Introduction and function of three-dimensional thinking training method

Mind mapping is also called mind mapping, and three-dimensional thinking refers to systematically thinking about things from various angles, aspects, factors and variables through various thinking activities. The following is the three-dimensional thinking training method I introduce to you, and you are welcome to refer to and learn.

In a room, 10 candles have been lit. When the wind blew, two of them were blown out. Before long, another one was blown out by the wind. In order to keep out the wind, the hostess closed the window and never blew out the candles after that. Excuse me, how many candles are left in the end?

Three-dimensional thinking principle Three-dimensional thinking skill refers to the systematic thinking of things from various angles, aspects, factors and variables through various thinking activities. It includes the following requirements:

First, thinking can look at the world from different aspects, different angles, different logical starting points and different thinking procedures, rather than sticking to a certain aspect or angle.

The second is to require the coexistence and connection of various thinking activities, that is, to reveal the multi-level connection of things through various thinking forms.

Third, various forms of thinking are transformed into each other according to certain conditions, and there is no absolute boundary between them.

Let's briefly introduce the specific skills of two three-dimensional thinking methods:

Three-dimensional thinking method training 1: vertical and horizontal thinking method, vertical and horizontal thinking method means that before we think about the problem, we design a framework composed of vertical and horizontal principal axes in advance, establish two groups of attention areas, and use them to examine specific situations; Conversely, every attention area is full of situations. Its overall effect is to prevent confusion in thinking and ensure that every aspect of thinking is taken seriously.

That is, on the vertical axis and the horizontal axis, the corresponding thinking frame is designed.

Each box focuses on a specific task and directs attention to one field after another. When paying attention to an area, we only need to examine the specific scene or content of the area, such as the box 1 on the horizontal axis, and we only need to consider it? Purpose? This content, instead of paying attention to the content in other boxes. Box 2 on the horizontal axis needs our attention? Answer? The choice of means and ways to achieve the goal. Several boxes on the vertical axis are also instruments. Help us think deeply about the content on the horizontal axis. By thinking about several stages of the longitudinal box, we can think about the transverse box separately.

This kind of thinking skill can help us stay in a specific area (box) when thinking about problems, and can ensure the smooth progress of a specific thinking; You can also think about the problem in an all-round and multi-level way through careful thinking in vertical and horizontal axes, so as to get satisfactory results.

When Darwin studied the relationship between biology and environment, he first established two groups of fields that should be paid attention to, then looked at the specific situation, compared the characteristics of biology and environment, and finally concluded the causal relationship between the morphological structure of biology and its living conditions. He observed:

First of all, different kinds of creatures live in the same environment and usually have similar shapes and structures.

Sharks belong to fish, ichthyosaurs belong to reptiles and dolphins belong to mammals. They are very different animals. However, due to living in water for a long time and the same environment, they are similar in appearance and spindle-shaped, with pectoral fins, dorsal fins and caudal fins.

Second, similar creatures often present different shapes and structures in different living environments.

Mice, wolves, whales and bats all belong to mammals, but due to different living environments, moles are suitable for underground life, wolves are suitable for running, whales are suitable for swimming and bats are suitable for flying. So he came to the conclusion that the same and different living environments are the reasons for the same and different animal forms.

Three-dimensional thinking method training 2: enumeration method is also a method that helps to broaden ideas and expand problems. It enumerates and analyzes things from all aspects to find a better solution. Including characteristics, shortcomings, hopes and synthesis. Mainly for the characteristics of things, existing problems, gaps, advantages, people's needs and aspirations. , to list one by one, constantly overcome the shortcomings, innovation and perfection.

1. Feature enumeration

Professor Guillaume of the United States believes that the so-called creation is to grasp the characteristics of the research object and replace it with other objects. ? We can simply list the characteristics of things and turn our attention to every characteristic of things. For example, if we observe the common features of screwdrivers, we can list the following elements:

① round axis;

2 steel;

(3) the wooden handle is riveted with the round shaft;

(4) the end of the inclined plane is fitted in the notch;

⑤ Manual rotation;

⑥ Wrist provides rotating force.

