Traditional festivals of Bai nationality

What are the traditional festivals of Bai nationality? 1. An annual festival?

After the memorial service, everyone went back to kill Nianzhu. If it is agreed that cook the meat is the partner to eat on this day, the pig slayer will take out one-tenth of the meat and cook it for everyone. If you don't eat together, the family that kills pigs should also give the pork to those who don't raise pigs to show solidarity and friendship.

2. March Street

March Street: Known as Guanyin City or Guanyin Club in ancient times, it has a history of 1000 years. The annual summer calendar is held in March at the foot of Zhonghe Peak in Cangshan, western Dali. The content of the festival was originally a Buddhist temple fair, with a grand lecture and worship activities. This is a traditional festival of the Bai people, which is held every year at the foot of Zhonghe Peak in Dali and in the open space beside the Xi Zhong River. Every March Street, businessmen from thousands of miles away and neighboring counties come from all directions to participate in the transaction. There are all kinds of goods in the market, from medicinal materials to food, furniture and livestock. It is the largest commodity trading gathering place in western Yunnan.

It is said that a long time ago, there was a tyrant who wanted to live forever. He listened to an attendant and ate a couple of people's eyes every day, which brought great disaster to the local Bai people. At that time, there was a warrior full of magical power. One day in March, he tricked the tyrant into the foothills of Cangshan Mountain and Fengfeng Mountain, called a god dog to bite the tyrant's throat, drank his blood, wiped out the demon king and eliminated evil for the Bai people. In order to commemorate the great day when the warriors and the Bai people were saved, people gathered at the foot of Cangshan Mountain from March 15th to 20th every year, singing and dancing. Year after year, the annual March Street was formed. At present, during March Street, in addition to exchanging materials, folk songs and dances, sports and other activities are also performed. Especially the riders of all ethnic groups who participated in the Jockey Club gathered at the foot of Cangshan Mountain, whipping their horses and rushing to Erhai Lake like a cloud. The scene is spectacular.

3. Torch Festival

June 25th of the annual summer calendar is the most grand festival for the Bai people. On this day, every village will erect a high torch and every family will set up a small torch. As night falls, the torches are lit together, just like thousands of fire dragons flying all over the mountains. People walk in the fields, catching insects and killing pests. Families with newborn babies invited villagers to hold a wedding banquet under the fire to congratulate the mother and son on their safety.

Drinking water for the first time

New Year's Eve is an annual festival for the Bai people in Dali to grab water. When night falls, all the girls and boys are busy dressing up. They put on gorgeous national costumes, carried a string of firecrackers in their hands and a bucket on their shoulders. They marched in every corner of the village and came to the well with smiles on their faces. At midnight, only firecrackers were heard, and everyone scrambled for the first sip of water. After each household takes the robbed head water home, they use it to make soup balls, noodles and other foods, put them in bowls or plates after cooking, and respectfully give them to the elderly from door to door to congratulate them on their happiness, happiness and health in the New Year. After the old man accepted the gift, he put a few cents on the plate when he returned it to show his age. I wish the younger generation healthy growth and happiness. The water grabbing activity fully embodies the Bai nationality's national tradition of respecting the old and loving the young.

5. Play Ocean Club

In the days of playing in the sea, Erhai Lake is dotted with white sails and the shore is crowded with people. People just play suona, sing "Big Ben", and dance overlord whip and crane dance in tune, and have a good time. At the same time, the annual dragon boat race is held. Dragon boats are generally converted from large wooden boats in Erhai Lake. The sail, about10m long and 3m wide, is decorated with red and green lights. Colorful three-stage buckets and gongs are tied to the mast, pine branches are erected on the stern rudder, the omnipotent Huanglong and Black Dragon are painted on the side of the ship, and a round mirror is embedded in the middle. With a call, dragon boat races were held in villages, and people sang the tune of dragon boat races, wishing good weather and good harvests.

6. Song Festival on March 3rd

Traditional festivals of Bai nationality. On the third day of the third lunar month, it was held in Baohe Hall on the south side of Wanqiao Town, Dali. First, according to the national tradition, men and women sing duet and white tune in public from March 3rd to September 9th. March 3rd is the first day of the year when Bai men and women can enjoy singing. Secondly, the statues of the farewell empress and the prince in Baohe Hall are flourishing, and many women who come to visit have the desire to have children. Most elderly women come to make vows, while young and middle-aged people come to sing, listen to songs or find bosom friends. On March 3rd, Bai people from villages in Dali Bazi gathered in Baohe Temple. During the day, groups of people sing duets, and after dusk, the duets reach their climax. Couples sing softly in the temple or village, and the tune is melodious.

