What are the advantages and disadvantages of the mode of transportation?

1. Railway Transportation

Advantages: large transportation capacity; low transportation cost; little restricted by natural conditions, strong continuity; high accuracy of transportation time; balanced transportation, safe and reliable; low energy consumption, low pollution.

Disadvantages: large initial construction investment; higher wear and tear; occupying more land. Railroad transportation is suitable for transporting general and special cargoes in inland areas with high requirements of long distance, large volume, time and reliability.

2. Road transport

Advantages: flexible, adaptable; short-distance transport speed; by the terrain and climate conditions are less restrictive. Road transportation is suitable for short-distance passenger and freight transport, but also can be combined with other modes of transportation, intermodal transport.

Disadvantages: small transportation capacity; high energy consumption, air pollution; high transportation costs; occupying a lot of land; poor security.

3. Water transportation

Advantages: large transportation capacity; infrastructure investment is small, occupies less land; less energy consumption, less pollution. Transportation costs are low. Suitable for the transportation of long distances, large volumes, time is not strong, freight affordability is not strong transportation.

Disadvantages: slow transportation speed; affected by natural conditions, poor continuity.

4. Air transport

Advantages: fast transport speed; good mobility. Suitable for long-distance passenger transportation and small volume, high value of materials and fresh products and mail and other cargo transportation.

Disadvantages: high cost of aircraft, energy consumption; small transportation capacity, high cost, complex technology.

5. Pipeline Transportation

Advantages: large transportation volume; small amount of transportation works, occupying less land; energy consumption; safe, reliable, pollution-free, low cost; not affected by climate, can be transported around the clock, high reliability of the goods delivered; pipeline can be shortcuts, short transportation distances; can be realized in a closed, continuous transportation, less energy consumption. Pipeline transportation is suitable for transporting oil, gas and other materials over a collision distance.

Disadvantages: specialization, can only transport oil, natural gas and solid slurry (such as coal, etc.); pipeline starting capacity and the maximum transport capacity of the range between the small; route is generally fixed, the pipeline facilities of the one-time investment is also larger.

Expanded Information:

Transportation modes are used in the transportation industry due to the use of different means of transportation, Equipment lines, through different organization and management of the formation of the transport form. Before the use of power machinery, the mode of transportation to manpower, animal power, wind power, water pick, pack, pull, push the main. After the use of power machinery, only to modernize the mode of transport, the emergence of railroad transport, road transport, waterway transport, air transport and pipeline transport-based modern transport.

Modern transportation and cableway transportation, conveyor belt transportation. With the progress of science and technology, there will be new modes of transportation. Transportation is the material basis for the virtuous cycle of the national economy, and the rational development of various modes of transportation is the key to the rapid development of the national economy. The state develops various modes of transportation in a planned and purposeful manner in an integrated manner according to the technical and economic characteristics, the resource situation, the geographical characteristics, the production level and the overall planning of the national economy as well as the regional planning.

In various modes of transport, how to choose the appropriate mode of transport is an important issue of logistics rationalization. Generally speaking, it should be decided from the level of service required by the logistics system and the permissible logistics costs. One mode of transportation can be used or intermodal transportation can be used.

Deciding on the mode of transportation can be based on the consideration of specific conditions, the following five specific items carefully studied and considered:

(1) the variety of goods

On the varieties of goods and the nature and shape of the goods should be described in the packaging project, the choice of suitable for the characteristics of the goods and the shape of these modes of transport, the goods on the affordability of the freight charges to be carefully considered.

(2) the duration of transportation

The duration of transportation must be linked to the date of delivery, and the time limit for transportation should be guaranteed. Various means of transportation must be investigated for the transportation time required, according to the transportation time to choose the means of transportation.

The order of the speed of the transportation time is generally in the order of air transportation, automobile transportation, railroad transportation, ship transportation. Each means of transportation can be arranged in accordance with its speed grouping to schedule, plus its two ends and transit operation time, you can calculate the required transportation time. In the flow of goods, to study the current situation of these modes of transportation, planned transportation, and hope that there is an accurate delivery date is the basic requirement.

(3) Transportation costs

The cost of transportation varies according to the type, weight, volume and distance of the goods. Moreover, transportation costs change depending on the means of transportation. In considering the cost of transportation, it must be noted that freight and other logistics subsystems have a mutually beneficial relationship, can not only consider the cost of transportation to determine the mode of transportation, to be determined by the full assembly of the original decision.

(4) transport distance

From the transport distance, in general, the following principles can be followed: 300 kilometers or less, by car; 300 to 500 kilometers of the interval, by rail; 500 kilometers or more, by ship. Generally take this choice is more economical and reasonable.

(5) transport batch

The impact of transport batch, because of the low cost of high-volume transportation, should be as much as possible to make the goods concentrated to the final consumer near the choice of suitable means of transport is a good strategy to reduce costs. Generally speaking, 15 to 20 tons of commodities below the car transport; 15 to 20 tons of commodities above the railroad transport; hundreds of tons of raw materials and other commodities, should choose the ship transport.

Reference:

Baidu Encyclopedia--Mode of Transportation