In order to design a better screwdriver, we can determine each characteristic of it separately and consider the improvement measures. For example, the circular shaft can be changed into a hexagonal shaft to increase the rotating force; We can also use insulating materials such as plastic instead of wooden handles, and we can try to operate them by electricity. If the pen tip can be replaced, it can also become multi-purpose. We can make various changes to every feature involved.

Have good wishes? There are indeed many people who are trying to turn people's wishes into reality. In order to realize people's desire to fly into the blue sky, people invented airplanes and the space shuttle in modern times.

In order to improve the performance of fountain pens, we can first list all kinds of hopes for fountain pens from various aspects:

Water can often come out.

Never cut paper without dropping ink.

More than two colors can be used.

Everything is smooth and smooth.

You can write in bold or thin characters at will.

It gets smaller when you put it in your pocket.

The nib will never wear.

You don't have to wear a pen cap.

You don't need ink.

The nib will not break or bend when it falls.

The thickness of the pen can be adjusted.

Can tell time and write in the dark.

I hope there are several colors.

After listing a lot of hope points like this, select the useful ones and then seek ways to improve them. For example, make the pen into a transparent two-color pen with calendar, a pen with electronic watch and flashlight, a pen with radio function, a pen with adjustable nib thickness and so on.

2. List of shortcomings

Defect enumeration is an extremely important and widely used scheme design technology. Dissatisfaction with a certain point of view of something is often the forerunner of invention. As long as the shortcomings listed are overcome, there will be inventions and innovations. Through the training of enumerating shortcomings, we can gradually establish the desire for innovation and even directly lead to invention and creation.

For example, list the shortcomings of glasses as much as possible.

Fragile and slippery; After boiling water, my hands feel very hot and get dirty easily. If you have a small gap, you will cut your hand and fall easily. It is inconvenient to take it with you when you are active. It's easy to cool down after pouring hot water. The whole set of cups is the same color, so people who drink water can't tell the difference between their own cups if they are not careful. Some people with a high nose bridge will drink water with ordinary glasses, and the frames will press their noses and feel uncomfortable?

Umbrella brings convenience to people's life, but it also has some shortcomings, such as:

You can't stop it in a big storm.

Sometimes it will block the line of sight, and walking in the rain is prone to accidents.

It's not very convenient to carry

The support of the umbrella is easy to fail.

When it is used in sunny and rainy days, the style cannot be balanced.

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In view of its shortcomings, people can consider new improvement measures:

Portable folding umbrella

Increase the pattern of the umbrella cover

Change the shape of the umbrella so that it does not block the line of sight.

Can be made for two people, children or the elderly.

Other facilities convenient for the night or the blind can be added.

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Step 3 list the hope points

Hope point enumeration method is another important scheme design method. People's pursuit of good wishes often becomes a powerful driving force for invention. I hope the list is for putting things. If so? Ideas like this are listed as follows:

It looks three-dimensional, with a framed device that everyone can watch alone. The channel programs they want to watch will automatically appear, and the things they shoot will appear in front of them when they want to watch. They can watch programs from all over the world and adjust the width of the picture when watching them. They can select programs by remote control. Scented pictures, like tapes, can be replayed whenever you want to see them?

For example:

{1} What kind of pen is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{2} What kind of camera is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{3} What kind of phone is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{4} What kind of city is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{5} What kind of car is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{6} What kind of food is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{7} What kind of schoolbag is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{8} What kind of clothes are ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{9} What kind of teacher is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes;

{10} What kind of factory is ideal? Please try to write down your wishes.

Application: jump out of plane thinking and enter the three-dimensional world.

The application of three-dimensional thinking method is based on the vertical and horizontal analysis of things, integrating all levels and aspects of understanding obtained from the analysis into a whole, forming a new understanding, and completely revealing the original face of the three-dimensional connection of things. Everything in nature has a three-dimensional conformation, so the three-dimensional thinking method plays a very important role in understanding the objective world.

