Basic knowledge of couplets

Basic knowledge of couplets

Couplets, elegantly known as ? Couplet? It is commonly known as "couplet". It is a unique art form of Chinese language with simple words and deep meanings, neat and tidy battles, and harmonious levels and oblique tones. It can be said that the art of couplets is the cultural treasure of the Chinese nation. Below, I have organized the basic knowledge of couplets, welcome to read.

The types of couplets are approximately divided into spring couplets, happy couplets, longevity couplets, elegiac couplets, decorative couplets, industry couplets, communicative couplets, and miscellaneous couplets (including harmonic couplets ....). And so on. Couplets vary in length, short only one or two words; long up to several hundred words. Couplets in various forms, there are positive, negative, running water, ball pairs, set sentence pairs, and so on.

But no matter what kind of couplets, using what form, but must have the following characteristics:

First, the number of words is equal, the same sentence. For example, the Guangdong volume of the sentence is? The first is that the first time I saw a woman in the world, I was in the middle of the night, I was in the middle of the night, I was in the middle of the night. The first is that the first is the first to be a good one, and the second is the first to be a good one. The moon season peony gold laurel, is not the sea of oddballs? or? Ginseng, sable and antler, are not the treasures of the Northeast. But if the pair? Tang poetry, Song lyrics and Yuan music, is it not the culture of the motherland? It makes people feel awkward and hard. The couplets we have learned are all closely related in content, such as ? The stars hang over the plains, the moon gushes over the river? The Desert is straight, and the sun sets on the Long River? The five drums and horns sound mournful, the three gorges and the starry river are shaken by the shadows? The sea, tolerance is great; wall is a thousand refuges, no desire is just? And so on.

Second, the level and oblique, tonal harmony. Traditional habits are? The traditional custom is that the last word of the last line is the same as the last word of the last line. The mountain of books\ has a road\ diligent\ for the path, the sea of learning\ no end\ bitter\ for the boat?

? Path? Read the oblique tone, ? boat? The bright moon \ between the pines \ shine, clear spring \ stone \ flow? The moon is shining between the pines, and the spring is flowing over the rocks. Shining? Read the oblique tone,? flow? The moon is shining through the pines, the spring is flowing over the rocks. The rhythm of the couplet accordingly, the level of harmony, read only catchy, full of rhyme beauty.

Third, the relative nature of words, the same position. Generally known as ? The first is that the word is not a word, but a word is not a word. , that is, noun to noun, verb to verb, adjective to adjective, quantity word to quantity word, adverb to adverb, and the relative words must be in the same position. For example, ? The sword is sharpened, the plum blossom smells of bitter cold? The precious sword? and ? plum blossom? are nouns. The sharpness of the sword is a noun, and the sharpness of the plum blossom is a noun. And? Fragrance. are adjectives. "Since"? And? From? is a preposition. Sharpened? And? Cold? is a noun. Out? And? Come? is a verb.

Fourth, the content is related, the upper and lower connection. The meaning of the upper and lower couplets must be connected to each other, but not overlapping. With the couplet closely related to the crossword, can be said to be the title of the couplet, but also the center of the couplet. Good cross-checks in the couplet can play a dragon eye, complement each other's role.

Do the question method guide

1, the content of the couplets are related, in the answer to the couplet question, you can rely on the association, the use of related, similar, opposite association. First of all, a sentence is split into several phrases, using the method of association, to each word separately for the pair, and then these pairs of words linked into a sentence. For example, in 2004, the national paper of the college entrance examination question came out with the above couplet? Sweep away the old habits of a thousand years? can be split into? Sweep - thousand years? Old Habits which is the same as "扫". Sweep? Related words are? remove, revolutionize, go, change, break, tree, set up, multiply, develop, etc. etc. Words related to Millennium Words related to "millennium" are? Ten thousand years, one hundred years, three autumns, four times, one generation, several generations? etc. Words related to old habits The words related to old habits are? Bad customs, crooked wind, bad customs, new wind? etc. Selecting words from these words and linking them together to form a sentence can become? Remove a hundred years of bad customs? To establish a new wind in a generation. This kind of split method is more practical for students who are practicing to write couplets for the first time.

2, a couplet is like a condensed poem, but also pay attention to the intention. Or writing scenery or speech or emotional, or deep thought of history, or analyze the reality, what to praise, criticize what have to have a clear feelings, the content of the idea to be positive. To do this, we must pay attention to the selection of imagery in line with the requirements of this intention.

3, students should be more accumulated in general, a lot of quotations and aphorisms are neat couplets, such as? Loving mother in the hands of the line, the wandering son on the clothes? Sunrise river flowers red hot, spring river water green as blue? The falling sun and the lonely ducks fly together, the autumn water **** long sky a color? Two yellow orioles singing in the green willow, a line of egrets in the blue sky? The water is clear and shallow, and the dark fragrance floats in the dusk of the moon? The cross-eyed cold to a thousand fingers, stooped down willing to be a child's ox?

