What are the traditional Chinese concepts of education which which concepts of education influence the

The cause of education is a future-oriented cause. Today's education is tomorrow's talent, the economy and society of the day after tomorrow. That is to say, to make our tomorrow's talent become a strong hand in international competition and cooperation, and to make our economy and society the day after tomorrow lead the world's advanced trend, we must pay attention to education innovation. However, today, when education is taking the road of innovation, we cannot but face the influence of traditional culture on education. "Stripping out the dross and drawing out the essence" and taking seriously the inheritance of traditional Chinese culture is a necessary choice for the modernization of Chinese education.

I. Understanding of Educational Innovation and Traditional Culture

The so-called educational innovation is to transcend the old ideas and old patterns of the past and create new ideas and new patterns that are in line with the development of the times. Educational innovation is the process of continuous development, progress, and efforts to achieve an ultimate pursuit of education, but also the inevitable demand for the modernization of education. It has a very rich connotation, basically can be understood as follows: innovation in education concept is the premise of education innovation; innovation in education system is the key to education innovation; innovation in education content is the root of education innovation; innovation in education technology is the guarantee of education innovation; integration of the ancient and modern, through the Chinese and Western, is the way of education innovation; improve the quality of education, improve the quality of human resources, is the purpose of education innovation.

Traditional culture, as a nation's independent consciousness and way of grasping the world, has its own fixed system of norms and values, reflecting the unique national psychology and experience. Traditional Chinese culture is no exception: since the Han Dynasty, the ideological system of Confucian orthodoxy has long occupied the mainstream culture of China, forming China's unique cultural traditions and the inherent pattern of education, and constructing a patriarchal social structure centered on patriarchy and an authoritarian ethical system characterized by the exclusivity of Confucianism in ancient China. The negative impact of this culture on modern educational innovation built on the framework of modern society, to talk about a few points.

The influence of traditional Chinese culture on educational innovation

(1) The influence of traditional Chinese culture on the value of education

Educational values are the people's understanding and view of education itself: from the budding of Confucianism in the Spring and Autumn Period to the establishment of its exclusive status in the Han Dynasty, the system of education, facilities, content, form, and other aspects of education for the entire feudal era later on. laid a solid foundation for education throughout the subsequent feudal era. Education has always been an appendage of politics, without the ability and means to contribute to society independently. The emphasis on merit and prestige and the lack of effectiveness have always been the mainstay of traditional education.

On the issue of education and social relations, China's ancient times, education as a means of social management by successive rulers attached importance to: advocating "respect for virtue and protection of the people", "for the people to virtue," "the road to virtue, Qi Shi rituals "so that the people "have shame and character", reflecting the tendency of education in China to be subject to politics and serve politics. Historically, China has emphasized the moral cultivation of the individual, and the cultural tradition of emphasizing production and technological knowledge has only attached importance to the relationship between education and politics, while neglecting the connection between education and other sub-systems. Traditional Chinese education practiced the utilitarian rationality and spiritual pursuit of "no self", which made education neglect the existence of the individual and the individual's mobility. Attached to the political education ignored the social function of education, ignored the individual in the relationship between education and society's intermediary role, which not only hindered the level of economic development of society, but also affect the development of education itself.

In terms of educational values, the traditional Chinese concept has three characteristics: in terms of cognition, the emphasis on tradition and authority; in terms of evaluation, the emphasis on merit; and in terms of morality, the emphasis on "benevolence and righteousness", "loyalty and forgiveness". The social value of this traditional concept is manifested in the field of education, which is our unique national spirit of education. Education is not for the development of the individual, but rather a means to gain fame, make a name for oneself, and change social status. As a result, the current "teaching to the test" in our schools has become an unrecoverable problem. This kind of backward values is not conducive to the innovation of education concept, not conducive to the social value of education function, that is, education is not able to provide services for the development of socio-political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological.

In addition, in terms of the efficacy of education, traditional Chinese culture pursues the "ethical supremacy" and "pragmatic rationality" way of thinking, as well as the cultivation of "perfect man", "Saints" objective standards of the mediocrity of the national mentality, is also an important reason for China's education to ignore the individuality and creativity.

(2) The Influence of Traditional Chinese Culture on the Quality of Education

The concept of quality of education mainly refers to the viewpoints and attitudes of the school itself towards education.

In feudal China, the imperial examination system had selected many excellent officials for successive dynasties, thus continuing and advancing the development of Chinese history. However, because of the imperial examination system, the whole country, from the officials to the people, simply equated reading the Four Books and Five Classics with seeking employment in the imperial court. In contemporary times, all kinds of selection tests, also inherited the tradition of the imperial examination system, although in the selection of suitable talents, to maintain people's right to fair education does play a certain role. However, it has seriously hindered the changes in the form and content of teaching and the fulfillment of human interest. Knowledge transfer is too single, do not pay attention to the subject of comprehensive, integrated and the link between the subject and the subject, basically what is taught, what to learn what test, knowledge becomes something that must have a correct or incorrect answer, the students do not have subjectivity, personality and hobbies, everything has become absolutely objective, all kinds of exams have created an over-emphasis on the consistency of the culture. Students can only be "not polite do not see, not polite do not say, not polite do not move", only read the holy books, in the teacher's overall domination, also step by step to achieve a certain standard of knowledge reserves. Innovation and thus can not be talked about.