1. The application of three-dimensional thinking in natural science Scientists and educators who attended the annual science conference in the United States 1998 believe that geometry should be given priority in education in the 2 1 century. This is because many modern high-tech technologies, such as CT scanning, core vibrometer, Doppler color B-ultrasound imaging technology of medical equipment, or robots, optical disks, high-definition computers, are inseparable from traditional and modern geometric theories. In other words, it needs to be widely used in three-dimensional thinking methods. So some people say: 2 1 century education? Long live geometry! ?

2. The role of three-dimensional thinking in invention A typical example of using three-dimensional thinking to engage in scientific and technological inventions is the discussion of integrated circuits.

In modern science and technology and military equipment, very accurate and highly sensitive electronic devices are often used, and to equip these devices, hundreds of thousands or even millions of transistors, resistors, capacitors and other electronic components are often needed. If such a large number of components are assembled into equipment, it will not only be bulky and inconvenient to carry and use, but also greatly affect the performance of the equipment. How to solve this contradiction? Can the required electronic components be made on a semiconductor chip as a whole, so as to make an integrated electronic circuit with specific functions?

After research, scientists changed the plane connection mode of electronic components to three-dimensional connection, and made full use of vacuum diffusion, surface treatment, doping and other processes to make plane solid components including transistors, resistors and capacitors, and assembled these thin solid components through overlapping layers to form miniature combined circuits. After small, medium and large-scale experiments, the first large-scale integrated circuit was born. On a 30 square millimeter silicon wafer, there are 654.38+0.3 million transistor electronic circuits.

Obviously, without the guidance of three-dimensional thinking method, there would be no invention of integrated circuits, and there would be no highly developed microelectronics industry today.

3. the application of three-dimensional thinking in architecture and transportation. the high-rise building with unique structure is itself a three-dimensional landscape. As architectural designers, they must have rich three-dimensional concepts, and each of their design products is a representation of three-dimensional thinking.

In a modern metropolis, with the increase of population and the popularity of private cars, urban traffic has become more and more crowded. Where is the way out? Developing three-dimensional traffic is one of the ways to solve the problem. Thinking about traffic problems in a three-dimensional way breaks through the plane limitation and provides many possibilities for solving ground traffic congestion. For example, underground railways, underground tunnels, double-decker buses, viaduct lanes, overpasses, underground parking lots, three-dimensional garages and so on. , thus greatly improving the utilization of space.

4. The role of three-dimensional thinking in artistic creation In western artistic creation characterized by oil painting and sculpture, the three-dimensional thinking method plays a decisive role.

In the history of modern art, no sculpture has such a great influence as The Thinker. The Thinker was written by Rodin in 1880. First clay sculpture, and then cast a bronze statue with a plaster mold. It is only 72 centimeters high, and there are only 56 statues in the world. 1902, Rodin should be the sculptor Henry? Has Leposi's request been put forward? Big Mac? The thinker is 2 meters tall and weighs 700 kilograms. Now, got it? Big Mac? There are only 22 statues of thinkers. According to the auctioneer's estimation, if an authentic product is auctioned in the market, it can fetch at least $6.5438+million.

The Thinker is a sculpture, lifelike and a representation of the author's three-dimensional thinking. What is the thinker thinking? The author has left us a very broad space for thinking: if he is an artist, he may be thinking about artistic creation; If he is a scientist, he must be thinking about what the future world will be like. In short, it doesn't matter what you think, what matters is what you think the viewer is thinking. Perhaps this is the main purpose of the author's creation.

(1) Consider the problems that should be paid attention to when buying used cars.

For example: price, model, kilometers, owner, parts, applicability, maintenance difficulty, etc. Then combine your goals, ideas, funds, options, etc.

(2) What are the advantages and disadvantages of taking notes? What role do you want notes to play and how to improve the methods of taking notes?

(3) Use the method of three-dimensional thinking to design your room.

(4) Think about what else you can improve in your study, life and work by this method.

(5) Consider the characteristics of bicycles and their improvement methods (such as style, speed, parts, color, applicability, etc.). ).

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Thinking about related articles:

1. Thinking mode training

2. Four ways of thinking

3. Logical thinking problem

4. Thinking training

5.2 1 methods to improve thinking ability

6. The beauty of thinking: 15 ways to make people smart.

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