4, to be good at the use. The so-called use, refers to the flexible use of astronomy, geography, seasonal knowledge, as well as familiar words, poems and famous lines, idioms and allusions to the proposed couplets. For example, Pu Songling wrote a self-exhortation couplet? Where there is a will there is a way, break the kettle and sink the boat, a hundred and two Qin passes belong to the end of the Chu; bitter people God will not be disappointed, lying down on firewood and taste the guts, three thousand Yuejia can be swallowed by the Wu? The first is a clever way to put the? Where there's a will there's a way? The kettle is broken? Heaven will not disappoint the painstaking? "Lying down on firewood and tasting gall bladder". and other idioms and allusions into one line. Another example is? Xunzi counseling, erudition is more than blue? The same can be done with the words "the kitchen is a place where you can learn from the bull. Butchering the ox, long practice and skills into the road? to the right, which is integrated into the? Green from blue? Butchering the ox? The idiomatic allusion.

Understanding the Propositional Form of Couplets

A. Write a complete pair of couplets according to the `contextual requirements provided.

B. Write the next couplet according to the given first couplet. This type of question test is the most common, and the 2004 Gao Kao couplet questions were all of this type. Specifically, there are the following kinds:

1, fill in the blanks. This form of couplets and textbook content, literary knowledge combined with the examination. Such as: ① translation has not yet become a book, surprised to hear that the perish, China, who led the cry; Mr. has been ancient, remembering the old rain, the literary world has been feeling at a loss. ② Yueyang Tower on Fan Zhongyan essay sent feelings, Drunken Master Pavilion Ouyang Xiu with the people.

2, complementary style. This form can be two cases, one is a reference to a link, complementing another link, the 2004 college entrance examination paper on the couplet test questions using this form of proposition. The second is based on the words provided in the title of the proposed couplet. For example, please take ? Dignity? and? arrogance? respectively, as the beginning of the first and second couplet to propose a couplet, not more than 30 words. (Couplet: dignity casting personality so that life is noble, arrogance corrosion of character so that the soul depreciation)

3, adjusted. This type of question can combine the relevant knowledge of the couplet and language expression coherent, correct use of rhetorical methods and other test points. For example: Tengwangge in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, there is a pair of couplets, the sentence order and structure of the next couplet has been disrupted, please make appropriate adjustments according to the given couplet. The first couplet: the rise and fall is always related to the feelings, see the falling sun, autumn water long days, fortunately this place lake and mountains are not hurt; the content of the second couplet (has been disrupted): the pavilion in the emperor, asked the river talent, ancient and modern only a moment, the year how the scenery is better than. The next line is adjusted to: ancient and modern only a moment, ask the river talent, the pavilion in the emperor son, than how the scenery of the year.

4, situational. This type of question gives candidates a specific situation, combined with ? The first is to make a statement about the situation of the people. This test requires the writing of couplets. Candidates to write couplets not only to meet the requirements of the writing of couplets, but also in line with the proposers to provide a specific context. Such as: Teacher's Day is here, bathed in deep teacher's grace you must have a lot to say to the teacher, please write a couplet, sing the most beautiful hymn to the teacher in your heart. (Reference answer: the pulse of deep love like spring sunshine breeding peaches and plums, Geng Danxin such as candlelight shine spring and autumn)

5, topic type. This type of question only provides candidates with a topic, and other aspects are not restricted, which provides a free and broad stage for candidates to show their talents, everyone can show personality, show talent, see the spirit. For example, from? Dedication? Aspiration? perseverance? and other words to choose one as a topic, write a self-exhortation couplet. (Reference Answer: Dedication? Candles drip tears with smiles, chalk lifts snow to fragrance. Aspiration? The sea of learning is ambitious to cross a thousand miles, the mountain of books is ambitious to climb ten thousand feet. Persistence? Rope saws do not rest on the end of the wood is broken, water droplets can not stop stone can wear.)

6, rewrite type. This type of question is generally in a paragraph of text to delineate two sentences of opposite significance, requiring rewriting according to the knowledge of couplets and language concise, coherent and sentence selection, imitation, transformation and other knowledge. For example, rewrite the underlined part of the following sentence into a couplet for ? The scroll? modifier: After hundreds of days and nights of struggle, the Yangtze River cut-off project was finally completed successfully, and the Chinese people unfolded a magical scroll that cut off 5,000 miles of the Yangtze River and locked the countless peaks of the Three Gorges on the side of the unruly Yangtze River. (The underlined part can be changed to: cut off the Yangtze River thousands of miles of water, lock the Three Gorges countless peaks.)

7, generalized. This form is a combination of the proposed couplets and compression of the passage of the test. Do this couplet questions, first of all, the main information in the passage required to filter out and summarize, and then use the couplet form to organize. Examples are summarized below.

The answer to the question of couplets has a strong openness, autonomy, but in addition to the neatness of the battle, there are two things to pay attention to: First, we must consider the relevance of the couplets; the second is the proposed couplets on the content of the idea to have a certain style.

Exercise

1. Please make up a couplet for the library. (Zhejiang Volume)

The first couplet: Learning hides the present and the past The second couplet:

2. The following are all the first couplets of the Spring Festival Couplet, please choose one of them to make the second couplet. (National Volume, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui and other regions)

The first question Sweep away a thousand years of old habits, . The motherland is good, .

