Kunqu opera is a local opera in which province?

Question 1: Where is Kunqu Opera? It originated in Kunshan at the end of Yuan Dynasty and has a history of more than 600 years. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, China's operas have been divided into north and south, and their singing styles are different from place to place. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Gu Jiegang and others sorted out and improved the original tune of Nanqu, which was popular in Kunshan, and called it "Kunshan tune", which was the embryonic form of Kunqu opera. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Wei Liangfu, an outstanding opera musician, reformed and innovated the melody and singing method of Kunshan tune, absorbing the advantages of southern tune such as Haiyan tune and Yiyang tune, giving full play to the beautiful and distant features of Kunshan tune and absorbing the rigorous structure of northern tune. He used the singing method of northern tunes, accompanied by flute, flute, sheng, pipa and other accompaniment instruments to create a delicate and elegant "ink and wash song" that combines the length of northern and southern tunes. Later, Liang Chenyu, a native of Kunshan, inherited Wei Liangfu's achievements and further studied and reformed Kunqu Opera. At the end of Qin Long's life, he wrote the first Kunqu legend "Huansha Ji". This legendary performance expanded the influence of Kunqu Opera, and more and more scholars competed to create legends and learn from Kunqu Opera. Therefore, Kunqu Opera, together with Yu Yaoqiang, Haiyan and Yiyang, is known as the four major tunes in Ming Dynasty. By the end of Wanli, due to the extensive performance activities of Kunban, Kunqu was introduced to Beijing and Hunan through Yangzhou, ranking first among all kinds of operas, and became the standard aria of legendary scripts: "Songs from all directions should be directed at Wumen". In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Kunqu Opera spread to Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangdong, and developed into a national opera. The singing of Kunqu Opera was originally based on Wu dialect in Suzhou, but after it was introduced to other places, it was combined with local dialects and folk music and evolved into many schools, forming a colorful Kunqu Opera system and becoming a representative drama of the whole nation. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the development of Kunqu opera entered its heyday. From then on, Kunqu Opera began to dominate the pear garden, which lasted for 600 to 700 years, and became the oldest traditional opera form in China and even the world.

Question 2: Kunqu Opera, a local opera in China, is an older opera in Kunshan, Jiangsu.

Question 3: Where is Kunqu Opera? Kunshan, Suzhou

Question 4: What kinds of plays are there in China? Where is Kunqu Opera? From the China Opera and Drama Protection Exhibition, which opened in China Academy of Art on June 5438+00, it was learned that there are 267 kinds of operas in China, half of which are amateur performances, and more than 60 kinds of existing operas have no audio-visual materials.

According to reports, a survey in the 1950s showed that there were 368 kinds of operas in China, but the Encyclopedia of China compiled 1982. According to the survey data, there are 3 17 operas in China. From the dramatic "shrinking" of drama, we can see the dilemma faced by the inheritance of drama and feel that the protection of drama has a long way to go.

Kunqu Opera, which originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province and has a history of more than 600 years, is known as the "father and teacher of hundreds of operas". Many local operas, such as Jin Opera, Pu Opera, Shangdang Opera, xiang opera Opera, Sichuan Opera, Gan Opera, Guangxi Opera, Yong Opera, Yue Opera, Guangdong Cantonese Opera, Fujian Opera, Wu Opera and Yunnan Opera, have been nourished by Kunqu Opera in many aspects.

Kunqu Opera, formerly known as "Kunshan Opera" or "Kunqu Opera" for short, has been called "Kunqu Opera" since the Qing Dynasty, and now it is also called "Kunqu Opera". Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest traditional operas in China, and it is also the treasure of traditional culture and art in China, especially the opera art. It is called the "Orchid" in the Hundred Flowers Garden.

As early as the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty (65438+the middle of the 4th century), Kunshan cavity appeared in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province. It, Haiyan Opera originated in Zhejiang, Yu Yaoqiang Opera originated in Jiangxi and Yiyang Opera are also called the four major operas in Ming Dynasty, belonging to the Southern Opera system.

Kunshan dialect began as a folk song ditty. At first, its distribution area was limited to Suzhou. In the Wanli period, Suzhou spread to the south of the Yangtze River and the north of Qiantang River, and gradually spread to Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Henan, Hebei, and also flowed into Beijing in the Wanli period. In this way, Kunshan Opera became the most influential vocal opera from the middle of Ming Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty.

Question 5: Which province does China's local opera belong to?

