastes, which is of great appreciation, aesthetic and educational significance. This is also the intrinsic driving force of its own existence value and relatively independent development.

In folk art works, the theme of praising and publicizing the deeds of martyrs, loyalty, filial piety and righteousness accounts for a large proportion. Folklore, historical allusions, novels or opera characters are often the main themes.

Preaching with the help of aesthetic strength and entertainment is the materialized form of spreading beliefs and moral thoughts. In the woodcarving, brick carving and stone carving of Huizhou architecture in southern Anhui, works in this field can be found everywhere, such as Tattoo of Mother-in-law, Crossing the Sea with Eight Immortals, Liangshan in Shui Bo, Fighting Tigers with Song Wu and so on.

In a word, folk art is the unity of truth, goodness and beauty, and has the same essence and value as elite art. Since ancient times, people have gradually realized its great significance. How many artists have been inspired and influenced by the modeling rules, simple style and unpretentious quality of folk art

The cultural, moral and social connotations carried by folk art provide valuable information for sociologists to dig deeply into national culture, history and social customs. As the unity of truth, goodness and beauty, folk art is of great significance from the perspective of sociology and aesthetics.