The second question is: "As winter turns to spring, a thousand willows welcome the wind.

3. The following are the first lines of the Spring Festival couplets. (National Volume, Jilin, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Shanghai and other regions)

The first question is that the spring sunshine fills the earth, . Science can make you rich, .

The second question is that the country is prospering, the family is prospering, and the country is prospering.

4. Please fill in the next couplet with the same number of words as the first couplet and a similar structure. (Level and oblique regardless) (Fujian Volume)

The first line: patriotism and honesty are fundamental to being a human being The second line:

5. The following is the first line of a couplet, please write the second line. (Guangdong Volume)

Litchi longan papaya, all are Lingnan fruits

6. The following two questions are the upper couplet of a spring couplet, choose one of them to make the lower couplet. (National volume, Guangxi, Hainan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other regions)

The first question ① firecrackers sound crisp ② full of spring color

The second question

firecrackers sound the old customs and habits with the old year away

7. (National Volume, Gansu, Qinghai and other regions)

The first question ① everywhere spring ② a generation of gardeners happy

The second question East wind sends warmth to the north and south of the Yangtze River in spring

8, 05 Fujian, according to the following pair of couplets of couplets of the first couplet, to the second couplet, well to formulate the appropriate cross-checks. (4 points)

Upper couplet: the children of China, both literary and military to build greatness

9.2008 college entrance exams in Chongqing, according to media reports, May 8, 2008 at 9:18 pm, the Olympic Olympic torch successfully climbed to the top of Mount Everest. In the process of summiting, a white cloud always stays over Mount Everest. Soon after the torch was lit, a rainbow appeared over Everest. Please take this as the content, develop your imagination and use the rhetorical device of anthropomorphism to make a couplet. (4 marks)

10.09 Anhui Volume Form the following phrases into two seven-word couplets and fill in the corresponding horizontal lines. (4 marks)

Cherry blossoms round the steps Yellow ploughs the land Green willows welcome spring Peach and plums fill the eyes

Thousands of miles of green Spring embroidered brocade Seat condenses incense Ten thousand mountains of gold

Chinese New Year couplets:

Teachers' office couplets:

Answers

1. The question paper is not provided. The answer is not provided in the question paper. The author tries to formulate: talent through the Chinese and Western thought through the Chinese and Western wisdom set East and West.

2. The first question example: ① a new generation of wind ② new weather on the earth. The second question example: the people peace and prosperity of the country, the river and mountains in the sun red. The author also proposed: the first question ① tree century new wind ② the new people of God's land, food and clothing. The second question of ice and snow melt ten thousand plum blossoms fragrant grass grows and warblers fly a branch of apricot blossoms with rain red.

3. The first example: ① righteousness full of Qiankun ② hard work can prosper. The second question example: the old peace and security of the young peace and security of the old and young peace. The author also proposed: the first question ① summer rainbow in the sky snow full of Qiankun full of joy full of God ② honesty can be wealth. The second question out of the peace into the peace in and out of the peace people have the blessing of the people have the blessing of the people have the blessing of the people.

4. Example: truthfulness and modesty as a prerequisite for governance.

5. For example: the moon peony and gold laurel are not the wonders of the sea. The author also proposed: antlers and sable ginseng are the famous products of Northeast China, and Yanshan, Changbai and Kunlun are all the famous mountains in North China.

6. The first example: ① motherland day by day new ② the face of the new state. The second question example: the spring breeze of new ideas and new weather with the arrival of the New Year. The author also proposed: the first question ① new spring everywhere ② new weather in Kyushu. The second question of the spring thunder rolled new atmosphere and new style with the arrival of the New Year.

7. The first question example: ① family weather ② nine state peach and plum glory. The second question example: dew moisturizing the Great Wall inside and outside the new weather. The author also proposed: the first question ① years of new scenery ② peach and plum everywhere. The second question of the Great Wall inside and outside the spring rain moisturizing the fragrance of flowers.

8. Answers to the next couplet: the children of the Yellow Emperor, virtue and talent to show ambition, crossword: the revitalization of China

9. Answers to the Mount Everest, white clouds with love to welcome the Holy Fire auspicious; the blue sky rainbow have the heart to wish the success of the Olympic Games.

An analysis of the compression of the passage and the language of distinct, vivid, rhetorical. Among them, the language of ? Accurate, distinct, vivid? is a new addition to the test this year to converge with the new curriculum standards. Couplets are the essence of China's traditional culture, secondary school students are required to do the first two requirements of the couplet can be (is a wide pair): the number of words is equal, the meaning of the relevant, level and oblique harmony.

10. Answers

Chinese New Year Couplet:

The first couplet: "The willow welcomes the spring" and the second couplet: "The yellow ox plows the land with ten thousand mountains"

Teachers' Office Couplet:

The first couplet: "Peach and plum are full of spring embroidered with brocade", and the second couplet: "Chilan is around the steps of the seat, and the incense is condensed".

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