Kunqu Opera, also known as "Kunqu Opera" and "Kunqu Opera", is an ancient opera. Originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, it became popular after the middle of Ming Dynasty. At that time, most of the legendary operas were sung by Kunqu Opera. In addition to maintaining the characteristics of early Kunqu Opera, Nankun has formed many branches in China, such as Kunyi in the north, Xiang Kun, Chuankun and so on. Kunqu Opera, with its graceful and soft style, delicate and lyrical performance, singing and dancing, and rigorous program, is the representative of China classical operas.

2. High cavity

Gaoqiang is the general name of China traditional opera tune system. Because it originated in Yiyang, Jiangxi, it was originally named "Yiyang Opera" or "Yi Opera". It is characterized by simple performance, popular lyrics, high-pitched and exciting singing, one person singing while everyone is in harmony, and only golden drums are used to play festivals without orchestral accompaniment. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it has spread from Jiangxi to all parts of the country, and has formed high-pitched operas in different styles, such as Sichuan Opera, xiang opera Opera and Gan Opera.

3. Bangzi cavity

Bangzi Opera is the general name of a kind of opera vocal system. It originated from "Shaanxi Bangzi" at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi, and is characterized by high-pitched and powerful singing and high-five with wooden bangzi. Then it developed eastward and southward, forming different forms of Bangzi cavity in different areas, such as Shanxi Bangzi, Hebei Bangzi, Henan Bangzi and Shandong Bangzi.

4. Peking Opera

Peking Opera, also known as "Pihuang", is composed of two basic tones, Xipi and Huanger. It also sings some local tunes (such as Liu Zi Opera and Blowing Opera) and Kunqu Qupai. 1840 was formed in Beijing and prevailed in 1930s and 40s. It is sometimes called "National Opera". It is still a big drama with national influence. It is the representative of China modern opera, with comprehensive business, mature performance and magnificent momentum.

Step 5 get together by chance

In the late Qing Dynasty, Pingju was formed on the basis of the ditty "Lotus Falls Opposite" in Luanxian County, Hebei Province. It was first popular in rural areas of Hebei province, and then entered Tangshan, and was called "Tangshan Xiazi". It was popular in Northeast China around the 1920s, and a number of actresses appeared. After 1930s, under the influence of Peking Opera and Hebei Bangzi, Pingju became more and more mature, and schools such as Bai, Cailian and Ai Lianjun appeared. After 1950, Liu Qiaoer, Flowers as Media, Yang Sanjie's Complaints, Qin Xianglian and other plays had a great influence throughout the country, with new, famous and famous actors appearing. Pingju is still very popular in Hebei and Beijing.

6. Hebei Bangzi

Hebei Bangzi is a Bangzi opera popular in Hebei and Beijing. It originated from Shanshan Bangzi at the border of Shaanxi and was introduced to Hebei via Shanxi, and was formed by combining Hebei dialect and Beijing dialect. It keeps the characteristics of bangqiang, sings loudly and violently, and is good at performing tragic plots. Hebei Bangzi's famous dramas include Butterfly Cup, Yuanmen Chop, Du Shiniang and so on.

7. Jin Opera

Jin Opera, also known as "Middle Road Bangzi", developed from Shanshan Bangzi at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi to Shanxi, and was formed by combining the characteristics of Shanxi language. Now it is popular in central Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Hebei. It keeps the characteristics of clapping with the beat, and its musical style is not only high-pitched, but also gentle and delicate. The performance is simple and popular. Famous plays include Golden Branch, Little Banquet and Selling Paintings to Open the Door.

8. Pu Opera

Pu Opera, also known as "Zhou Pu Bangzi", was developed from Shanshan Bangzi, the first Shanshan Bangzi. Now it is popular in the southwest of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan, with a similar accent and Shaanxi dialect. Famous dramas include hanging pictures, killing dogs and killing post stations.

9. Shangdang Bangzi

Shangdang Bangzi, one of the four major Bangzi in Shanxi, is developed from Zhou Pu Bangzi in southwest Shanxi and is popular in Shangdang area in southeast Shanxi. Besides Bangzi, it also sings Kunqu Opera, Pihuang Opera and Luoluo Opera. Plays include "Three Customs Banquet" and "East Gate Meeting".

10, Yanxi

Yan Opera, also known as "North Road Bangzi", developed from "Zhou Pu Bangzi" and is popular in northwest Shanxi, Zhangjiakou, Hebei and Inner Mongolia. It is said that it has a great influence on the formation of Hebei Bangzi. Dramas include Bloody Handprints and Jinshui Bridge.

1 1, Shaanxi opera

Shaanxi Opera, also known as Shaanxi Bangzi, is the earliest opera of Bangzi, which was formed in the middle of Ming Dynasty. His performance is rough and simple, his singing is loud and exciting, his voice is like a roar, and he is good at expressing tragic plots. The repertoires include Butterfly Cup, You Gui Shan, Three Drops of Blood and so on.

