Information, words and pictures about world cultural and natural heritage

China became a member of UNESCO World Heritage Committee on1985 65438+February 65438+February. By the end of the 39th World Heritage Convention on July 8, 20 15, there were 48 World Heritage Sites in China. Among them, there are 34 world cultural heritages, 4 world natural heritages 10 and 4 dual cultural and natural heritages. The total number of heritages ranks second in the world, second only to Italy's 5 1. Due to the huge number, the following are ten representative world heritage projects:

Wan Li Great Wall 1( 1987.438+02, Cultural Heritage)

The Great Wall in China is the greatest construction project in the history of human civilization. It was built more than 2000 years ago during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, it became the Great Wall of Wan Li. It was built on a large scale during the Han Dynasty. It is distributed in the vast land of northern and central China, with a total length of more than 5,000 kilometers. The vastness of its project and the grandeur of its momentum can be called a miracle of the world. The Great Wall is a treasure of Chinese civilization, a building as famous as the Egyptian pyramids, and a miracle of mankind. More than 2,000 years ago, the working people built the Great Wall of Wan Li with their flesh and blood, which is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient people in China and a symbol of the Chinese nation.

2. Imperial Palace in Ming and Qing Dynasties-Forbidden City in Beijing (1987.438+02, cultural heritage)

The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is located in the center of Beijing. It was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, where 24 emperors successively ascended the throne. Founded in 1406, it has been more than 600 years since. The Forbidden City is the largest and most complete ancient wooden structure complex in the world. It covers an area of 720,000 square meters, with a construction area of 6.5438+0.5 million square meters and more than 9,000 temples. At present, there are about 6,543,800 pieces of precious cultural relics and artworks in the palace. The Yellow Tile Red Wall, Hsi Chin, White Jade Carved Column and Palace Que of the Forbidden City overlap with great momentum, which is the essence of ancient architecture in China and the embodiment of the highest level of ancient architecture in China.

3. Shaanxi Qin Shihuang Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors (1987+02, Cultural Heritage)

The mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is one of the largest, strangest and richest imperial tombs in the world. The Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses unearthed 8,000 terracotta figures, hundreds of chariots and tens of thousands of physical weapons, which are rare in the world and known as the eighth wonder of the world. It is of great historical significance to deeply study the military, politics, economy, culture, science and art of the Qin Dynasty. On the other hand, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang are also the pinnacle of clay sculpture art in China, adding luster to the splendid ancient culture of the Chinese nation, adding a glorious page to the history of world art and having high artistic value.

4. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in Gansu (1987+02, Cultural Heritage)

The Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Cave, is known as the most valuable cultural discovery in the 20th century and the "Louvre in the East", and is famous for its exquisite murals and statues. It was founded in the pre-Qin period of sixteen countries. After the construction of the Northern, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Xixia and Yuan Dynasties, it has formed a huge scale. There are 735 caves, 45,000 square meters of murals and 24 15 clay sculptures. It is the largest and richest Buddhist art shrine in the world. The Mogao Grottoes provide valuable information for the study of China's ancient politics, economy, culture, religion, ethnic relations and friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries, and are the cultural and spiritual wealth of mankind.

5. Anhui Huangshan (1990 438+02, dual heritage of nature and culture)

Huangshan Mountain is located in the northern edge of the middle subtropical zone, with evergreen broad-leaved forest and red soil and yellow soil. It combines the beautiful scenery of China's famous mountains, especially the "four wonders" of strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. It has always enjoyed the reputation of "going back to Wuyue without looking at the mountains, and going back to Huangshan without looking at the mountains". Huangshan Mountain, widely praised in the heyday of literature and art in China history, is known as "the first strange mountain in Sinian". Today, Huangshan Mountain is famous for its magnificent scenery-strange pines growing on granite stones and strange stones appearing in the sea of clouds. For tourists, poets, painters and photographers all over the world, Huangshan has eternal charm.

6. Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area in Sichuan (1992.5438+02, Natural Heritage)

Jiuzhaigou is located in the upper reaches of Minjiang River, in Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province. It is named after nine Tibetan villages, including Pan Xin, Pengbu, Shuzheng and Ye He. The whole area is about 720 square kilometers, and most of it is covered by forests. Jiuzhaigou is a branch ditch at the source of Jialing River in the Yangtze River system, with complex geological structure. The height difference here is wide, the climate is diverse and the mountains and rivers are beautiful. Relying on the clear plateau scenery, it is famous at home and abroad for its "five wonders" of peaks, colorful forests, blue seas, waterfalls and Tibetan winds. Jiuzhaigou has always been regarded as "holy mountain and holy water" by local Tibetans, "fairyland on earth" by orientals and "fairy tale world" by westerners.

7. Old Town of Lijiang (1997 438+02, Cultural Heritage)

Old Town of Lijiang is located in the central town of Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County, with an altitude of more than 2,400 meters. It is a famous city with beautiful scenery, long history and splendid culture, and it is also a rare well-preserved ancient city of ethnic minorities in China. Old Town of Lijiang has a long history, is simple and natural, and has the features of a water town and a mountain city. As a minority city with a long history, it combines the essence of Han, Bai, Yi and Tibetan nationalities from the overall layout of the city to the engineering buildings, and has the unique style of Naxi nationality. It is a rare and important heritage to study the history of urban construction, architecture and culture in China.

8. Danxia, China (20 10.8, natural heritage)

Danxia in China includes six Danxia landform scenic spots, including Danxia Mountain in Guangdong, Taining Mountain in Fujian, Langshan Mountain in Hunan, Longhu Mountain and Guifeng Mountain in Jiangxi, Jianglang Mountain in Zhejiang and Chishui Mountain in Guizhou. China's "Danxia landform" is a unique example of the development of red bed landform, and its rich landform features show the unparalleled beauty of nature. Compared with the existing world heritage, Danxia in China is the best Danxia (red bed) landform area with the best mountain-water-forest configuration, making Danxia in China the most typical, beautiful and diverse representative of the ecological environment and the best landscape configuration in China and even the world.

9. Cultural Landscape of West Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province (20 1 1.6.25, Cultural Landscape)

The West Lake Scenic Area, represented by the "Ten Scenery of West Lake" and many historical sites, embodies the cultural elements of traditional gardening, painting and poetry in China, and also reflects the unique landscape aesthetic tradition of China's farming civilization, which has also had a great impact on the gardening landscape in East Asia from 13 to the 20th century. West Lake is an aesthetic entity that can best reflect the core value of China traditional culture in history, and it is the most classic cultural landscape in the oriental aesthetic system. Compared with lakes famous for their natural landscapes in the world, West Lake has the most human landscapes. Compared with the lakes famous for their humanistic landscapes in the world, the West Lake has the most beautiful natural landscape, which is a model of the perfect combination of natural beauty and humanistic beauty.

10, China Grand Canal (20 14.6, Cultural Heritage)

The Grand Canal in China is the longest canal in the world. Founded in the Spring and Autumn Period, it has a history of more than 2,400 years. Since then, generations of China people, with their diligence, wisdom and strong perseverance, have been digging and transforming from short to long, from part to whole, which lasted for more than a thousand years until 1293, and finally built an artificial Grand Canal from Hangzhou to Beijing. The Grand Canal, with a total length of1782km, spans Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and connects five major water systems: Qiantang River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Yellow River and Haihe River.