Principle of traditional decoction

Dosage forms refer to the forms of pharmaceutical preparations. At present, there are more than 40 kinds of Chinese medicine dosage forms in China, including traditional dosage forms such as soup, pills, powder, ointment, Dan, wine, gel and dew, as well as modern dosage forms such as tablets, granules, injections, capsules and aerosols. The following introduces several commonly used Chinese medicine formulas and their characteristics.

(1) decoction: it is the most commonly used dosage form. Decoct a patch of traditional Chinese medicine in water to obtain juice, repeat for 2-3 times, and uniformly mixing that filtrate obtained each time, and take the paste in 2-3 times. It is characterized by convenient and flexible addition and subtraction of prescriptions, easy absorption by oral administration and quick response. However, decoction is troublesome and difficult to preserve.

(2) Pill: a spherical dosage form made of fine powder of medicinal materials, adhesive or medicinal material extract and excipient. According to the different types of adhesives, it can be divided into five kinds: water pills, honey pills, ointment pills, wax pills and concentrated pills. Water pills are cheap, but they tend to harden after being placed, so it is difficult to exert their efficacy in time in the body. Honey pills are mostly used for patients with chronic diseases or weak health, but they are easy to get moldy and moldy after being stored for a long time. When eating wax pills, you should heat and melt them before taking them. Concentrated pills are small in size, high in drug content and convenient to take, but sometimes their disintegration does not meet the requirements, which affects the curative effect.

(3) Granule: refers to the dry granule preparation made of fine powder or extract of medicinal materials, which is the development of decoction, syrup and extract. It is convenient to take and delicious, and is most suitable for patients with chronic diseases and children. Commonly used is the music pulse agent for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Cold antipyretic granules for treating exogenous diseases, etc. The disadvantage is that the sugar content is high and it is easy to regain moisture.

(4) Powder: It is a dry powder dosage form made by pulverizing and mixing one or more drugs evenly, and it is one of the oldest dosage forms. It can be taken orally or externally, such as tin powder. Oral administration can treat colon ulcer, and external application can treat oral mucosal ulcer and throat ulcer. In addition, there is Qili powder for promoting blood circulation and relieving pain; Wuling powder diuretic tonglin; Tongguan powder is used to treat apoplexy and colic, and to blow your nose to get rid of sneezing. The powder is simple to process, convenient to use and fast to absorb, but the disadvantage is that the aromatic components are volatile, which affects the curative effect.

(5) Ointment: It can be divided into two types: oral administration and external use. Oral ointment is a viscous semi-fluid dosage form prepared by decocting drugs in water, removing residues to get juice, concentrating, and adding refined honey or sugar. It is characterized by strong sweet taste, mild medicinal properties, easy to take and suck beer, and quick response. External ointment, mostly plaster, is made by extracting beer from plants and adding red lead. It can be used externally to treat scabies, sores or rheumatic pain.

(6) Liquor: Soaking drugs with liquor (ethanol content is about 50%~60%) or yellow rice wine (ethanol content is about 65438 05%) is simple to make, not bad after long storage, and can be used for both internal and external use. Commonly used are Zhuifeng Huoluo wine, ginseng antler wine, ginseng medicinal wine and stone pot tribute wine suitable for nourishing drinks. Its characteristics are less dosage, good absorption and quick response. However, it is only suitable for cold and debilitating diseases, and it should be used with caution or prohibited for those who can't drink and are not suitable for drinking.

(7) Tablet: It is a dosage form widely used in clinic at present. According to the ratio of powder to concentrated extract, it can be made into green tablets, extract tablets, semi-extract tablets and so on. Tablets have the advantages of small size, accurate dosage, stable quality, convenient administration and carrying. Its disadvantage is that it is inconvenient for children and coma patients to swallow, and it will disintegrate if stored improperly.