12, table for two

Errentai is a traditional opera popular in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Zhangjiakou, Hebei. It was formed on the basis of Inner Mongolia folk songs and Shanxi folk tunes, and later absorbed the performance elements of Shanxi opera, gradually becoming ... & gt

Question 6: Where is Kunqu Opera and its origin?

China's traditional operas, from Southern Opera in the Song and Yuan Dynasties to Jin and Yuan Zaju, gradually developed and evolved. The peasant uprising overthrew Mongolia at the end of Yuan Dynasty.

After the feudal rule of nobles, the people of all ethnic groups in the south got rid of the shackles of ethnic discrimination politically and produced something.

Recovery, business gradually developed. At this time, China's drama has also undergone corresponding great changes, forming a "northern drama" (Yuan Zaju

) decline, the phenomenon of "Southern Opera" revival.

At that time, the main script of Southern Opera was Legend, and many voices were singing legends, the oldest of which originated in Haiyan, Zhejiang.

The tune, which was popular in Jiaxing, Huzhou, Wenzhou and Taizhou, was reintroduced to Jiangxi in Wanli, and was widely popular in Yi areas.

Yang Qiang, distributed in Jiangxi, South Beijing, Hunan, Fujian, Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, has many kinds.

Popular in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou and Xuzhou.

Guizhou, Guichi, Anhui, Taihu Lake and other places. There are also Siping cavity, Yiwu cavity and Leping cavity, all of which have little influence.

There is also a process for the revival of Southern Opera. The nobles and literati in the early Ming Dynasty also played the Northern Song Dynasty as a beautiful music. As for the people,

At the same time, the broad masses generally like the southern opera with popular tone and complete twists and turns. Wait until "Jing (Ji), Liu.

(Liu Zhiyuan's Tale of the White Rabbit), worship (Wang Ruilan's Moon Pavilion in funeral march) and killing (killing dogs) are four great legends and glories (Zecheng).

After the popularity of Pipa Ji, which is based on rhetoric in various aspects, it has been greatly improved and aroused the literati class.

With the government's attention, the South Opera has moved from the square to the high hall and feast, and its value is increasing day by day.

Kunqu Opera, referred to as Kunqu Opera for short, is "beautiful and far-reaching, surpassing the three major operas". It started in Kunshan at the end of Yuan Dynasty and is one of the southern operas.

A tribe. According to Ming? Yu Feng (Kunshan) Zhang Guangde's Record (Volume II) records that "there was Gu Jian in the Yuan Dynasty, although he had left.

Sanli Kunshan, living in Qiandun, is good at Nanci and writing ancient Fu. Kukuo Timur listened to his good songs and begged again and again to be unyielding. With yang tiedi

Gu Aying and Ni are friends, and they live in two places. His works include ten volumes of Tao Zhen Ji Ya and eight volumes of Yue Yue Sheng Ren Yue Fu.

Known in the world, he is good at making southern songs, so it was called Kunshan tune at the beginning of the founding of the country. "

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Kunshan dialect was just a kind of Qingqu, which was popular in Wuzhong. This "gentle and graceful"

The change and development of Kunshan dialect was after the middle of Ming Dynasty. In Jiajing (1522- 1566) and Qin Long (1567- 1572).

Wei Liangfu, a native of Zhang Yu (Nanchang), Jiangxi Province, lives in Nanguan, Taicang (under the jurisdiction of Kunshan in Yuan Dynasty).

)。 Wei Liangfu used to be a northern opera singer. After arriving in Wuzhong, he devoted himself to southern music. He thought that some southern songs sang at that time.

Frank and unintentional (simple line cavity or slow rhythm), so based on the original Kunshan cavity, it refers to Haiyan and Yuyao.

The advantages of the cavity, and absorbed some singing methods of the Northern Song Dynasty (it should be "cadence, rope knot, stop, steal blowing, press.

"Tone" and other decorative techniques to polish tunes, as well as singing skills to shape characters' personalities and emotions with different timbres)

And with Zhang Meigu, who is good at blowing holes, Xie Linquan, who is tired of work, and Zhang Xiaoquan, Zhou Mengshan, Ji Jingpo and Dai Mei.

Sichuan and Bao Mandi formed a creative collective with the same views and ideals in art, and greatly transformed Kunshan dialect.

Development. Wei Liangfu is very particular about enunciation, intonation and radio in singing, and he will go to the old Nanguan singer Okura for every gain.

Marble asked for advice and was approved. He was tired of repeated revisions. At the same time, Zhang, a famous northern opera player in Hebei Province, committed a crime.

