Does China really need Japanese "artisan spirit"?

In March this year, "artisan spirit" appeared in the government work report and became a hot topic of public opinion. Many people in China regard "artisan spirit" as a kind of professionalism, "a serious spirit and professionalism. Its core is: not only regard work as a tool to earn money and support the family, but also establish a reverence for the profession, persistence in work and a responsible attitude towards products, pay great attention to details, constantly pursue perfection and perfection, and give customers an impeccable experience. Integrate meticulous and refined craftsmanship into every link to make first-class products that touch people's hearts. " In fact, not only that, "artisan spirit" is a life attitude and personality quality.

Not proud of showing off wealth "is the cultural soil for the formation of Japanese" artisan spirit "

When it comes to "artisan spirit", it is easy to think of "Made in Japan". Many small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan have excellent "craftsmen". There is a screw factory with only five or six people, but it can make screws as big as spaceships and as small as microscopes. Although the factory is small, it is world-famous. There is also a record and needle factory, although many manufacturers have long since withdrawn, but it has been maintained to this day. Now, orders from all over the world come to this company, and the production is overloaded. The boss said: "I like this industry. Even when the industry is at a low ebb, I will never give up as long as I can eat." Small and medium-sized enterprises like Japan are found in all walks of life.

2 1 century, "artisan spirit" not only evolved into the quality management of mass production and hospitality of service industry, but also reflected in the behavior of many ordinary Japanese. The mother of a Japanese friend of mine is 95 years old. She used to be a professional housewife and liked to make handicrafts. Now she still insists on doing it for an hour or two every day. The vegetables made by the 95-year-old man with various materials are vivid and vivid, and the small animals made are lifelike. The old man said that as long as she can move, she will continue to use handicrafts to make botanical gardens and zoos. When I was in Tsukuba University, there was a cake shop with delicious snacks. Many people come from far away in the early morning to queue up and limit production every day. If they come late, they can't buy it. When I returned to Tsukuba two years ago, I went to that store again. After more than 20 years, it's still the same, but the snacks are better and the taste is really amazing. Such small cake shops, Lamian Noodles shops, sushi shops, bakeries and barbershops can be seen everywhere.

Japanese tourists visiting China increased from 450,000 in 2065,438+065,438+0 to 4.99 million in 2065,438+05. Everyone has experienced the comfort and warmth brought by the "artisan spirit" to social life and the great benefits brought to the economy. Many people can't help but ask, under such an environment of manufacturing industrialization and economic globalization, why can the "artisan spirit" continue in Japan today? In fact, this is also a sociological problem that I have been thinking about for a long time. Why does the same technology have different social effects in different cultural soils? Japan's "artisan spirit" has evolved into the quality of the Japanese after hundreds of years and generations of inheritance.

"Not proud of showing off wealth" is the cultural soil for the formation of "artisan spirit". When I first came to Japan, I went to the paradise of Mito. My Japanese friend told me that this is one of the three famous gardens in Japan, which was built by Zhao Qi 1833, the ninth generation vassal of Mito. My first feeling at that time was that the house was too simple and the garden was not as good as the back garden of the rich people in China. Let's take a look at the so-called mansion in Luwu City, where the Japanese rich now live. Compared with the luxury houses in the United States and China, it is simply a humble abode. Due to the cultural soil of "not proud of showing off wealth" in Japanese history, after the development of handicraft industry in Edo era, craftsmen's "proud of Excellence" became the values of modern Japan.

The values of "honor and disgrace, dignity and credibility" are the cultural soil for the inheritance of "artisan spirit". Although Japan went astray politically in modern times and had been educated to be loyal to the monarch, it never touched the national values such as "honor and disgrace, dignity and reputation". The "workers" in the class of "intellectuals, peasants, workers and businessmen" in the Edo era, that is, craftsmen regarded their products as the expression of their own personality and credibility. They don't discuss honor or disgrace with utility or wealth. Their persistence in work and challenges to difficulties have gradually evolved into the value orientation advocated by ordinary people. Today, there are still many young people who pursue the ultimate and challenge themselves. The most representative is all kinds of "control". The Japanese name is マニ, and the English name is Manie. You will be surprised at the depth and breadth of their mastery of what they love. There used to be a TV program in which professionals competed with controllers, and the controllers won. What impressed me most was the "control" of a 20-year-old Tokyo driver. Not only do you know hundreds of routes, stops, bus arrival time, bus model, production year, and even the factory date when the button stops when you get off in Tokyo, you can also know exactly which bus is repaired by which manufacturer.

Long-term and stable political system, self-discipline spirit and social environment of living and working in peace and contentment contribute to the inheritance of "artisan spirit". The dual politics of the emperor and the shogunate in the Edo era eradicated the chaos caused by the post-war regime change.

After the economic prosperity, the pursuit of life value is the popular basis for the inheritance of "artisan spirit" in modern society. Before the war, most people in Japan could not solve the problem of food and clothing. They wanted to pursue the ultimate as "artisans", but their spare capacity was insufficient. After the economic prosperity in the 1960s, I began to pursue the ultimate in my ordinary daily life and work, and enjoyed success and happiness in the process of self-challenge. Many people in Japan like bakers, nurses, beauticians, animation design and so on. Growing up. They don't take the university exam, but directly apply for vocational secondary schools or junior colleges of these majors. Parents don't force them to try their best to squeeze the wooden bridge of the college entrance examination. Most Japanese believe that if you work only to make money, it is a kind of patience and pain. Do what you like and can do, not only do well, but also earn money and enjoy life.

No matter how good the cultural soil is, it will also encounter various internal and external injuries. The important factors to protect the inheritance of "artisan spirit" are fair evaluation mechanism and legal supervision. The evaluation of various industries in Japan is not subject to administrative intervention, and the evaluation of consumers is absolutely objective. "Short, flat and fast" and "changing a position with one shot" are tantamount to admitting that they are not competitive. In this way, the evaluation mechanism of keeping good weeds is formed. Enterprises and businesses regard reputation as the wealth and legacy left by the previous generation, and will not easily destroy their brands unless they have to. There are also many people in Japan who practise fraud and gain fame and fortune, but once they are exposed, they will not only bear the responsibility of criminal law, but also claim compensation in civil litigation, and social condemnation will make it difficult for him to turn over.

Japan has no outstanding students from primary school to university, and there is no advanced and exemplary workplace. The focus of TV movies is not all successful people, but many are ordinary little people. Not only that, everyone has a familiar figure of being serious, working hard and pursuing the ultimate. The "artisan spirit" is highly respected and influenced each other, forming the quality soft power of the Japanese.

In any society, "artisan spirit" can not be formed in a short time, and it needs the cultural precipitation of several generations and the effective mechanism of social system. As long as politics can give individuals and enterprises fair competition market space; Law can play an effective mechanism of "promoting good and punishing evil"; People can have values that are proud of hard work and dedication and ashamed of laziness and luxury; If the society can have a long-term and stable environment and live and work in peace and contentment, China's "artisans" can regain their due respect, and the "artisan spirit" may be reflected in product quality and service quality.