7. Yutan Club

There is a hillside called Yutanpo near Erhai Lake in Yunnan Yunnong Peak. There are criss-crossing caves under the slope, and one of them is called Yutan Cave. Oil fish swim around in caves, especially in autumn. It is said that oily fish is unique to this place. It is one or two inches long and is named after its small scales and tender meat. Cooking without oil is delicious. If you add fresh tofu, it tastes better. This is the local famous vegetable oil fish tofu soup.

Legend has it that oily fish is the offspring of fish essence. A long time ago, an old fish often stopped at the mouth of Yutan cave. It swallowed the essence of the five elements inside and the qi of yin and yang outside, and became a fish essence after a hundred years. It often sleeps soundly and produces oily fish in it. August 15 every year is the day when it wakes up. As soon as he woke up, he put his mouth out of the water and sucked all the pedestrians on the slope into his stomach. Many people died in the belly of fish. In order to prevent fish from eating people, the Bai people set up tents and hold grand activities on Yutanpo from August 15 every year. People come and go during the day, but at night the fish essence is afraid to come out again. Since then, the Yutan Club will be held on August 15th every year for seven to ten days.

8. Around three souls

Every year in late April of the lunar calendar, the Bai people hold a "three-soul tour" for three or four days. During the festival, thousands of men, women and children dressed in national costumes, played musical instruments, sang and danced, and gathered in Shengyuan Temple, the capital of God, for sacrificial ceremonies and various cultural activities. According to legend, General Nanzhao, Duan Zongbang, the ancestor of Duan in Dali, is the highest god among the Bai people. The temple where he lives is called Shen Du, which was built in Shengyuan Temple in Shangyangxi.

9. Shi Baoshan Song Club

It is held in Shi Baoshan, Jianchuan every year from July 27th to August 3rd. During the festival, men and women have separate singing competitions.

What are the taboos of Bai customs? Taboo of hospitality

Guests at home can only listen to the guests and can't rush in and ask questions. Men are at home, and women can't take the initiative to smoke, make tea and talk to guests. Guests should be invited to sit for eight when eating. The host should not talk loudly on the railing of the dining table, which means respecting the guests. Don't dig a hole with a spoon like digging a hole in jiaozi, which means don't argue with food, treat people equally. Father, brother and younger brother can't sit on the same bench with their daughter-in-law, sister-in-law and brother-in-law, and they can't drop rice grains when eating, otherwise they will be struck by lightning, which means cherishing food. Father and son can't sit at the same table as guests, and men and women can't sit at the same table, which means there should be differences between men and women. Put chopsticks on the edge of the finished bowl after eating, and don't throw them around, to thank the host for his hospitality. This kind of hospitality taboo standardizes people's behavior in detail, and makes people develop the good moral character of respecting the old and loving the young, being friendly in the neighborhood, being courteous and courteous, and borrowing talents and loving things.

Holiday taboo

Wedding and funeral taboo

There are taboos in marriage, such as pigs and dogs don't match, avoid chickens and dogs restless; Tigers and dragons and snakes don't match, Long Hudou bans them, chickens and snakes don't match, chickens peck at snakes are forbidden, and husband and wife don't get along. When choosing the date of marriage, it is forbidden to do four things, that is, beginning of spring, Changxia, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter can't use the day before to avoid childlessness; It is also forbidden to use four points, that is, the day before the vernal equinox, the autumnal equinox, the summer solstice and the winter solstice, so as not to lose his wife and children. As a wedding guest, you can't wear simple white clothes; Dumb, dumb children and pregnant women can't enter the new house, so as not to bring bad luck to people. The bride takes it home without seeing the groom's parents. Elder brother and sister-in-law etc. In order to avoid future collisions and disharmony.

If someone in the family dies, the son can't sit on the bench when he is filial to Sun Shouling, and drinking and other recreational activities are prohibited. Don't wash your hair, shave or bathe for ten days, and don't go into other people's homes. Otherwise, it will be regarded as disrespectful to the deceased or bring bad luck to others. Within a year, there can be no happy events at home, or you will be guilty of unfilial taboo. In case of red mourning, heavy mourning and earthy yellow days, we can't be buried, so we have to extend the spiritual pivot to an auspicious day. At the funeral, people belonging to the same genus should avoid it, otherwise it will bring disaster to the living. There's a saying in Tielu Bai nationality mountainous area: White matter is red, husband and wife keep empty rooms, beam is red, and they are uneasy at home. In case of red mourning, one more person will die in the family of the deceased. The solution is to make a small coffin with a dragon ball, sew it on with thread, then knead it into a person with flour and put it in the coffin, and take out the blood drops from the chicken head and drop them on the wheat flour man. On the day of the funeral, the little coffin was carried to the threshold, and a pit was dug at the intersection for burial. These taboos close to superstition are intended to make the living filial to the dead, not to treat life lightly, and to let the living cultivate the virtue of loyalty and filial piety.