With Taicang Wei, he took the daughter of a good singer as his son-in-law, and he helped Wei "tune the syllables to make them close to Nanyin." . Parallel reform

Three-string (shape) style, the piano body is slightly thinner, the drum is round, and it is made of civil wood, named Heizi (that is, "Southern String" used in Kunqu Opera and Tanci).

")。 It is used together with Qu Di, Huai Drum and Violin (national stringed instruments), and is a characteristic accompaniment instrument of Kunqu Opera. This new hole

It is characterized by softness and tactfulness. "Call a water mill and play the cold plate." The sound is flat and harmonious, and the words are smooth.

..... Speak softly and listen carefully. "It has become a new voice that blends North and South songs." It's called "Kunqu Opera" and the title of the song is "Teacher".

Song' ". But at this time, Kunqu opera is still a oratorio, which has not yet been able to reflect the script and shape the stage.

Kunqu Opera was put on the stage by oratorio and became a drama, which began with Chen Liang Yu's "Huansha Ji". Kunshan Liang Chenyu (15 19-

No. 159 1) Qiu Chi waishi, a famous opera writer, is proficient in poetry and music. Wei Liangfu's achievements in changing his tone made him

Inspired by this, he often sets up a king bed ... >>

Question 7: Which province is the local opera of Yue Opera?

Is also called

Shaoxing opera

, originated in the late Qing Dynasty.

Zhejiang shengzhou

(that is, the location of the ancient Yue State.

Named after)

, developed from local folk songs, originated in Shanghai and Hangzhou, and is on the rise.

Kunqu opera was attracted by the exhibition.

Drama,

Shao opera and other special operas.

Shaoxing opera

Good at lyricism,

Mainly singing, good voice, real and moving performance, beautiful and elegant, very Jiangnan.

Lingxiu qi; Most of them are dramas with the theme of "gifted scholars and beautiful women", and there are many artistic schools.

The more ... the more. ......

Drama is

One of the five major operas in China and the second largest opera in China.

, at

2006

year

five

moon

20

Japan was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch.

National intangible cultural heritage

Catalogue.

Question 8: Which four major operas in China belong to which province?

Beijing opera, produced in Beijing. Popular in the global Chinese circle;

Yue Opera was born in Zhejiang. Mainly popular in Jiangnan areas such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai;

Pingju originated in Tianjin. Mainly popular in the northeast of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei;

Huangmei Opera, produced in Anhui. Mainly popular in Anhui and Hubei.

Question 9: What local operas with local characteristics are popular in a certain area in China? Such as Shaanxi Opera, Sichuan Opera and Shandong Opera, are opposite to the popular operas in China (such as Beijing Opera). As a manifestation of traditional culture, "local opera" refers to a form of drama that condenses the folk customs of a certain area and is loved by the public in this area. On the one hand, local opera is an important part of China's intangible cultural heritage; On the other hand, local operas are different from other intangible cultural heritages. This is because local opera is a "living" form of traditional cultural expression, which not only inherits certain historical and cultural traditions, but also looks forward to the creative transformation of cultural traditions in expressing the spirit of the times.

[Edit this paragraph] China local opera

China opera has a long history and is a unique drama art in the world. Due to China's vast territory, numerous nationalities and different dialects, besides Peking Opera, various local operas have been formed. According to statistics, there are more than 300 kinds of local operas in China, ranking first in the world. Among them, Pingju Opera, Cantonese Opera, Yue Opera, Henan Opera and Huangmei Opera have great influence.

Pingju: Originated in Tangshan City, Hebei Province, Pingju is a local opera popular in Beijing, Tianjin, North China and Northeast China. It was originally developed on the basis of Hebei folk rap "Lotus Fall", and later absorbed other operas and folk rap music and performance forms, forming the drama commentary in the late Qing Dynasty. Pingju is lively and free, full of life, and good at expressing modern life. The famous actors are Hexin, and the representative plays are Qin Xianglian, the little son-in-law and.

Cantonese Opera: It is the main opera in Guangdong Province, and it is mainly popular in Guangdong, Guangxi and southern Fujian. Overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao living in Southeast Asia, America, Europe and Oceania also like Cantonese opera very much. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many operas spread from China to Guangdong, and their vocal cavity was combined with Guangdong music and folk tunes, gradually forming a new kind of opera-Cantonese opera. Cantonese opera is sung in Cantonese, forming its own unique style. Famous actors include Sinuhong and Ma Shiceng, and representative plays include Search Academy and Guan Hanqing.