At the same time, the backward form of teaching organization, is also a major factor hindering educational innovation. Long-term feudal society, Confucianism is y rooted in people's minds, the form of teaching is closed and conservative. Since the "learning in the government" since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the State Supervision, "six halls in order to Museum Supervisors", the basic official school has become a dull, fixed, uniform student "prison". Although the implementation of centralized lecture system is social progress, but with the late feudal society, the whole social system of closed conservative, collective lectures are also tend to be closed to students in the classroom, school, with a strict system to limit the students, resulting in a narrow, closed "classroom center" view, affecting the improvement of the quality of education and the student's personality development. The first is to make sure that you have a good understanding of what you are doing and how you are doing it.

Not only this, the traditional teaching methods and teaching tools are also hindering the development and change of education. Under the system of exam-oriented education, teachers adopt the "injection" method of indoctrination, and students can only become passive receptive containers, and become a machine for memorizing and answering the teacher's questions. Teachers only pay attention to the teaching of knowledge, teaching methods are very single, simple and boring statement of words, it is difficult to stimulate the creative thinking of students, erase the interest in the relationship to the cause, naturally difficult to form a colorful teaching atmosphere.

In the miserable teaching environment, students are also burdened with the pressure of the examination, in the manipulation of the baton of the high school entrance examination, naturally scores become the evaluation of the standard of teaching performance. "Talking about points, teachers, students, parents do not dare to slow down, only along the baton under the "sheep's intestine path" hesitant and walking. This phenomenon of using a yardstick, a standard to require talent, is not conducive to the cultivation of talent, but also does not meet the requirements of social development. The influence of traditional Chinese culture on educational innovation is multi-faceted, must be brave to face, not to be taken lightly. "Choose what is good and follow it, and change what is not good", adhere to the concept of education update, is the inevitable requirement of the modernization of education.

(C) the influence of traditional Chinese culture on the concept of talent

Education is an activity to cultivate people, different historical conditions and cultural background, education to cultivate talent specifications standards have different points. The concept of talent is a rational understanding of the object of training, belonging to the category of ideals, which is related to political ideals, social ideals and understanding of human nature. In ancient societies, education and politics were closely integrated, and the role of education was centered on the political aspect.

The book "The University" begins with the following statement: "The way of the university is to be clear and virtuous, to be kind to the people, and to stop at the highest good". It requires the cultivation of talents who are able to be "clear and virtuous" and "pro-people" so that both individuals and society can "stop at the highest good". The ancient Chinese principle of "cultivating one's moral character, regulating one's family, ruling the country, and pacifying the world" also clearly shows that the cultivation goal of education carries an obvious political purpose of education. Since the slave society, China has been controlling schools through the management method of "learning in the government", which in turn realizes the control over the minds of the educated. Under this concept of education, which is contrary to human nature, people are cultivated with a lack of individuality and creativity, as well as a lack of the sense of change and resistance. Ancient Chinese educators hoped to cultivate the educated into "scholars", "sages" and "saints". Although there is: "Books are like medicine, good reading can heal the fools". (Han? (Liu Xiang) "Accumulation of wealth millions, no more than reading. ......For reading and learning, I want to be happy in the morning, and be good at traveling." (Northern Dynasty? Yan Zhi Tui) "People can be people, by the belly has poetry and books." (Tang? (Han Yu) "People do not have to discuss the rich and poor, but the sound of reading is the best." (Tang? (Weng Chengzan) "Only by chanting are weary, and then we know that the joy of words is endless." (Song? (Ouyang Xiu) "The taste of foreign objects, long time can be bored; the taste of reading, the longer the deeper." (Song? (Cheng Yi) "The joy of reading is so joyful that it is as high as the frosty sky of the bright moon." (Song? (Zhu Xi) "The flavor of books in the chest, sweet to drink old wine." (Qing Dynasty? (Yuan Mei) "What do you want to read? To understand things." (Qing Dynasty? (Zhang Wei Ping) and so on so sage reasoning, but ignored the human personality to play, often cultivated out of the "talent", but also make the ruling stage of great disappointment. After the establishment of new China, China's education is still with a heavy pan-political color, coupled with the irrationality of the educational structure itself, so that China's cultivation of talent there is a considerable proportion of the phenomenon of disproportionate cultivation of talents, most of the individuality of the lack of thought, creative thinking ability is insufficient, the rigidity of the mindset of conservatism, which seriously affects the socialist construction and development of the process of the demand for talent. Nowadays, society is an open and integrated system, and the comprehensive development of society requires education to cultivate talents of various types and levels in order to promote the stability and continuity of society. Talents cast in accordance with the same type of mold to promote social stability and continuity. According to the same type of mold casting out of talent, is not able to adapt to the needs of modern social development. Education should focus on the unity of "personalization" and "socialization". Both the requirements of the educated must be through the culture of formation to achieve the purpose of personal survival of the orderly development of society, but also to reflect the differences in personality, to realize the innovation and change in society.