What are the necessary items and tools in the car?

Automobile maintenance tools are essential material conditions for automobile maintenance, and their function is to complete various operations that are inconvenient for automobile maintenance machinery. In the repair work, whether the tools are used correctly is of great significance to improve the work efficiency and the quality of automobile repair. Therefore, repairmen must be familiar with the maintenance knowledge of common tools and tools for automobile maintenance.

I. Common tools

Common tools include hammers, screwdrivers, pliers, wrenches, etc.

(1) hand hammer

A hand hammer consists of a hammer head and a handle. Hammer weight is 0.25 kg, 0.5 kg, 0.75 kg, 1 kg, etc. The hammer has a round head and a square head. The handle is hard miscellaneous wood, generally 320~350 mm long.

(2) screwdriver

A screwdriver (also known as a screwdriver) is a tool used to tighten or loosen slotted screws.

Screwdriver can be divided into wooden handle screwdriver, piercing screwdriver, clamping screwdriver, cross screwdriver and eccentric screwdriver.

Specifications (screwdriver length): 50mm, 65mm, 75mm,100mm,125mm,150mm, 200mm, 250mm, 300mm and 350mm.

When using a screwdriver, it is required that the cutting edge end of the screwdriver should be flush and consistent with the width of the screw groove, and there should be no oil stain on the screwdriver. Let the opening completely match the screw groove, and after the center line of the screwdriver is concentric with the center line of the screw, turn the screwdriver to tighten or loosen the screw.

(3) pliers

There are many kinds of pliers, such as lithium fish pliers and needle-nosed pliers, which are commonly used in automobile maintenance.

1, carp pliers: hold flat or cylindrical parts, and those with cutting edges can cut metal.

When in use, clean the grease on the pliers to avoid slipping at work. After the parts are firmly clamped, they are bent or twisted; When clamping large parts, enlarge the jaws. Do not turn bolts or nuts with pliers.

2. Needle-nosed pliers: parts used to clamp narrow places.

(4) wrench

Used for folding angular bolts and nuts. Open-ended wrenches, ring wrenches, socket wrenches, adjustable wrench, torque wrenches, pipe wrenches and special wrenches are commonly used in automobile repair.

1, open-ended wrench: there are 6 pieces and 8 pieces in the range of opening width of 6~24 mm, which is suitable for folding bolts and nuts of general standard specifications.

2. Torx wrench: suitable for folding bolts or nuts within the range of 5 ~ 27 mm.. Each set of ring wrenches has 6 pieces and 8 pieces.

The two ends of the ring wrench are like sleeves, with an angle of 12, which can cover the head of the bolt or nut to prevent it from slipping during work. Some bolts and nuts are restricted by surrounding conditions, especially ring wrenches.

3. Socket wrenches: each set 13, 17, 24. It is suitable for folding some bolts and nuts that ordinary wrenches can't work due to limited positions. When folding bolts or nuts, you can choose different sleeves and handles as needed.

4. adjustable wrench: The opening of this wrench can be adjusted freely, and it is suitable for irregular bolts or nuts.

When in use, the jaw should be adjusted to the same width as the opposite side of the bolt or nut, and should be attached tightly, so that the movable jaw of the wrench can bear thrust and the fixed jaw can bear tension.

The wrench length is 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 375 mm, 450 mm and 600 mm.

5. Torque wrench: used to cooperate with the sleeve to tighten bolts or nuts. Torque wrench is essential in automobile repair, such as the fastening of cylinder head bolts and crankshaft bearing bolts. The torque of the torque wrench for automobile maintenance is 288 1 Newton meters.

6. Special wrench: or ratchet wrench, which should be used together with socket wrench. Generally used to tighten or remove bolts or nuts in narrow places. It can disassemble or assemble bolts or nuts without changing the angle of the wrench.

Second, the special tools

Special tools commonly used in automobile repair include spark plug sleeve, piston ring pliers, valve spring pliers, grease gun, jack and so on.

(1) spark plug sleeve

Spark plug sleeve is used to assemble and disassemble engine spark plug. The inner hexagon socket of the sleeve is used for folding 14 mm and 18 mm spark plugs, with a relative size of 22 ~ 26mm；; The inner hexagon of the sleeve is 17mm on the opposite side, which is used to fold the spark plug of 10mm.

(2) Piston ring pliers

Piston ring pliers are used for loading and unloading engine piston rings to avoid piston rings from being broken due to uneven stress.

When in use, clamp the piston ring at the opening of the piston ring, gently hold the handle, slowly shrink the piston ring, and slowly open the piston ring, and install the piston ring into or take it out of the piston ring groove.

(3) Valve spring pliers

Valve spring release pliers are used to load and unload valve springs. When in use, retract the jaw to the minimum position, insert it under the valve spring retainer, and then turn the handle. Press the left palm forward hard to make the lower jaw close to the spring seat. After assembling and disassembling the valve key (pin), rotate the valve spring assembling and disassembling handle in the opposite direction and take out the assembling and disassembling pliers.

(4). Thousands of grease guns

Grease gun is used to add grease to each lubricating point, and consists of nozzle, oil pressure valve, plunger, oil inlet hole, rod head, lever, spring and piston rod.

When using the grease gun, divide the grease into groups and put them into the oil storage barrel to exclude air. After decoration, tighten the end cover and use it. When adding grease to the nozzle, the nozzle should be straight and not skewed. If there is no oil supply, stop oil supply and check whether the nozzle is blocked.