Yue Opera: Originated in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, where the ancient Yue State was located, it is the main local opera in Zhejiang Province and is popular in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Anhui and other places. Yue Opera was formed in the late Qing Dynasty. At first, it was all performed by actors, but in the 1930s, it was all performed by actresses. With its euphemistic singing and delicate lyrical performance, Yue Opera has become another major drama after Beijing Opera. Famous actors include Yuan Xuefen, Wang and Xu Yulan, and representative plays include Dream of Red Mansions and Butterfly Lovers.

Henan Opera: It is the main local opera in Henan Province, also known as Henan Bangzi and Henan Gaoti. It has been popular in Henan and surrounding provinces for more than 300 years. The voice of Henan Opera, some loud and lively, some sad and lingering, can perform various styles of plays, with more than 650 traditional plays, and has developed into a drama with national influence. Famous actors include Chang Xiangyu and Niu, and representative plays include Mu Shuai, Matchmaker, Seven-level Sesame Officer, Mulan, Chaoyanggou and so on.

Huangmei Opera: It is one of the local operas in Anhui Province. Formerly called Huangmei tune, it is mainly popular in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei. Huangmei Opera originated from tea-picking songs in Huangmei, Hubei Province. After it was introduced into Anqing, Anhui Province, it absorbed local folk music and developed into this kind of drama. Huangmei Opera is loved by people because of its good singing and dancing, euphemistic singing, simple and beautiful performance and strong flavor of life. Famous actors include Yan Fengying, Wang Shaofang and Ma Lan. Traditional plays include The Fairy Couple, Ma Xu, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, etc.

Shanghai Opera: It is a local opera in Shanghai, belonging to the Tanhuang School in Wuyu District. Shanghai Opera originated from "small folk songs" in order to distinguish it from other beach springs, such as Sutan and Tan Yong, who also sang in Shanghai, which are called local beach springs and Shentan tunes, or "Bentan" for short. 19 14, Shao, Shi Lanting and Ding Shaolan initiated the organization "Zhenxinji" to improve this beach and renamed it "Qushen". 194 1, "Shanghai Shanghai Opera Society" was established, and Qu Shen changed its name to "Shanghai Opera". Excellent plays include Lohan Qian, Deer Dang Fire, The Meeting of a Star, etc.

Lu Opera: It is a local opera in Shandong Province, China. Formerly known as "makeup dulcimer" or "dulcimer play", it evolved from the folk rap art "Shandong dulcimer".

Chizhou Nuo opera

Chizhou Nuo Opera originated from the consciousness of totem worship and mainly spread in Guichi, Shitai and Qingyang counties (districts) which are 0/00km away from Jiuhuashan/Kloc in China. & gt

Question 10: In which part of China is the campus campus campus? Qiu Jiang is one of the legendary works of China in Ming Dynasty. Gao Lian, a famous opera writer and bibliophile in Ming Dynasty, is regarded as one of the top ten traditional comedies in China. The story tells the love and marriage story of Taoist Chen Miaochang and scholar Pan Bizheng. Chen Jiaolian, a young girl, was separated from her family when Jin Bing went south. She became a Taoist in the Nuzhen Temple in Jinling and gained a wonderful dharma name. Pan Bizheng, the nephew of the master, will try to be the last one to come. After the Jurchen Pass, after some twists and turns such as drinking tea, playing the harp and stealing poems, Chen and Pan will combine privately and finally get married. Qiu Jiang, a Sichuan opera, developed independently from Bamboo Turtle, a part of the Kunqu Opera The Jade Hairpin. The Jade Hairpin is a love story between Pan Bizheng, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Chen Miaochang, a young girl. The play was written by Gao Lian during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and was later adapted into various local plays, which not only enriched the vernacular; In terms of lyrics, there have also been great changes, adding more luster to Quyi than Kunqu Opera. For example, the Sichuan opera "Chen Gu drives Pan" has developed into a unique one.

Qiujiang Atlas

The form of drama is the best proof of this development.

The synopsis of the story is as follows: old ni is Pan Bizheng's aunt. In Pan's view, when sending students to school, he often falls in love with a nun. When his aunt found out, she forced Pan to go to the science room. Pan was forced to go to Lin 'an before saying goodbye to Miao Chang. Miao Chang hurried to the river after knowing it and set sail to catch up. Qiu Jiang is a scene in which Miao Chang drives a boat to catch Pan. In this game, only Miao Chang plays with a winner. Weng Zhong is a humorous and satisfying old man. Seeing that Miao was often impatient to chase Pan, he gave him a little hindrance and made a little joke. But fortunately, his boat is fast, and he is sure to catch up. The description of this passage in Gao Lian's Jade Hairpin is very simple.